scholarly journals The (In)applicability of the Right of Innocent Passage in the Gulf of Finland – Russia’s Return to a Mare Clausum?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-262
Author(s):  
Alexander Lott

Abstract The Gulf of Finland has one of the busiest shipping routes globally and is the main export channel for Russian oil and gas. The Russian Federation has not closed its territorial sea for the east-west passage of ships to and from its ports. However, it has blocked over the past dozen years the north-south passage of an Estonian-Finnish commercial ferry line that has not received the Russian Federation’s permission for crossing its territorial sea. The Russian Federation’s permit-based passage regime caused the closure of that ferry line in 2007 and reportedly still hinders its re-establishment. In this context, the Russian Federation’s practice on the right of innocent passage through its territorial sea in the Gulf of Finland resembles the Soviet Union’s practice prior to the 1989 Jackson Hole statement.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 10869-10871

The article is devoted to studying the situation with opisthorchiasis in populations of freshwater fish in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Finland to identify the possible epizootic and epidemic hazards


2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Andreyevna Zmyvalova

The preservation of the traditional livelihood of the indigenous peoples of the Russian North is one of the State’s policy priorities in the Russian Federation. This is declared in such documents as, inter alia, the Development Strategy of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and the National Security for the period up to 2020 and the Paper on the Sustainable Development of the Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of Russia for the period up to 2025. Fishing is one of the basic traditional practices for the indigenous peoples of the Russian North. Despite the legal recognition of the right to traditional fishing of indigenous peoples, the practical realization of this right is complicated. While analysing the current situation, the author attempts to shed some light on the reasons of the problematic realization of this right.


2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-509
Author(s):  
Alexander Lott

Abstract In 2014, Estonia and the Russian Federation signed their land and maritime boundary agreements that are currently awaiting ratification. This study reconstructs the maritime boundary delimitation between the two States. In particular, the role of islands and pre-existing agreements for the delimitation of the territorial sea boundary in the south-eastern part of the Gulf of Finland are critically examined. It is established that the agreed maritime boundary line is a median line which was influenced by the use of the special circumstances method in the delimitation process.


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Вышнепольский ◽  
Vladimir Vyshnyepolskiy

The article is devoted to the Open All-Russian Student Olympiad on descriptive geometry, engineering and computer graphics in 2015. In accordance with the provision during the Open All-Russian Student Olympiad operated three sections: «Descriptive Geometry» (DG), «Engineering Graphics» (EG), «Computer Graphics» (CG). University team may consist of five students, the result of the team in each section is defined as the sum of the four best results. The final outcome of the university team´s performance is defined as the sum of the results in all three sections of DG, EG and CG. The criterion of success of the Open All-Russian Student Olympiad — Σ is the sum of the four parameters: Σ = p + k/10 + n + m, where p — number of universities participating of Open All-Russian Student Olympiad; k — number of students — participants of the Olympiad; n — number of subjects of the Russian Federation submitted to the competition; m — number of federal districts represented at the Olympiad. Criterion Indicator Σ2015 is the highest — the Olympiad 2015 is the most successful of the past fourteen. In the Open All-Russian Student Olympiad 2015 took part 24 unversities, 19 in Moscow and 5 in Novosibirsk. The vast majority of universities — 20 (83%), was able to prepare a full team of 4...5 people for participation in the Open All-Russian Student Olympiad 2015. Most of the participating universities (15) were able to speak in three sections. Five teams were in two sections and four in one. Students of the teams who performed in one section, prepared by a one-sided, and therefore, there is a major risk, that the training at the departments of these universities one-sided, that is not permissible. The analysis of performed Olympiad tasks leads to the conclusion, that the section «Descriptive Geometry» is the most intellectually capacious competitions in graphic disciplines. Participating teams from St. Petersburg has changed the balance of power at the National Student Olympiad on descriptive geometry, engineering and computer graphics, they pressed the dominate Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies named after M.V. Lomonosov and Tyumen State Oil and Gas University. Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies named after M.V. Lomonosov and Tyumen State Oil and Gas University lead in the ranking, according to the amount of places in the last four years: Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies named after M.V. Lomonosov is number one, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University is second best.


