Phylogeny and biogeography of the Enhydris clade (Serpentes: Homalopsidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2452 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
DARYL R. KARNS ◽  
VIMOKSALEHI LUKOSCHEK ◽  
JENNIFER OSTERHAGE ◽  
JOHN C. MURPHY ◽  
HAROLD K. VORIS
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Substantial Portion ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses ◽  
Water Snakes

Previous molecular phylogenetic hypotheses for the Homalopsidae, the Oriental-Australian Rear-fanged Water Snakes indicate that Enhydris, the most speciose genus in the Homalopsidae (22 of 37 species), is polyphyletic and may consist of five separate lineages. We expand on earlier phylogenetic hypotheses using three mitochondrial fragments and one nuclear gene, previously shown to be rapidly evolving in snakes, to determine relationships among six closely related species: Enhydris enhydris, E. subtaeniata, E. chinensis, E. innominata, E. jagorii, and E. longicauda. Four of these species (E. subtaeniata, E. innominata, E. jagorii, and E. longicauda) are restricted to river basins in Indochina, while E. chinensis is found in southern China and E. enhydris is widely distributed from India across Southeast Asia. Our phylogenetic analyses indicate that these species are monophyletic and we recognize this clade as the Enhydris clade sensu stricto for nomenclatural reasons. Our analysis shows that E. chinensis is sister-species to a well-supported clade comprising the remaining species of the Enhydris clade (mean p distance between E. chinensis and other in-group taxa was 13.1%, range: 12.7-13.4%). Enhydris innominata, E. longicauda and E. jagorii also formed a strongly supported clade with very low interspecific p distances (mean 0.28%, range: 0–0.46%). We were unable to resolve relationships between E. enhydris and E. subtaeniata (mean divergence of 9.4%, range: 9.2-9.7%), and between these two species and E. innominata, E. longicauda and E. jagorii. We summarize classical morphological (scalation and coloration) characteristics of these species in the context of the molecular phylogeny. The Enhydris clade comprises a substantial portion of the vertebrate biomass of Southeast Asia and we discuss aspects of its biogeography, morphology and systematics.

A description of the second species of the genus Bleptus Eaton, 1885 (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from Japan, and phylogenetic relationships of two Bleptus mayflies inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4974 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-360
Author(s):  
KOJI TOJO ◽  
KEN MIYAIRI ◽  
YUTO KATO ◽  
AYANA SAKANO ◽  
TOMOYA SUZUKI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Black Band ◽  
Relationship Of

A new mayfly species, Bleptus michinokuensis sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) is described on the basis of specimens of male and female adults and mature nymphs collected at a seepage zone of a small freshwater branch of the ‘Tachiya-zawa-gawa’ River located amongst the northern foothills of Mt. Gassan (Shonai-machi Town, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan). This new Bleptus species is characterized by its clear fore and hind wings. That is, they neither exhibit the distinct black band on the fore wings, nor the characteristic darkened margins along the edges of both the fore and hind wings. Rather it has a blackish colored terminal half of its fore legs (i.e., tibial, tarsal and pretarsal segments). These features differ clearly when comparing them to the other known species, Bleptus fasciatus Eaton. The information and data describing the habitat and distribution range of this new species are also noted. We also examined and discussed the genetic relationship of two Bleptus mayflies to settle the taxonomic status, inferred from the partially sequenced cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and large mitochondrial ribosomal subunit (16S rRNA) genes, and also the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) gene sequences. Consequently, phenetic and molecular phylogenetic analyses agreed well in terms of clustering. 

A molecular phylogenetic and DNA barcode assessment of the tribe Pterosiphonieae (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) emphasizing the Northeast Pacific

