The potential respiratory surfaces of a fish living in a historically polluted river

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
André Luis da Cruz ◽  
Thiago Matos Prado ◽  
Laísa Peixoto Ramos ◽  
Wilfried Klein
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Diffusion Barrier ◽  
Diffusion Distance ◽  
Polluted River ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Gill Structure ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Cutaneous Respiration

Abstract The acquisition of oxygen is fundamental for maintaining metabolic activity in fish, and most species obtain oxygen through aquatic gill respiration. Throughout evolution, different fish lineages have evolved secondary routes to obtain oxygen from atmospheric air, and the spinycheek sleeper, Eleotris pisonis, may be one example of such bimodal respiration. Gill structure and the top epithelium of the head of E. pisonis from the Subaé River (Santo Amaro, Bahia, Brazil) were evaluated morphometrically. The gills showed histopathologies, especially proliferation, which was prevalent on 35.6% of the filaments and on 13.7% of the lamellae, probably increasing the water-blood diffusion barrier of the lamellae to 5.48 ± 1.32 μm, similar to the air-blood diffusion distance of the skin (5.77 ± 1.72 μm). Quantitative morphometric analysis of histopathologies and diffusion distances could be considered as biomarkers, and also suggest the presence of cutaneous respiration as a possible strategy for aerial oxygen acquisition.

Comparative Studies on VS2 Bilayer and VS2/Graphene Heterostructure as the Anodes of Li Ion Battery

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Rui Zhi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Diffusion Barrier ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
Li Ion Batteries ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
And Diffusion

Due to the development of various mobile electronic devices, such as electric vehicles, rechargeable ion batteries are becoming more and more important. However, the current commercial lithium-ion batteries have obvious defects, including poor safety from Li dendrite and flammable electrolyte, quick capacity loss and low charging and discharging rate. It is very important to find a better two-dimensional material as the anode of the battery to recover the disadvantages. In this paper, first principles calculations are used to explore the performances of VS2 bilayer and VS2 / graphene heterostructure as the anodes of Li ion batteries. Based on the calculation of the valences, binding energy, intercalation voltage, charge transfer and diffusion barrier of Li, it is found that the latter can be used as a better anode material from the perspective of insertion voltage and binding energy. At the same time, the former one is better in terms of diffusion barrier. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding on VS2 based 2D anodes.

Supersaturation by counterperfusion and diffusion of gases

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Hills
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Diffusion Barrier ◽  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Bubble Formation ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Of Gases

Gaseous supersaturation can be induced under steady-state conditions when two inert gases are transmitted in opposite directions across any system comprising a diffusion barrier adjacent to a zone of limited convective capacity. This has many implications for bubble formation in vivo and can explain the occurence of symptoms of decompression sickness without decompression.

Dominant Texture and Diffusion Distance Manifolds

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 667-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianye Lu ◽  
Julie Dorsey ◽  
Holly Rushmeier
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Distance ◽  
And Diffusion

Influence of quantum size effects on Pb island growth and diffusion barrier oscillations

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Chun Li ◽  
Xucun Ma ◽  
Jin-Feng Jia ◽  
Yan-Feng Zhang ◽  
Dongmin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Barrier ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Quantum Size Effects ◽  
Island Growth ◽  
Quantum Size ◽  
And Diffusion

scholarly journals Effect of Na-doped Mo layer as a controllable sodium reservoir and diffusion barrier for flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2255-2261
Author(s):  
Sung-Tae Kim ◽  
Ho-Jung Jeong ◽  
Ye-Chan Kim ◽  
Vishwa Bhatt ◽  
Manjeet Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Diffusion Barrier ◽  
And Diffusion

The Ehrlich-Schwoebel Effect for Vacancies: Low-Index Faces of Silver

2000 ◽  
Vol 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael I. Haftel
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Barrier ◽  
Activation Barrier ◽  
Diffusion Barriers ◽  
Step Edge ◽  
Embedded Atom Method ◽  
Vacancy Diffusion ◽  
Exchange Diffusion ◽  
Embedded Atom ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Step Edges

AbstractWe employ surface-embedded-atom-method potentials to investigate the diffusion barriers of vacancies diffusing over and near steps on the low index faces of silver. Barriers for vacancy terrace diffusion, diffusion over step-edges, and diffusion along step edges, including around corners, are calculated. Vacancies are significantly less mobile than adatoms and have large Ehrlich-Schwoebel (ES) barriers on all three faces. For Ag(100) the diffusion barrier for vacancies along step-edges is virtually the same (474 meV) as on the terrace. As in diffusion near the step edge, vacancies encounter a significant increase (213 meV) in the activation barrier when diffusing around the corner of a vacancy island (the corner analogue of the ES barrier), but the excess barrier around a kink all but disappears because exchange diffusion is favorable there. The consequences of the vacancy diffusion barriers on 3D pitting and on island diffusion and coarsening are discussed.

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