Lectotype of Solidago ×niederederi (Asteraceae) selected from a recently rediscovered original material

Solidago ×niederederi Khek (1905: 22) is a hybrid between North-American S. canadensis Linnaeus (1753: 878) and European native S. virgaurea Linnaeus (1753: 880). Solidago canadensis was introduced to Europe in the 17th century (Kowarik 2003). It has spread invasively throughout Europe since the second half of the 19th century (Weber 1998), reaching, besides sites disturbed by human activity, also (semi)natural biotopes, as forest edges, abandoned meadows and field margins which are often inhabited by native S. virgaurea. Their hybrid was discovered for the first time in nature by a local schoolmaster Franz Niedereder in the area of Vorderstoder village (Austria). Niedereder sent a plant material of the assumed hybrid to Eugen Johan Khek (born in 1861, Neuhaus/Jindřichov Hradec; died in 1927, Vienna), the pharmacist and botanist who lived in Vienna since 1889 (Anonymous 1916). Khek described the hybrid species under the name S. ×niederederi in honour of his discoverer (Khek 1905). The protologue indicates that the relevant communication between Niedereder and Khek was going on between July 1900 (when they met for the first time) and February 1905 (when the hybrid’s description was published). Before its description, Khek studied the hybrid for four years and he saw a herbarium material from Niedereder as well as a living material. In the protologue, no particular herbarium specimens or illustrations had been indicated or associated with S. ×niederederi (Khek 1905).

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Taxonomic notes on hexapogon irises (Iridaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.328.3.8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 328 (3) ◽

pp. 291

Author(s):

EUGENY V. BOLTENKOV

Keyword(s):

Relevant Literature ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Original Material ◽

Central Asian ◽

Desert Regions ◽

First Time ◽

Central Asian Republics

The taxonomic notes in this article are based on the result of an analysis of the protologues, relevant literature, and a study of herbarium specimens of Iris sect. Hexapogon. This section comprises species with bearded claw in both outer and inner segments of perianth. These are relatively poorly known psammophytes occurring mostly in the desert and semi-desert regions of some of the former Soviet Central Asian republics, as well as in Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan (Baluchistan). It is now generally accepted that I. sect. Hexapogon comprises two species, I. falcifolia and I. longiscapa. The present study has shown that this section contains only I. longiscapa. The name I. falcifolia is for the first time reduced to a synonym of I. longiscapa. A neotype for the name I. longiscapa and lectotypes for the names I. falcifolia and I. filifolia are designated. Notes are provided on the original material for all the three considered names.

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The biosystematics of the genus Lotus (Leguminosae) in Canada. I. Cytotaxonomy

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b68-083 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 557-583 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ilse I. Zandstra ◽

William F. Grant

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Cytological Study ◽

Tube Length ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

The North ◽

Size Number ◽

Single Genus ◽

Living Material ◽

Peduncle Length ◽

First Time

A morphological and cytological study of native and introduced Lotus species found in Canada has been conducted on both living material and on over 600 herbarium specimens from 20 Canadian and American herbaria. Illustrations of flowers, seed, ovaries and styles, habit, and geographical distribution for each species are given. Five native species, L. denticulatus (E. Drew) Greene (annual (A), self-fertilized (S), 2n = 12), L. formosissimus Greene (perennial (P), outcrossing (O), 2n = 14), L. micranthus Benth. (A, S, 2n = 14), L. pinnatus Hook. (P, O, 2n = 14), and L. purshianus (Benth.) Clem. and Clem. (A, S, 2n = 14), and four introduced species, L. corniculatus L. (P, O, 2n = 24), L. krylovii Schischk. and Serg. (A, S, 2n = 12), L. pedunculatus Cav. (P, O, 2n = 12), and L. tenuis Waldst. et Kit. (P, O, 2n = 12) were found in Canada. Chromosome numbers are reported for the first time for L. formosissimus, L. micranthus, and L. pinnatus. Drawings of karyotypes and idiograms based on chromosome analyses are presented. Morphological observations made include style shape, pollen size and shape, seed size, number of flowers, length of standard, calyx index (length of calyx/length of calyx tube), length of peduncle, length of legume, length of petiole, and central leaflet index (leaflet length/leaflet width). Results of hydrocyanide tests on leaves of the native species were negative. The relationships of the different taxa are discussed and it is considered that both the North American and Old World species should be included in a single genus Lotus.