Botany ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 917-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Savoie ◽  
Gary W. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
North American ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
North American Species ◽  
African Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Sequence data (COI-5P and rbcL) for North American members of the tribe Pterosiphonieae were compared with collections from around the world. Phylogenetic analyses resolved Pterosiphonia as polyphyletic and many species required transfer to other genera. In our analyses Pterosiphonia sensu stricto included only the type species P. cloiophylla (C. Agardh) Falkenberg and P. complanata (Clemente) Falkenberg, as well as the South African species P. stegengae sp. nov. A new genus, Xiphosiphonia gen. nov., was described for X. ardreana (Maggs & Hommersand) comb. nov., X. pennata (C. Agardh) comb. nov., and X. pinnulata (Kützing) comb. nov. Some Asian, European and North American species previously attributed to Pterosiphonia were transferred to Symphyocladia including S. baileyi (Harvey) comb. nov., S. dendroidea (Montagne) comb. nov., S. plumosa nom. nov. (for P. gracilis Kylin), and S. tanakae (S. Uwai & M. Masuda) comb. nov. We also described two new North American species, Symphyocladia brevicaulis sp. nov. and S. rosea sp. nov. Other species formed a well-supported clade for which the genus name Polyostea Ruprecht was resurrected. Included in Polyostea were P. arctica (J. Agardh) comb. nov., P. bipinnata (Postels & Ruprecht) Ruprecht, P. hamata (E.S. Sinova) comb. nov., and P. robusta (N.L. Gardner) comb. nov.

Cortinarius khinganensis (Agaricales), a new species of section Illumini from Northeast China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 500 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
MENG-LE XIE ◽  
TIE-ZHENG WEI ◽  
BÁLINT DIMA ◽  
YONG-PING FU ◽  
RUI-QING JI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

This study presents one telamonioid species new to science based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Cortinarius khinganensis was collected from the Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China and it is characterized by hygrophanous, vivid brownish red and striate pileus, white universal veil, and subglobose spores. According to phylogenetic analyses results, C. khinganensis belongs to the section Illumini, which is a lineage distantly related from subgenus Telamonia sensu stricto. Detailed descriptions of the new species and the comparisons with morphologically similar species are provided. The phylogenetic relationships within the section Illumini are also discussed.

scholarly journals A revision of dragon millipedes I: genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, with the description of eight new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 1-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruttapon Srisonchai ◽  
Henrik Enghoff ◽  
Natdanai Likhitrakarn ◽  
Somsak Panha
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
First Time

The dragon millipede genusDesmoxytess.l. is split into five genera, based on morphological characters and preliminary molecular phylogenetic analyses. The present article includes a review ofDesmoxytess.s., while future articles will deal withHylomusCook and Loomis, 1924 and three new genera which preliminarily are referred to as the ‘acantherpestes’, ‘gigas’, and ‘spiny’ groups. Diagnostic morphological characters of each group are discussed.Hylomusis resurrected as a valid genus and the following 33 species are assigned to it:H.asper(Attems, 1937),comb. n.,H.cattienensis(Nguyen, Golovatch & Anichkin, 2005),comb. n.,H.cervarius(Attems, 1953),comb. n.,H.cornutus(Zhang & Li, 1982),comb. n.,H.dracoCook & Loomis, 1924,stat. rev.,H.enghoffi(Nguyen, Golovatch & Anichkin, 2005),comb. n.,H.eupterygotus(Golovatch, Li, Liu & Geoffroy, 2012),comb. n.,H.getuhensis(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2014),comb. n.,H.grandis(Golovatch, VandenSpiegel & Semenyuk, 2016),comb. n.,H.hostilis(Golovatch & Enghoff, 1994),comb. n.,H.jeekeli(Golovatch & Enghoff, 1994),comb. n.,H.lingulatus(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2014),comb. n.,H.laticollis(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016),comb. n.,H.longispinus(Loksa, 1960),comb. n.,H.lui(Golovatch, Li, Liu & Geoffroy, 2012),comb. n.,H.minutuberculus(Zhang, 1986),comb. n.,H.nodulosus(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2014),comb. n.,H.parvulus(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2014),comb. n.,H.phasmoides(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016),comb. n.,H.pilosus(Attems, 1937),comb. n.,H.proximus(Nguyen, Golovatch & Anichkin, 2005),comb. n.,H.rhinoceros(Likhitrakarn, Golovatch & Panha, 2015),comb. n.,H.rhinoparvus(Likhitrakarn, Golovatch & Panha, 2015),comb. n.,H.scolopendroides(Golovatch, Geoffroy & Mauriès, 2010),comb. n.,H.scutigeroides(Golovatch, Geoffroy & Mauriès, 2010),comb. n.,H.similis(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016),comb. n.,H.simplex(Golovatch, VandenSpiegel & Semenyuk, 2016),comb. n.,H.simplipodus(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016),comb. n.,H.specialis(Nguyen, Golovatch & Anichkin, 2005),comb. n.,H.spectabilis(Attems, 1937),comb. n.,H.spinitergus(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016),comb. n.,H.spinissimus(Golovatch, Li, Liu & Geoffroy, 2012),comb. n.andH.variabilis(Liu, Golovatch & Tian, 2016),comb. n.Desmoxytess.s. includes the following species:D.breviverpaSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016;D.cervina(Pocock,1895);D.delfae(Jeekel, 1964);D.desSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016;D.pinnasqualiSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016;D.planata(Pocock, 1895);D.purpuroseaEnghoff, Sutcharit & Panha, 2007;D.takensisSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016;D.taurina(Pocock, 1895);D.terae(Jeekel, 1964), all of which are re-described based mainly on type material. Two new synonyms are proposed:DesmoxytespterygotaGolovatch & Enghoff, 1994,syn. n.(=Desmoxytescervina(Pocock, 1895)),DesmoxytesrubraGolovatch & Enghoff, 1994,syn. n.(=Desmoxytesdelfae(Jeekel, 1964)). Six new species are described from Thailand:D.aurataSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha,sp. n.,D.corythosaurusSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha,sp. n.,D.eurosSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha,sp. n.,D.flabellaSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha,sp. n.,D.golovatchiSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha,sp. n.,D.octoconigeraSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha,sp. n., as well as one from Malaysia:D.perakensisSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha,sp. n., and one from Myanmar:D.waepyanensisSrisonchai, Enghoff & Panha,sp. n.The species can mostly be easily distinguished by gonopod structure in combination with other external characters; some cases of particularly similar congeners are discussed. All species ofDesmoxytess.s. seem to be endemic to continental Southeast Asia (except the ‘tramp’ speciesD.planata). Some biological observations (relationship with mites, moulting) are recorded for the first time. Complete illustrations of external morphological characters, an identification key, and distribution maps of all species are provided.

