Rediscovery of Oocephalus foliosus (Hyptidinae—Lamiaceae): notes on taxonomy and conservation of a species endemic to the campo rupestre of Central Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 525 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
ARTHUR DE SOUZA SOARES ◽  
RAQUEL NEGRÃO ◽  
RAYMOND MERVYN HARLEY ◽  
JOSÉ FLORIANO BARÊA PASTORE ◽  
JOMAR GOMES JARDIM
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Species Description ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Narrow Area

Oocephalus foliosus was described in the first half of 19th century, based on a collection from central Goiás state, Brazil, being collected again only three times in surrounding areas. Although this species seems to be rare and endemic to a narrow area, it has never been listed on any threatened list or had its conservation status assessed. Recently, we recorded a small population of O. foliosus in the Pireneus peak, an area of campo rupestre located in the municipality of Pirenópolis, Goiás, allowing us to improve the species description, assess its extinction risk and comment on its taxonomy. Also, a second step lectotypification was needed to the species and is here proposed.

scholarly journals Conservation biology of threatened Mediterranean chasmophytes: The case of Asperula naufraga endemic to Zakynthos island (Ionian islands, Greece)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Thalassini Valli ◽  
Vassiliki Lila Koumandou ◽  
Gregoris Iatrou ◽  
Marios Andreou ◽  
Vasileios Papasotiropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Ionian Islands ◽  
Small Population Size ◽  
Area Of Occupancy

Asperula naufraga is a rare and threatened obligate chasmophyte, endemic to Zakynthos island (Ionian islands, Greece). In this study, we provide a combined approach (including monitoring of demographic and reproductive parameters and study of genetic diversity) to assess the current conservation status of the species and to estimate its future extinction risk. The five subpopulations of A. naufraga were monitored for five years (2014–2018). Population size markedly fluctuated between 68–130 mature individuals during the monitoring period. The extent of occurrence (EOO) was estimated at 28.7 km2 and the area of occupancy (AOO) was 8 km2. Stage-structure recordings were similar for all subpopulations, characterized by high proportions of adult and senescent individuals, following a common pattern, which has been observed in other cliff-dwelling plants. Preliminary genetic analysis with SSRs markers revealed low heterozygosity within subpopulations and significant departure from H-W equilibrium, which combined with small population size suggest increased threat of genetic diversity loss. Our results indicate that the species should be placed in the Critically Endangered (CR) IUCN threat category, while according to Population Viability Analysis results its extinction risk increases to 47.8% in the next 50 years. The small population size combined with large fluctuations in its size, low recruitment and low genetic diversity, indicate the need of undertaking effective in situ and ex situ conservation measures.

Reestablishment and recircumscription of Paepalanthus elatus (Eriocaulaceae, Poales), a threatened micro-endemic species from northern Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 440 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-185
Author(s):  
LIVIA ECHTERNACHT ◽  
AMBAR SOLDEVILA ◽  
MARINA BEIRÃO
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
Type Collection ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
Serra Do Cipó ◽  
Reproductive Characters ◽  
First Time

Although described as a distinct species, Paepalanthus elatus is currently considered as a variety of P. argenteus and known only from the type collection. Here, we perform the most comprehensive morphological analysis of P. elatus to date, derived from field and herbaria observations, including morphometry of vegetative and reproductive characters. The results support reestablishment of the taxon at species level. A recircumscription of the taxon is provided based on a complete description. The pistillate flowers are described in detail for the first time. We present notes on phenology, conservation status, and taxonomy, including a second-step lectotypification of the name Paepalanthus elatus, together with detailed photographs of living plants and a distribution map. Paepalanthus elatus is micro-endemic to a district called Fechados, Santana do Pirapama municipality, northern Serra do Cipó, in the Campo Rupestre vegetation of the Espinhaço Range, and should be considered critically endangered according to IUCN criteria. Our recognition of P. elatus as an accepted species raises the number of species of P. subg. Xeractis to 29.

First record of the rare Dyckia racemosa Baker (Bromeliaceae) in Maranhão state (northeastern Brazil), with an update on the species description, geographic distribution, and conservation status

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 349 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
ELIDIO A.E. GUARÇONI ◽  
REGIS E. BASTIAN ◽  
EDUARDO O. SILVA ◽  
ALESSANDRO W. C. FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Original Description ◽  
First Record ◽  
Species Description ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
Floristic Studies

Dyckia racemosa is a Bromeliaceae species known from only three collections near Serra Geral, Central Brazil. In this study, the area of occurrence of the species is reported to extend to a Cerrado area in Maranhão state, northeastern Brazil. Digital collections from Brazilian and international herbaria were consulted. The species original description is complemented herein with illustrations and information on the species phenology, ecology, and conservation status. The discovery of D. racemosa in Maranhão demonstrates the importance of floristic studies and the need for further research of this nature in that Brazilian state.