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The revision of lichens, lichenicolous and non-lichenized fungi from the Vodlozersky National Park (Republic of Karelia, Russia) in the Herbarium of the Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki

Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii ◽

10.31111/nsnr/2019.53.2.337 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 337-348

Author(s):

V. N. Tarasova ◽

T. Ahti ◽

O. Vitikainen ◽

A. V. Sonina ◽

L. Myllys

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Common Species ◽

Lichenized Fungi ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Lichenicolous Fungi ◽

Biogeographic Province ◽

Botanical Museum ◽

The Republic ◽

First Time ◽

Lichen Flora

This is a report of a revision of 565 herbarium specimens of lichens, lichenicolous or non-lichenized fungi and additional locality records of common species produced from a visit of the Russian-Finnish expedition to Vodlozersky National Park right after its foundation in 1991. The analyzed collection and field records represent the earliest information about the lichen flora of the territory of the park. In total, 177 species are listed including 173 lichens, 3 non-lichenized and 1 lichenicolous fungi. Xylographa rubescens is new to the Republic of Karelia. Twenty two species are reported for the first time for biogeographic province Karelia transonegensis; 47 species for the Karelian part of Vodlozersky National Park; and 17 species for the whole territory of the park.

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Bonobos

10.1093/oso/9780198728511.001.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Keyword(s):

19Th Century ◽

Historical Data ◽

Line Drawings ◽

History Of ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

First Time

This is a comprehensive, illustrated catalogue of the 200+ marine chronometers in the collections of Royal Museums Greenwich. Every chronometer has been completely dismantled, studied and recorded, and illustrations include especially commissioned line drawings as well as photographs. The collection is also used to illustrate a newly researched and up-to-date chapter describing the history of the marine chronometer, so the book is much more than simply a catalogue. The history chapter naturally includes the story of John Harrison’s pioneering work in creating the first practical marine timekeepers, all four of which are included in the catalogue, newly photographed and described in minute detail for the first time. In fact full technical and historical data are provided for all of the marine chronometers in the collection, to an extent never before attempted, including biographical details of every maker represented. A chapter describes how the 19th century English chronometer was manufactured, and another provides comprehensive and logically arranged information on how to assess and date a given marine chronometer, something collectors and dealers find particularly difficult. For further help in identification of chronometers, appendices include a pictorial record of the number punches used by specific makers to number their movements, and the maker’s punches used by the rough movement makers. There is also a close-up pictorial guide to the various compensation balances used in chronometers in the collection, a technical Glossary of terms used in the catalogue text and a concordance of the various inventory numbers used in the collection over the years.

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Catalogue of the primatological collection of the Torino University

Natural History Sciences ◽

10.4081/nhs.2016.286 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 3 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mara Calvini ◽

Maria Stella Siori ◽

Spartaco Gippoliti ◽

Marco Pavia

Keyword(s):

20Th Century ◽

19Th Century ◽

Great Part ◽

Type Specimen ◽

Zoological Garden ◽

Historical Material ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

First Time

The revised catalogue of primatological material stored in the Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali of Torino and in the Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi of the Università degli Studi di Torino and belonging to the historical material of the Torino University is introduced. The material, 494 specimens belonging to 399 individuals of 122 taxa, is of particular importance since specimens were mainly obtained during the 19th Century and the beginning of the 20th Century. A relevant part of the collection was created by the collaborators of the Museum, among which it is worth to mention F. De Filippi, A. Borelli and E. Festa, while other material came from purchases and donations from private people or the Royal Zoological Garden of Torino. Great part of the specimens is stuffed but also the osteological materials are of particular importance, as many of them derived from the specimens before being prepared and consisting of skulls or more or less complete skeletons. After this revision, the Lectotype and Paralectotypes of Alouatta palliata aequatorialis have been selected, and the type-specimen of the brunnea variety of Cebus albifrons cuscinus has been recognized. In addition, some specimens of particular historical-scientific importance have also been identified and here presented for the first time.

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A Synopsis of Orthotrichum s. lato (Bryophyta, Orthotrichaceae) in China, with Distribution Maps and a Key to Determination

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10030499 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 499

Author(s):

Vítězslav Plášek ◽

Zuzana Komínková ◽

Ryszard Ochyra ◽

Lucie Fialová ◽

Shuiliang Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Species ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

First Time

A total of 46 species and two varieties of the traditionally interpreted genus Orthotrichum are currently known to occur in China. They represent five genera, including Orthotrichum (29 species), Lewinskya (14 species and two varieties), and Nyholmiella and Leratia that are represented by a single species each. The fifth genus Florschuetziella, also consisting of only one species, F. scaberrima, is an entirely neglected representative of the China’s moss flora. A list of all accepted taxa is presented and for each taxon all literature records and herbarium specimens are enumerated for provinces in which they have been recorded, and their distribution is mapped. A key to determination of Chinese orthotrichalean mosses is presented. A chronological list of 63 species and varieties and two designations, O. catagonioides and O. microsporum which have never been validly published, reported from China in the years 1892–2020 is presented. Four species, Orthotrichum brasii, O. hooglandii, O. elegans and O. gymnostomum are excluded from the bryoflora of China and Lewinskya affinis var. bohemica and Orthotrichum schimperi are recorded for the first time from this country. Phytogeography of the Chinese taxa of the orthotrichalean mosses is considered and they are grouped into eight phytogeographical elements and five sub-elements.

