International Developments 2015: Cultural Activities and Facilities, Including the Media

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-119
Author(s):  
Mariya Riekkinen
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
The Media ◽  
Regional Or Minority Languages ◽  
Point Of Departure

This section gives an overview of international developments from the perspective of minority rights concerning cultural activities and cultural facilities, as well as the issues of the media and, more broadly, freedom of expression. In dealing with cultural activities and facilities, it departs from the provisions of Article 12 of the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages (ETS No. 148). Although the provisions of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages provide the conceptual point of departure, this section does not limit its analysis to only language issues but addresses a wider framework of cultural rights of persons belonging to minorities. International developments in the said fields are tracked not only at the European level of minority rights regulation but also at the level of the United Nations. By examining the UN praxis in the area of minority rights, we remain focused on minority issues, including indigenous issues, within the European legal context. This section starts with the analysis of the 2015 developments inside the un, and continues to address those of the OSCE, the EU, and the Council of Europe.

International Developments 2016: Economic, Social, and Cultural Life, Including Education and the Media, in the Context of European Minorities and from the Perspective of International Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 51-89
Author(s):  
Mariya Riekkinen
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Eu

From the perspective of the rights of minorities in Europe, this section overviews international developments concerning economic and socio-cultural entitlements, including those related to education and the media. It is thematically structured around two clusters related to the minority rights: (a) cultural activities and facilities, including the media; and (b) economic and social life, including education, which are covered by the provisions of the European Charter for Regional and Minority Languages (ETS. No. 148). This review starts with an analysis of the 2016 developments at the UN level, and continues with an overview of advancements at the levels of the OSCE, the EU, and the Council of Europe. The adoption of the Thematic Commentary No. 4 “The Scope of Application of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities” by the Advisory Committee on the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities (ACFC) is among the most important highlights.

Cultural Activities/Facilities and the Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-162
Author(s):  
Liudmila Ragozina ◽  
Gennady Chebotarev ◽  
Elena Titova
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Cultural Autonomy ◽  
Multilingual Education ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
The Media ◽  
Regional Or Minority Languages ◽  
The Eu

This article reviews the 2019 international developments related to cultural activities and facilities as well as issues concerning media in the context of European minorities. Among the highlights are the preliminary views delivered by the UN Human Rights Committee concerning the cultural autonomy of the Sami indigenous peoples in Finland in Sanila-Aikio v. Finland and Käkkäläjärvi et al. v. Finland, the 2019 International Year of Indigenous Languages, and the EU Council Recommendation on a comprehensive approach to the teaching and learning of languages. The theme of biand multilingual education is enhanced within UNESCO, the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, and the EU.

scholarly journals The Council of Europe and the European Union frameworks in the legal protection of minority languages: unity or diversity?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-366
Author(s):  
Alessia Vacca
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Treaty Of Lisbon ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
Charter Of Fundamental Rights ◽  
Regional Or Minority Languages

This article focuses on the comparison between European Union Law and Council of Europe Law in the field of the protection of minority languages and looks at the relationships between the two systems. The Council of Europe has been very important in the protection of minority languages, having created two treaties of particular relevance: the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in 1992 and the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities in 1995; both treaties contain many detailed provisions relating to minority languages. Not all countries, even of the European Union, have ratified these treaties. 12 out of 27 EU countries did not ratify the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. The European Union supports multilingualism because it wants to achieve unity while maintaining diversity. Important steps, with respect to minority languages, were taken in the European Community, notably in the form of European Parliament Resolutions. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, approved in Nice the 7th December 2000, contains art. 21 and art. 22 related to this topic. The Treaty of Lisbon makes a cross reference to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union which is, consequently, legally binding under the Treaty of Lisbon since December 2009. The Charter could give ground for appeal to the European Court of Justice in cases of discrimination on the grounds of language

scholarly journals The problem of developing multilingualism skills in the European educational context

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Mariya Vynarchyk
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Regional Or Minority Languages