scholarly journals Semiaquilegia danxiashanensis (Ranunculaceae), a new species from Danxia Shan in Guangdong, southern China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 405 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAN-JUN ZHOU ◽  
ZHANG-PING HUANG ◽  
JIA-HUI LI ◽  
SCOTT HODGES ◽  
WEI-SHENG DENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
F Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Northern Guangdong

Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, Semiaquilegia danxiashanensis, a new species from Danxia Shan in northern Guangdong, southern China, is described and illustrated. This species is easily distinguishable from each of other three known species in the genus by characters of the flowers and fruits. In addition, molecular phylogenetic analyses of both the nuclear ITS and the plastid trnL-F region strongly supported S. danxiashanensis as a separate species from other species of Semiaquilegia. We provide a detailed morphological and habitat description, distribution, as well as colour photographs and illustrations of the new species.

A study of molecular sequences, sexuality, and morphological variation in Plagiomnium carolinianum, P. maximoviczii, and P. rhynchophorum (Bryophyta, Mniaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 375 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
YAN-JUN YI ◽  
ZHEN-WEI SUN ◽  
SI HE ◽  
MAMTIMIN SULAYMAN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Rps4 Gene

Morphologically, recognition of the genus Plagiomnium may be relatively easy. Yet identifications of closely related species have met great difficulties. The contemporary species delimitations of P. carolinianum, P. maximoviczii, and P. rhynchophorum largely based on sexuality as the sole distinction have not been satisfactory. As shown from literature, character variations among these three taxa were continuous and intergraded within or among different populations throughout a wide geographic range. No gametophytic characters could be reliably used to distinguish them from each other. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using ITS2 and rps4 gene were undertaken to resolve delineations for these three morphologically similar species. The results suggest that they form a well support monophyletic clade, which can be defined as representing one single species with two subspecies, i.e. P. rhynchophorum subsp. maximoviczii and P. rhynchophorum subsp. rhynchophorum. The present molecular study supports the treatment of P. carolinianum as synonym of P. rhynchophorum as purposed previously by Koponen based on morphology.

