Forging an External EU Migration Policy: From Externalisation of Border Management to a Comprehensive Policy?

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Papagianni
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
External Dimension ◽  
External Migration

Abstract This article presents a critical analysis of the new developments in the formation of an external dimension of EU migration policy. It seeks to offer comprehensive answers to why, how and who build(s) external migration policy. The author analyses the current institutional framework emphasising, first, the changes introduced by the Lisbon Treaty, second, the variety of actors involved and the relations between them, and third, the innovative character of certain recent instruments. Next, the comprehensive and balanced character of the new policy is questioned. Its fundamental principles and objectives, as those are described in particular in the new Global Approach on Migration and Mobility, the so-called GAMM, are presented and examined in depth. Readmission agreements, visa facilitation agreements and mobility partnerships are used as case studies that provide a thorough review of the policy-making process and an assessment of the respective policy outcomes.

The Role of Third Countries in EU Migration Policy: The Mobility Partnerships

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasja Reslow
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Cape Verdean ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
The Third ◽  
Policy Proposals ◽  
External Migration ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Third countries are actors in EU external migration policy, not merely passive recipients of policy proposals. In order to understand policy outcomes, it is necessary to understand why third countries decide to participate (or not) in EU migration policy initiatives. The conditionality model provides an explanation which focuses on the domestic preferences of and processes in the third countries. In 2007, the EU introduced the Mobility Partnerships. These partnerships are intended to be the framework for migration relations between the EU and third countries in Eastern Europe and Africa. The Cape Verdean government decided to sign a Mobility Partnership because the benefits of this cooperation with the EU outweighed the costs. The Senegalese government refused to sign because the Mobility Partnership would have implied significant, unacceptable costs.

Public Opinion, Domestic Structure, and Foreign Policy in Liberal Democracies

1991 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Risse-Kappen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
The Impact

The paper discusses the role of public opinion in the foreign policy-making process of liberal democracies. Contrary to prevailing assumptions, public opinion matters. However, the impact of public opinion is determined not so much by the specific issues involved or by the particular pattern of public attitudes as by the domestic structure and the coalition-building processes among the elites in the respective country. The paper analyzes the public impact on the foreign policy-making process in four liberal democracies with distinct domestic structures: the United States, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, and Japan. Under the same international conditions and despite similar patterns of public attitudes, variances in foreign policy outcomes nevertheless occur; these have to be explained by differences in political institutions, policy networks, and societal structures. Thus, the four countries responded differently to Soviet policies during the 1980s despite more or less comparable trends in mass public opinion.

Institutional Development through Policy-Making: A Case Study of the Brazilian Central Bank

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Over Time

A number of contemporary studies rightly emphasize the notion that policy outcomes result from institutional determinants. But as a growing literature on institutional development notes, these institutions are themselves impermanent. Sometimes, in crisis moments, institutions are replaced wholesale. More frequently, institutions evolve gradually over time. using the Brazilian Central Bank as a case study, this article illustrates that the policy-making process itself can be a central driver of gradual institutional development, with institutions evolving through the accumulation of policy choices made over many years and under different policymakers in response to contemporaneous events and unforeseeable economic and political challenges.

6. How Policies Are Made

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Hayes-Renshaw
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Eu Policy ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Legislative Procedure ◽  
Ordinary Legislative Procedure

This chapter examines how European Union policies are made. Most EU legislation is now adopted according to the Ordinary Legislative Procedure, under which the Council and the European Parliament have equal powers. The basic policy-making rules laid down in the Treaties have been supplemented over the years by formal agreements and informal understandings between the main actors in the decision-making institutions. EU policy-making is open to criticism on grounds of democracy, transparency, and efficiency, but it continues to deliver an impressive amount and array of policy outcomes. The chapter considers the basic rules and principal actors involved in EU policy-making and how the policy-making process works in practice. It also asks whether the EU policy-making process is democratic, transparent, and efficient before concluding with an assessment of the theory and practice underlying the process.