The scientific article explores the problem of developing multilingualism skills in the European educational context. For this purpose, the task was to analyze the conditions and ways of realizing the problem of multilingualism in the modern educational field and to study the features of European multilingualism in the context of cultural diversity. The methodology of the study is based on the coverage and analysis of cognitive and practical multilingualism skills. European education policy is analyzed. Addressing the issue of multilingualism is one of the most important activities of the Council of Europe, the European Commission and is covered by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages and in numerous resolutions of international conferences and symposia. It is established that one of the main goals of education in a democratic society is not only respect for human rights, but also the development of knowledge, skills and abilities of students, their preparation for life in civil society. Research has shown that multilingual people in Europe have advantages over monolinguals. More than half of all Europeans say they speak at least one language other than their mother tongue. The study showed that multilingualism is beneficial for people who are supporters of intercultural and linguistic interaction based on tolerance and humanism. Modern European educational policy is aimed at developing multilingual skills. This demonstrates the importance and timeliness of solving the problem in the educational environment with the active support of students and teachers, the financial capacity of European educational programs and projects of governments of leading European countries. As part of this task, it is important to actively support the mobility of students and teachers, to develop scientific cooperation, cultural interaction. Thanks to the intensive development of multilingual skills, it is possible to achieve the required level of language competence of students as a basis for their further learning and self-improvement. Since the modern educational community is focused on the highest human values, the personal development of schoolchildren and students is considered a priority for the functioning of European educational institutions.

Religious Pluralism and Human Rights in Europe: Where to Draw the Line? Religion, Secular Beliefs and Human Rights, 25 Years After the 1981 Declaration

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-544
Author(s):  
Nazila Ghanea
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Freedom Of Religion ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
The Social ◽  
Vexing Question ◽  
Do So

AbstractThese two books address the vexing question of human rights and freedom of religion or belief essentially in two different contexts and from two different perspectives: the European and the international. They do so in a broad manner, addressing the social, political, legal and policy implications of religion at large as well as freedom of religion or belief itself. From an overview of both, it can be seen that neither minority rights, cultural rights, freedom of expression nor freedom of association compensate the absence of freedom of religion or belief in human rights terms.

Linguistic Minority Rights in the Danish-German Border Region: Reciprocity and Public Administration Policies

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tove H. Malloy ◽  
Sonja Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Linguistic Minority ◽  
National Minorities ◽  
The Government ◽  
Regional Or Minority Languages

Language equality is not public policy in Denmark or Germany, and neither country has adopted an official state language constitutionally. Both countries protect minority languages through regional and local statutes on culture and education and have signed relevant international standards on linguistic rights for minorities and protection of regional or minority languages. Neither system is very transparent, nor comprehensive. This has created consternation and dissatisfaction among the national minorities residing in the Danish-German border region resulting in recent tensions in the municipalities in Southern Denmark, whereas the government of Schleswig-Holstein decided in 2015 to address the issue with policy reforms for public administration. This article focuses on linguistic minority rights in the Danish-German border region with specific attention to minority languages in public administration and specifically to the on-going reforms in Schleswig-Holstein.

scholarly journals Polityczne konsekwencje nowelizacji ustaw medialnych w Polsce w latach 2015‑2016

Politeja ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (55) ◽  
pp. 285-307
Author(s):  
Maciej Miżejewski
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
The Public ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Full Control ◽  
Public Media ◽  
Media Pluralism ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject

The Political Consequences of the Amendments to the Media Laws in Poland in 2015-2016Public media in Poland have become the subject of strong political pressure from the current government. This is demonstrated by the legislative initiatives undertaken to take full control of the circulation of information by the executive. According to the opposition, as well as the European institutions (the Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights, Council of Europe) the implemented legislative solutions posed a threat to media pluralism, constitutional guarantees of freedom of expression, and their task is only to consolidate power. Depriving the public media of the function of the public debate forum makes them an instrument in the hands of government administration.

Violation of Cultural Rights of Kurds in Turkey

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Pierse
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
National Unity ◽  
State Action ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Turkish Constitution ◽  
The Right ◽  
Positive State

The Turkish Constitution and legal system are based on the overriding principle of ‘national unity’ and do not permit the recognition of minority rights. This in itself is not inconsistent with the European Convention which does not protect minority rights as such. Therefore, while certain restrictions on the private use of Kurdish language and other Kurdish cultural expressions may fall foul of the right to freedom of expression and the rights to non-discrimination guaranteed under the Convention, other Kurdish cultural demands, for example for Kurdish language education would arguably fall outside the protection of the Convention. That minorities may sometimes need positive State assistance in order to promote their own identity has been recognised in recent minority rights instruments that have been adopted, inter alia, by the Council of Europe. This might encourage the interpretation of certain provisions of the Convention as including some positive State obligations to ensure the rights of minorities to express their own identity in the same way as other Convention rights have been interpreted as requiring positive State action for their fulfilment.

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