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
V I Yaremko ◽  
V L Cherkasova ◽  
A E Korovin

The article presents data from the archives on the history of the health resort-Sanatorium “Tarkhovsky” of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation. The history of creation of the sanatorium from 1933 to the present time is reflected. A unique location of the sanatorium in the city of Sestroretsk, close to the Gulf of Finland and lake Sestroretsky Spill. The article deals with the healing effects of sea air, obtaining medical procedures for the rehabilitation of servicemen, pensioners of the Ministry of defense, civil personnel of the Ministry of defense and others. In 2018, the branch “Sanatorium «Tarhovsky»” part of the Sanatorium complex “Zapadny” will celebrate its anniversary - 85 years (4 figs, bibliography: 1 ref.).


Author(s):  
Anna Ryzhkova

The article is devoted to the problem of solving crimes against life and health having been committed in the Russian Federation in recent years. The study aims to analyze the current state of efficiency of the investigative authorities of the Russian Federation enquiring previously suspended criminal cases dealing with life and health being regarded as the most dangerous group of crimes on the subject of encroachment.The research methodology consists of formal legal, statistical and analytical methods. The author gives the definition to crimes against life and health committed in the past. The paper describes statistical data of the activities of the investigative authorities of the Russian Federation enquiring previously suspended criminal cases. The study reveals negative dynamics of crime solution effectiveness and indicates the declining interest in a record of subjects of this crime category. Crimes against life and health committed in the past are the most dangerous on the subject of their encroachment. A person, his rights and freedoms including the right to life is the highest value protected by the state. Bringing a guilty person to justice and timely crime solution prove to be important principles of inevitability of responsibility. The analysis has confirmed the priority of further improvement of the methods of investigation of this criminal cases category.


Author(s):  
Tigran Tigranovich Aliev ◽  
Anastasia Olegovna Yatsenko ◽  
Aleksandr Dmitriyevich Zolotuhin

The study is devoted to the consideration of the civil procedural legislation reform. The review notes the significance and consequences of two federal laws: Federal Law of November 28, 2018 no. 451-FZ “On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation” and Federal Law of December 9, 2010 no. 353-FZ “On Amending to the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation”. The study contains two points of view on the content of the changes. The first point of view is presented by T.T. Aliev and A.O. Yatsenko. We point to one of the most important changes in the procedural legislation – a change in the representation institution in court. We propose the creation of a register of persons who have the right to be representatives in court. We also consider the creation of appeal and cassation courts of general jurisdiction. On this aspect of civil procedure reform, special attention is paid in the second point of view presented by A.D. Zolotuhin, who reveals not only the essence of changes, but also notes the historical background, as well as the theoretical characteristics of the changes. Both approaches to the review of the past reform emphasize that the procedural legislation reform meets current needs, but requires careful and consistent implementation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32

The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the right to life belongs to the basic constitutional human rights, therefore, its observance and protection is the duty of the state. Despite its undeniable importance, today the right to life anywhere in the world is not really ensured in sufficient quantities. The constitutional consolidation of the right to life raises a number of issues related to the concept, nature, legislative and practical implementation of this right. It should be noted that various aspects of the human right to life were considered in the scientific works of G.B. Romanovsky, O.G. Selikhova, T.M. Fomichenko, A.B. Borisova, V.A. Ershov and other Russian authors. The aim of the study is to study and comparative analysis of the legal content of the constitutional norm that defines the right to life, to comprehend and identify possible problems of the implementation of this right. To achieve this goal, this article discusses relevant issues of ensuring the right to life, proclaimed by Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Article 27 of the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic. The results of a comparative analysis of these constitutional norms and the relevant norms of industry law allow us to determine, that there is no contradiction between Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the norms of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which imply the death penalty as an exceptional measure of punishment, because a moratorium has been imposed on the death penalty in the Russian Federation since April 16, 1997. However, after the abolition of the death penalty in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1998, there was a discrepancy between parts II and III of Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the criminal legislation of Azerbaijan Republic that requires the introduction of the necessary changes in the content of the analyzed constitutional norm. The value of the work is determined by the fact that the introduction of appropriate changes will contribute to the further improvement of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the effective implementation of the right to life of everyone.


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