scholarly journals Methods and models in the quest for the historical Jesus: Historical criticism and/or social scientific criticism

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andries Van Aarde
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
High Level

In this article a distinction is made between social scientific criticism and historiography. Historiography describes what is unrepeatable, specific and particular. Social scientific criticism is to some extent a phenomenological approach. On a high level of abstraction, it focuses on ideal types. The historiographical quest for Jesus is about the plausibility of a continuity or a discontinuity existing between the Jesus of history and the Jesus of faith. This approach has been broadened by the interdisciplinary application of the results of archaeological, sociohistorical, and cultural anthropological studies of the world of the historical  Jesus. But it does not mean that historical-critical research as such is now dismissed. The aim of the article is to argue that social scientific criticism can complement a historical-critical analysis.

Perché la ricerca in psicoterapia non puň esaurire le peculiaritŕ della clinica. Per un'integrazione epistemologica

2009 ◽  
pp. 191-214
Author(s):  
Mauro Fornaro
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Key Words Psychotherapy ◽  
The World ◽  
Integrate Research

- After having stated that the notion of validation is wider than the notion of empirical verification, the Author stresses that psychotherapy research, though epistemologically necessary, in principle and for factual reasons cannot work as a substitute of all the particularities of clinical experience. This detailed critical analysis is not aimed at condemning empirical research, but at sharpening research methods and techniques, especially considering the dimensions of subjectivity, in order to integrate research with clinical experience. Nevertheless, the programmatic choice of empirical research to use - for reasons of "scientific objectivity" - a point of view which is external to the therapeutic relationship proposes again the gap between an empirical-objective approach (the world how it is) and a phenomenologicalsubjective approach (the world how I feel it and experience it).KEY WORDS: psychotherapy research, epistemology, integration, phenomenological approach, clinical experience

scholarly journals Hermeneutiese uitgangspunte in historiese-Jesus navorsing, Deel 1: Sosiaal-wetenskaplike vooronderstellings P A Geyser

2000 ◽  
Vol 56 (2/3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Geyser
Keyword(s):  
Historical Jesus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Agrarian Society ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Social Conditioning ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Scientific

Hermeneutical premises in historical Jesus research, Part 1:social-scientific presuppositions. The aim of this article is to reflect on social-scientific theoies, models and methods in historical Jesus research. The discussion focuses on ive epistemological aspects. The first aspect is the social conditioning of the epistemological process. All knowledge is socially conditioned and perspectival in nature. The second aspect is the situational discourse of the interpreter and the object of investigation. The third aspect concerns the process of knowing where theories and models are discussed. Distinctions are drawn between paradigms, theories, models and methods. Heuristics is the fourth matter to be discussed. Three approaches are evaluated critically: deduction, induction and abduction. Fifthly, the world of the Bible will be considered as a pre-industrial and advanced agrarian society.

“Antichristologies”: A Comparison of Juan Luis Segundo and Burton Mack

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-320
Author(s):  
Andrew Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Christian Tradition ◽  
Christian Identity ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Contemporary Christian ◽  
The World

Relating the historical Jesus to images of Jesus in Christian tradition and to the experiences of a contemporary audience has proven a burdensome task in the modern period. In the present day, various disjunctions and entanglements with religious and non-religious features of social life intensify the crisis of identity experienced by many Christians. Juan Luis Segundo and Burton Mack stand out as two interpreters of the historical Jesus who have approached the problem in different ways, not so much to restore the tradition for their audience as to subject it to radical historical criticism. As this study demonstrates, hermeneutics does not solve the larger problem of contemporary Christian identity but it does enable exchange between very different accounts of the problem, in turn clarifying what is at stake in the interpretive task: an interpreter's present conduct in the world.

scholarly journals De Gepredikte Jezus – De Prediking aangaande Jezus Christus tussen Theologie en Historie

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-290
Author(s):  
R. Bos
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
Critical Questions ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