MONUMENTS OF NATURE AND HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL OBJECTS OF THE DNISTROVSKYI RLP: THE STATE OF PROTECTION AND THE PROSPECTS OF TOURIST USE

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-87
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
Cultural Sites ◽  
New Information ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Tourist Infrastructure ◽  
Historical Sites ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Recreational Resources

The existing nature conservation objects that are part of the Dnistrovskyi Regional Landscape Park are characterized and mapped. There are more than sixty different types of WFD objects in and around the park. All objects are tabulated. Also, geological, geomorphological, hydrological objects have been identified that have scientific, recreational and educational value, which gives grounds for granting them conservation status. This is a large number of rocks of different ages (Silurian, Devonian, Jurassic, Cretaceous), which makes it possible to study the history and condition sof the territory. The location is mapped. Also on the map as places of interest are the places of manifestation of modern geomorphological processes. Fluvial, karst, gravity, erosion and other processes are most evidentin the park. The dynamics of karst processes haveled to the formation of numerous caves and cave formations, which are valuable from the scientific and recreational plan. A mong the hydrological and hydro-geological features are waterfalls, marshe sand ground water exits to the surface in the form of springs. Historical and cultural sites occurring with in and around the park are characterized and mapped. The seare objects of Paleolithic heritage (the oldestin Bukivna, Horodnytsia), Kievan Rus' period, ruins of ancient castles (Rakovetsky and Chekrnelitsky) and fotresses, lordlye states, ancient churches, of which there are more than thirty, existing and in active in the region. The most ancient are the village of Michalce), monuments of liberation competitions (hiding places) and places of great historical battles. It maps and describes the existing route sand objects of the tourist infrastructure of the Dnistrovskyi RLP. The park and surrounding areas haves ignificant natural and recreational potential. The presence of a large number of diverse natural sites make sit possible to create attractions for tourism development in the region. The presence of historical and cultural heritage en hances the use of the territory. New routes and proposals for improvement of the tourist infrastructure of the territory were developed: creation of an eco-educational visit center, placement of agroosel complexes, arrangement of places for stops during the Dniester alloys, creation of a network of tourist points at the places of passage of route sand places of rest of residents, development and in stallation of new information standsne are xisting tourist natural and historical sites in the study area. Key words: Dnistrovskyi RLR, Nature Reserve objects, historical and cultural sites, nature monuments, recreational resources, tourism.

scholarly journals Global extinction risk for seahorses, pipefishes and their near relatives (Syngnathiformes)

Oryx ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Riley A. Pollom ◽  
Gina M. Ralph ◽  
Caroline M. Pollock ◽  
Amanda C.J. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Data Deficient

Abstract Few marine taxa have been comprehensively assessed for their conservation status, despite heavy pressures from fishing, habitat degradation and climate change. Here we report on the first global assessment of extinction risk for 300 species of syngnathiform fishes known as of 2017, using the IUCN Red List criteria. This order of bony teleosts is dominated by seahorses, pipefishes and seadragons (family Syngnathidae). It also includes trumpetfishes (Aulostomidae), shrimpfishes (Centriscidae), cornetfishes (Fistulariidae) and ghost pipefishes (Solenostomidae). At least 6% are threatened, but data suggest a mid-point estimate of 7.9% and an upper bound of 38%. Most of the threatened species are seahorses (Hippocampus spp.: 14/42 species, with an additional 17 that are Data Deficient) or freshwater pipefishes of the genus Microphis (2/18 species, with seven additional that are Data Deficient). Two species are Near Threatened. Nearly one-third of syngnathiformes (97 species) are Data Deficient and could potentially be threatened, requiring further field research and evaluation. Most species (61%) were, however, evaluated as Least Concern. Primary threats to syngnathids are (1) overexploitation, primarily by non-selective fisheries, for which most assessments were determined by criterion A (Hippocampus) and/or (2) habitat loss and degradation, for which assessments were determined by criterion B (Microphis and some Hippocampus). Threatened species occurred in most regions but more are found in East and South-east Asia and in South African estuaries. Vital conservation action for syngnathids, including constraining fisheries, particularly non-selective extraction, and habitat protection and rehabilitation, will benefit many other aquatic species.