Phylogenetic relationships of Australian Scirtidae (Coleoptera) based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequences

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. B. Cooper ◽  
Christopher H. S. Watts ◽  
Kathleen M. Saint ◽  
Remko Leijs
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 ◽  
Combined Data

Scirtidae is a cosmopolitan group of beetles with aquatic or saproxylic larvae. A large diversity of species has recently been described from Australia, but their systematics is uncertain. There is evidence that current genera are polyphyletic and that Australian species were wrongly placed in northern hemisphere genera. Here we investigate the systematics of Australian Scirtidae using molecular phylogenetic analyses of combined data from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and nuclear gene elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α) genes. We also assess the current taxonomy of Australian Scirtidae using partial COI sequences. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of COI and EF1-α sequence data from 81 taxa show that the Australian genera Contacyphon, Pseudomicrocara and Prionocyphon are polyphyletic. There is no close relationship between Australian and Eurasian genera, with the exception of Scirtes. Phylogenetic analyses of partial COI data from Australian Scirtidae generally support the current α taxonomy, with the exception of several species that may be associated with species complexes. Geographically a high proportion of species lineages are restricted to relict patches of wet forest suggesting that they may be relict populations. The phylogeny and sequence data presented here provide a sound basis for further systematic and biogeographical studies of the Scirtidae.

Two new Pythium species from southern China based on morphological and molecular characters

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 432 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
JIA-JIA CHEN ◽  
HUI FENG ◽  
WEI SONG ◽  
XIAO-BO ZHENG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Pythium Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
I Gene ◽  
Molecular Characters

Two new species of Pythium, namely P. subinflatum and P. xuzhouense, from soybean (Glycine max) in southern China are described based on their morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal RNA gene and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene. Pythium subinflatum is characterized by globose to sub-globose or ovoid hyphal swellings, filamentous inflated sporangia, smooth oogonia, mostly diclinous antheridia, elongated along the oogonial stalk, subcircular, subglobose or fist-shaped antheridial cells, and aplerotic and slightly thick-walled oospores (2–3.5 µm); P. xuzhouense differs from other species in the genus by filamentous or lobulated sporangia, smooth oogonia, mostly diclinous, sometimes monoclinous antheridia, subclavate, falcate or semicircle to subcircular antheridial cells, and plerotic or nearly plerotic and thin-walled oospores (0.5–1.5 µm). In addition, the two new species are compared to closely related Pythium species regarding their phylogenetic positions and morphological features.

Gerhardtia sinensis (Agaricales, Lyophyllaceae), a new species and a newly recorded genus for China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 332 (2) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
TING LI ◽  
TAIHUI LI ◽  
CHAOQUN WANG ◽  
WANGQIU DENG ◽  
BIN SONG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Pale Yellow ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

Gerhardtia sinensis, as a new species discovered from southern China, is described, illustrated and compared with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species. Morphologically, it is characterized by its white to yellowish or partially pale yellow pileus with faint striae, subdistant to fairly distant lamellae with intervenose veins, and slightly verruculose basidiospores (4.7–)5.2–6.2(–6.6) × (2.5–)3.0–3.4(–3.8) μm in size. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the new species and related taxa are performed based on the sequences of nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU) and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS).

scholarly journals Contribution to chromosome numbers and phylogeny of Turkish Vincetoxicum Wolf (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seher Güven ◽  
Serdar Makbul ◽  
Kamil Coşkunçelebì
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Nrdna Its ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
As Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

We report chromosome counts for ten taxa of Vincetoxicum sensu stricto (s. str.) (Apocynaceae) from Turkey (of which two are endemic), including the first chromosome counts for V. canescens subsp. pedunculata, V. funebre, V. fuscatum subsp. boissieri, V. parviflorum and V. tmoleum. Two taxa of V. fuscatum proved to be tetraploid (2n=44) and the remaining eight taxa diploid (2n=22). Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nrDNA (ITS) and cpDNA (trnT-trnL) (including 31 newly generated sequences) confirm the position of the Turkish Vincetoxicum in the Vincetoxicum s. str. clade. Vincetoxicum fuscatum, V. parviflorum, V. speciosum, as well as the Turkish endemic V. fuscatum subsp. boissieri, were clearly resolved as species-level clades, whereas the delimitation of the rest of the Turkish taxa was less clear based on molecular data.

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