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Microhabitat use of different age groups of snake-eyed skink and Eastern green lizard

Amphibia-Reptilia ◽

10.1163/15685381-00003039 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 191-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dániel Kovács ◽

István Kiss

Keyword(s):

Habitat Management ◽

Age Groups ◽

Carpathian Basin ◽

Microhabitat Use ◽

Forest Edges ◽

Environmental Niche ◽

The Balkans ◽

Natural Grasslands ◽

Lacerta Viridis ◽

First Time

Although Ablepharus kitaibelii and its subspecies are wide-spread, being distributed from the Carpathian Basin through the Balkans to Iraq, their habitat and environmental niche is poorly known. Ablepharus kitaibelii fitzingeri is almost entirely limited to the Carpathian Basin, and is amongst the most strictly protected and least known reptiles of Central and Eastern Europe. The main aim of our study was to determine habitat use preferences of different age groups of A. kitaibelii fitzingeri and Lacerta viridis. The occurrence of green lizard was determined by the abundance of refugia rather than by the naturalness of grasslands. The snake-eyed skink prefers semi-natural grasslands with abundant tussock-forming grass or sedge species, avoiding densely shrubby places. For the first time, we show that woodland mosaics lacking shrubs and temporary grasslands next to forest edges are important for the species. Microhabitat use by snake-eyed skink varies with age group; adults preferring shady edge zones rich in leaf litter and shadier grassland spots provided by woodland mosaics, whereas juveniles were found in natural, more open grasslands far from forest edges and in woodland mosaics with dense shrubby understory. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the ecological needs of A. kitaibelii fitzingeri. Our methodology could be adapted to other species and subspecies of Ablepharus. Based on our results, it is important to reconsider habitat management activities, which should not be limited to shrub control: the main goal should be the development of a diverse habitat structure.

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Microwave drying of plant material for herbarium specimens and genetic analysis

Taxon ◽

10.12705/624.33 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 790-797 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tonya A. Lander ◽

Bernadeta Dadonaite ◽

Alex K. Monro

Keyword(s):

Genetic Analysis ◽

Plant Material ◽

Microwave Drying ◽

Herbarium Specimens

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Giovanni Aldini: From Animal Electricity to Human Brain Stimulation

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100003851 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 576-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

André Parent

Keyword(s):

Electric Current ◽

Brain Stimulation ◽

Experimental Physics ◽

Influential Book ◽

The University ◽

Luigi Galvani ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

First Time ◽

Deep Brain ◽

Crucial Experiments

Two hundred years ago, Giovanni Aldini published a highly influential book that reported experiments in which the principles of Luigi Galvani (animal electricity) and Alessandro Volta (bimetallic electricity) were used together for the first time. Aldini was born in Bologna in 1762 and graduated in physics at the University of his native town in 1782. As nephew and assistant of Galvani, he actively participated in a series of crucial experiments with frog's muscles that led to the idea that electricity was the long-sought vital force coursing from brain to muscles. Aldini became professor of experimental physics at the University of Bologna in 1798. He traveled extensively throughout Europe, spending much time defending the concept of his discreet uncle against the incessant attacks of Volta, who did not believe in animal electricity. Aldini used Volta's bimetallic pile to apply electric current to dismembered bodies of animals and humans; these spectacular galvanic reanimation experiments made a strong and enduring impression on his contemporaries. Aldini also treated patients with personality disorders and reported complete rehabilitation following transcranial administration of electric current. Aldini's work laid the ground for the development of various forms of electrotherapy that were heavily used later in the 19th century. Even today, deep brain stimulation, a procedure currently employed to relieve patients with motor or behavioral disorders, owes much to Aldini and galvanism. In recognition of his merits, Aldini was made a knight of the Iron Crown and a councillor of state at Milan, where he died in 1834.

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De windmolen

Tijdschrift voor Historische Geografie ◽

10.5117/thg2020.1.002.baze ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 17-32

Author(s):

JOS BAZELMANS

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

19Th Century ◽

Turn Of The Century ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

First Time ◽

At Home

The windmill. The origins of a Dutch icon The windmill is an icon of the Netherlands. But when did this instrument acquire this symbolic role at home and abroad? After all, mills are also common outside of the Netherlands. In this essay, it is argued that during the second half of the 19th century, foreigners systematically identified the Netherlands and the windmill for the first time. More than in other countries, there was a varied use of mills in the Netherlands, large and robust mills and clusters of industrial mills. Within the Netherlands itself, development towards an iconic position is only visible around the turn of the century when the mill turned out to be a plus in tourist recruitment abroad and when mills were slowly disappearing from the landscape.

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