6. How Policies Are Made

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-145
Author(s):  
Daniel Kenealy ◽  
Fiona Hayes-Renshaw
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Eu Policy ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Legislative Procedure ◽  
Ordinary Legislative Procedure

This chapter examines how European Union policies are made. Most EU legislation is now adopted according to the Ordinary Legislative Procedure, under which the Council and the European Parliament have equal powers. The basic policy-making rules laid down in the Treaties have been supplemented over the years by formal agreements and informal understandings between the main actors in the decision-making institutions. EU policy-making is open to criticism on grounds of democracy, transparency, and efficiency, but it continues to deliver an impressive amount and array of policy outcomes. The chapter considers the basic rules and principal actors involved in EU policy-making and how the policy-making process works in practice. It also asks whether the EU policy-making process is democratic, transparent, and efficient, before concluding with an assessment of the theory and practice underlying the process.

Who is in charge here? Legislators, bureaucrats and the policy making process

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-363
Author(s):  
Viktoryia Schnose
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Cross National ◽  
Policy Stability

Scholars in comparative politics often assume that political parties are the primary instruments for translating citizens’ preferences into specific policy outcomes. However, the crucial but often forgotten link between preferences, parties, and outcomes is the bureaucracy. Are bureaucrats able to affect policy outside of parties’ control? And, if so, how does this bureaucratic policy drift differ across institutional contexts? I argue that institutions that regulate the nomination process by which parties in government select bureaucrats (meritocratic versus partisan recruitment) determine the levels of bureaucratic influence on the policy making process, specifically in terms of policy change. I test my theoretical argument using two large cross-national datasets on budget allocations and policy stability. I find that bureaucratic professionalism partially explains changes in allocation to the “ideological” budgetary categories and is positively correlated with policy stability around the world.

scholarly journals May 2019 Internet Censorship in Indonesia: Critical Analysis of Its Policy Making Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ahmad Rozali ◽  
◽  
Aan Suryana ◽  
Safendri Komara Ragamustari ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Internet Censorship

scholarly journals China’s Evolving Image in International Climate Negotiation: From Copenhagen to Paris

2018 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 213-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaosheng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Domestic Policy ◽  
Dead Weight ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Climate Negotiation ◽  
International Climate

As the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitter, China has been a key party in global climate negotiation. External perceptions of China’s role in climate negotiation are significant for China’s domestic policy-making process and international climate efforts. Based on the case studies of two most historic climate talks, the Copenhagen and Paris climate conferences, this article attempts to examine the evolution of external perceptions on China’s role in international climate negotiation by three criteria: acceptability, credibility and constructiveness. The study shows that external perceptions of China’s role in international climate talks have changed considerably since 2009. At the Copenhagen conference, China was regarded as a “dead weight” or even a “wrecker,” though it managed to attain most of its negotiating goals. At the Paris conference, however, China was widely recognized as a global climate leader whose endeavor was indispensable for the conclusion of the Paris Agreement.

scholarly journals Examining participatory governance in a devolving UK: Insights from national parks policy development in Northern Ireland

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1516-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan PW Bell ◽  
Aileen Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
National Park ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Participatory Governance ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Policy Making Process

This paper provides a contemporary examination of policy making and participatory practice in the context of devolving governance in the UK. The paper takes Northern Ireland as its focus and is particularly timely considering the context of devolved governance, the ongoing transition from conflict to relative peace and the potential for rejuvenating democracy through participatory governance. The paper concentrates on one particular policy process, namely the attempted designation of a national park in the Mournes Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. A thematic analysis of qualitative data is drawn upon to analyse the structural factors that framed the policy-making process, in particular the role of power in determining how consultation processes were initiated, designed and undertaken. Using Lukes’ model as an analytical framework, power is shown to manifest at multiple levels within the policy-making process to influence policy outcomes. The paper reveals how the persistence of a top-down approach to policy development combined with a highly parochial political outlook undermined attempts to designate a Mourne National Park. The paper concludes that, given the immaturity of recently devolved government in Northern Ireland, in this instance, the democratising intentions of devolved governance have not been met. This has implications for Northern Ireland’s recent reform of public administration which devolves certain planning powers to local authority level and the management of the internationally significant Mournes landscape.

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