The preached Jesus - The preaching of Jesus between theology and historism This article deals with the tension between the preaching of the gospel of Jesus (the preached Jesus) as a source of joy on the one hand and the critical questions of the theologian (the historical Jesus) on the other. In this field of tension the question arises: who Jesus is to us at this point in time. The author deals briefly with these two approaches. He pleads for caution against a rigorous confessional or doctrinal approach on the one hand and on the other an approach in terms of which only the historically founded may be stated. The author searches for a way where justice is done to the view that in Jesus we are confronted with the world of God, but where historical criticism is also taken seriously. In this quest Barth and Marquardt are used as partners in dialogue. The admission that the Spirit creates a bridge between God and man, guards preaching against petrification and opens the way to meaningful creativity. The author accepts that preaching in itself provides no answer, but creates a space in which Christ himself may enter to speak. This presupposition prevents an arrogant theology. The preacher and congregation pray that the Spirit of God enters this space to speak. It does not result in vague content, but leads the preacher to speak in a careful and humble way on Christ. The space is guarded by the diligent scanning of the witnesses regarding Jesus and by anchoring them in the books of Moses, the prophets and David. Through this testimony God enters into our midst.

Rhetorical analysis and sociological analysis in historical Jesus research

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
L. Gregory Bloomquist
Keyword(s):  
Acts Of The Apostles ◽  
Gospel Of Luke ◽  
Rhetorical Analysis ◽  
Historical Jesus ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
Rhetorical Value ◽  
Level I ◽  
Social Scientific

AbstractIn this article I suggest ways in which rhetorical analysis can complement sociological analysis of early Christianity. On the basis of a universally acknowledged saying of Jesus ("blessed are you poor"), I suggest that those who use social scientific perspectives need to clarify more accurately the levels of data from which they are working (i.e., when they are working with probably early material, possibly the words of Jesus himself, and when they are working with the later elaboration of the traditional material) and to identify the rhetorical value of each level. I then show how, contrary to sociological analysis that depicts Jesus as merely proclaiming reversal, the historical Jesus proclaimed a reversal that had already happened but one that was away from God's intended order: what the historical Jesus was calling for was a future restoration to a state that existed before the reversal. Attention to the rhetorical nature of his follower's use of this proclamation, however, shows that when the author of the Gospel of Luke and the Lukan Acts of the Apostles uses the language of reversal and restoration, he now does so to describe what was happening not primarily vis-à-vis "the world" but in their own, now Christian communities. Jesus' message of reversal of the fate of the poor becomes in this way the Lukan message of the apostolic governance of that reversal, that is, the broker's (the apostolic leadership's, after the model of Jesus) dispensation of the patron's (God's) resources.

“Farewell to Unjustified Enrichment?” – A Common Law Response

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-337
Author(s):  
Steve Hedley
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
German Law ◽  
Unjust Enrichment ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
The Law ◽  
Unjustified Enrichment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Logical Process

In this article, Professor Steve Hedley offers a Common Law response to he recently published arguments of Professor Nils Jansen on the German law of unjustified enrichment (as to which, see Jansen, “Farewell to Unjustified Enrichment” (2016) 20 EdinLR 123). The author takes the view that Jansen's paper provided a welcome opportunity to reconsider not merely what unjust enrichment can logically be, but what it is for. He argues that unjust enrichment talk contributes little of value, and that the supposedly logical process of stating it at a high level of abstraction, and then seeking to deduce the law from that abstraction, merely distracts lawyers from the equities of the cases they consider.

Erfahrung ohne Erfahrenden

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-78
Author(s):  
Petr Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
New Beginning ◽  
Individual Structure ◽  
The World ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
Individual Existence ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intentional Structure