scholarly journals Conservation Status of Marine Biodiversity in Oceania: An Analysis of Marine Species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth A. Polidoro ◽  
Cristiane T. Elfes ◽  
Jonnell C. Sanciangco ◽  
Helen Pippard ◽  
Kent E. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Threatened Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
Conservation Action

Given the economic and cultural dependence on the marine environment in Oceania and a rapidly expanding human population, many marine species populations are in decline and may be vulnerable to extinction from a number of local and regional threats. IUCN Red List assessments, a widely used system for quantifying threats to species and assessing species extinction risk, have been completed for 1190 marine species in Oceania to date, including all known species of corals, mangroves, seagrasses, sea snakes, marine mammals, sea birds, sea turtles, sharks, and rays present in Oceania, plus all species in five important perciform fish groups. Many of the species in these groups are threatened by the modification or destruction of coastal habitats, overfishing from direct or indirect exploitation, pollution, and other ecological or environmental changes associated with climate change. Spatial analyses of threatened species highlight priority areas for both site- and species-specific conservation action. Although increased knowledge and use of newly available IUCN Red List assessments for marine species can greatly improve conservation priorities for marine species in Oceania, many important fish groups are still in urgent need of assessment.

scholarly journals Increasing accuracy: The advantage of using open access species occurrence database in the Red List assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyan Robiansyah ◽  
Wita Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Extent Of Occurrence ◽  
Area Of Occupancy

Abstract. Robiansyah I, Wardani W. 2020. Increasing accuracy: The advantage of using open access species occurrence database in the Red List assessment. Biodiversitas 21: 3658-3664. IUCN Red List is the most widely used instrument to assess and advise the extinction risk of a species. One of the criteria used in IUCN Red List is geographical range of the species assessed (criterion B) in the form of extent of occurrence (EOO) and/or area of occupancy (AOO). While this criterion is presumed to be the easiest to be completed as it is based mainly on species occurrence data, there are some assessments that failed to maximize freely available databases. Here, we reassessed the conservation status of Cibotium arachnoideum, a tree fern distributed in Sumatra and Borneo. This species was previously assessed by Praptosuwiryo (2020, Biodiversitas 21 (4): 1379-1384) which classified the species as Endangered (EN) under criteria B2ab(i,ii,iii); C2a(ii). Using additional data from herbarium specimens recorded in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) website and from peer-reviewed scientific papers, in the present paper we show that C. arachnoideum has a larger extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO), more locations and different conservation status compared to those in Praptosuwiryo (2020). Our results are supported by the predicted suitable habitat map of C. arachnoideum produced by MaxEnt modelling method. Based on our assessment, we propose the category of Vulnerable (VU) C2a(i) as the global conservation status for C. arachnoideum. Our study implies the advantage of using open access databases to increase the accuracy of extinction risk assessment under the IUCN Red List criteria in regions like Indonesia, where adequate taxonomical information is not always readily available.

scholarly journals A new species of Cochemiea (Cactaceae, Cacteae) from Sinaloa, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leccinum Jesús García Morales ◽  
Rodrigo Homero González González ◽  
Jesús García Jiménez ◽  
Duilio Iamonico
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
The North ◽  
Hummingbird Pollination ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
A New Species

Background and Aims: Cochemiea is a genus which currently comprises five species occurring in Mexico. It is morphologically characterized by cylindrical decumbent to prostrate stems and by a long red-scarlet zygomorphic perianth, presumably specialized for hummingbird pollination. As part ofthe ongoing taxonomic studies on the North Mexican flora, a population discovered by Thomas Linzen in 2012 in central Sinaloa (Mexico), previously identified as Mammillaria sp., actually refers to a Cochemiea species and cannot be ascribed to any of the known species of that genus. As a consequence,we here propose to describe this population as a a new species for science.Methods: The work is based on field surveys (autumn 2018 and spring 2019) in central Sinaloa, examination of herbarium specimens, and analysis of relevant literature. Its conservation status was assessed following the guidelines of the IUCN; AOO and EOO were calculated with the programGeoCAT.Key results: Cochemiea thomasii is described and illustrated from Sinaloa. The new species is morphologically similar to C. halei from which it differs by the hanging stems, the larger conical tubercles, less numerous and shorter central spines, and the ovoid fruits. A diagnostic key of the knownCochemiea species is included.Conclusions: Cochemiea thomasii is endemic to the state of Sinaloa where it occupies a small area. On the basis of the criteria B2a (geographic range) and C (small population) of IUCN, the new species can be assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) or Vulnerable (VU). Adopting the precautionary approach, Cochemiea thomasii is considered as Critically Endangered (CR).

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