This article examines the limits of Heidegger’s ontological description of emotionality from the period of Sein und Zeit and Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik along the lines outlined by Lévinas in his early work De l’existence à l’existant. On the basis of the Lévinassian concept of “il y a”, we attempt to map the sphere of the impersonal existence situated out of the structured context of the world. However the worldless facticity without individuality marks the limits of the phenomenological approach to human existence and its emotionality, it also opens a new view on the beginning and ending of the individual existence. The whole structure of the individual existence in its contingency and finitude appears here in a new light, which applies also to the temporal conditions of existence. Yet, this is not to say that Heidegger should be simply replaced by Lévinas. As shows an examination of the work of art, to which brings us our reading of Moravia’s literary exposition of boredom (the phenomenon closely examined in Die Grundbegriffe der Metaphysik), the view on the work of art that is entirely based on the anonymous and worldless facticity of il y a must be extended and complemented by the moment in which a new world and a new individual structure of experience are being born. To comprehend the dynamism of the work of art in its fullness, it is necessary to see it not only as an ending of the world and the correlative intentional structure of the individual existence, but also as their new beginning.

Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
American University ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
High Level ◽  
Education And Development

“The real treasure is in the minds of our children, and all we have to do is extract it.” Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah writes in website Queen Rania Foundation For Education And Development www.qrf.org/en. Rania Al Yassin was born on August 31, 1970. She obtained her Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration from the American University of Cairo in 1991. She applied this, first, to a banking career in Jordan and, later, to the information technology sector. After marrying Prince Abdullah bin Al Hussein on June 10, 1993, they went on to have four children: Prince Hussein, Princess Iman, Princess Salma, and Prince Hashem. In addition to being a wife and mother, Queen Rania works hard to lift the lives of Jordanians by supporting their endeavours and helping to create new opportunities for them. Locally, she is committed to breathe new life into the public education system; empower communities and women especially through microfinance initiatives; protect children and families; and drive innovation, technology and entrepreneurship, especially amongst young people. Internationally, Queen Rania is an advocate for tolerance, compassion and bridge building between people of all cultures and backgrounds. Her efforts to simultaneously challenge stereotypes of Arabs and Muslims, and promote greater understanding and acceptance between people of all faiths and cultures, have won her global recognition. Her Majesty’s passion is education. She believes that every Jordanian girl and boy, and all children, should have access not only to stimulating classrooms and modern curricula, but inspiring teachers and technology that can connect Jordan’s children to the world and the world to Jordan’s children. Her efforts in the education sector complement the work of the Ministry of Education through initiatives such as the Jordan Education Initiative, the Queen Rania Teachers Academy, Madrasati, Edraak and others. To realize these and so much more, Queen Rania has encouraged private sector partners to drive improvements and strengthen the foundations of Jordan’s education system. Queen Rania is also a global voice for access to quality education for children around the world. In 2009, Her Majesty championed the 1 Goal campaign for education; she is Honorary Chair of the UN Girl’s Education Initiatives and has advocated access to education in forums and gatherings around the world. Her work and her efforts to improve the learning opportunities for children have been recognized at the highest levels, nationally, regionally and internationally. Additionally, through her position on their boards, Her Majesty contributes to the work of the United Nations Fund and the World Economic Forum. She is the Eminent Advocate for UNICEF; and she was part of the UN appointed High Level Panel who advised on the shape and content of the Sustainable Development Goals which aim to improve the lives of millions of people before 2030. In recognition of her work, Her Majesty has humbly accepted many awards, locally, regionally and globally. These include the Walther Rathenau Award from the Walther RathenauInstitut in Germany for her efforts to greater peace and understanding; the James C. Morgan Global Humanitarian Award from Tech Awards, USA; the Arab Knight of Giving Award from Arab Giving Forum, UAE; the North South Prize by the North South Prize, Portugal; as well as the YouTube Visionary Award. Her Majesty authored several books primarily for children including the Sandwich Swap, which was inspired by her own childhood experiences.

Global warming influences dynamics of plague’s epidemic manifestations in XX-XXI centuries

2017 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
E.S. Zenkevich ◽  
N.V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
High Level

During the second half of 20th century, a high level of plague incidence in the world was in 1960–1979 and 1990–2009. The significant decrease of infection cases was in 1950–1959, 1980–1989, 2010–2015. It is noticed, that the observed cyclical nature of the alternation of high and low incidence plague’s periods, in many respects related to modern trend of climate fluctuations.

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