First records in Italy of the red-listed shore bug Salda henschii (Reuter, 1891) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Saldidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4238 (4) ◽  
pp. 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIO CIANFERONI ◽  
MARGHERITA NORBIATO ◽  
MARCO DOGLIOTTI
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Europe

Salda henschii (Reuter, 1891) is a boreo-montane species of Saldidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) restricted to mountain bogs and streams in central Europe (e.g., Western Carpathians, Alps) and to freshwater wetlands in lowland coastal areas in northern Europe (Fennoscandia); it is a vicariant of the arctic (Holarctic) element S. sahlbergi Reuter, 1875 (Hoberlandt 1977; Schuh et al. 1987; Péricart 1990; Lindskog 1991; Vinokurov 2010). 

A MODELING SYSTEM FOR CLIMATE CHANGE RISK ASSESSMENT, MANAGEMENT AND HEDGING IN COASTAL AREAS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Soldatenko ◽  
Sergei Soldatenko ◽  
Genrikh Alekseev ◽  
Genrikh Alekseev ◽  
Alexander Danilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
System Structure ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Risk Modeling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
The Impact

Every aspect of human operations faces a wide range of risks, some of which can cause serious consequences. By the start of 21st century, mankind has recognized a new class of risks posed by climate change. It is obvious, that the global climate is changing, and will continue to change, in ways that affect the planning and day to day operations of businesses, government agencies and other organizations and institutions. The manifestations of climate change include but not limited to rising sea levels, increasing temperature, flooding, melting polar sea ice, adverse weather events (e.g. heatwaves, drought, and storms) and a rise in related problems (e.g. health and environmental). Assessing and managing climate risks represent one of the most challenging issues of today and for the future. The purpose of the risk modeling system discussed in this paper is to provide a framework and methodology to quantify risks caused by climate change, to facilitate estimates of the impact of climate change on various spheres of human activities and to compare eventual adaptation and risk mitigation strategies. The system integrates both physical climate system and economic models together with knowledge-based subsystem, which can help support proactive risk management. System structure and its main components are considered. Special attention is paid to climate risk assessment, management and hedging in the Arctic coastal areas.

Social change in the Later Neolithic of Central Europe

Antiquity ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 59 (225) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Starling
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Uniform Pattern ◽  
Funnel Beaker Culture ◽  
Small Sites ◽  
Important Shift ◽  
Complete Collapse

Profound changes occurred in central and northern Europe towards the end of the 3rd millennium bcX, when a uniform pattern of settlement, burial and material culture-the Corded Ware complexreplaced the diversity of the middle neolithic groups of the TRB (or Funnel Beaker Culture). Collective graves and large settlement sites gave way to individual burials in a largely dispersed pattern of settlement based on small sites. This was accompanied by a spread of sites into hitherto uncolonized areas, and a greater variety of locations used for settlement. This major change might at first seem to indicate a complete collapse of the earlier system, with an undifferentiated pattern replacing the apparent beginnings of hierarchies indicated by the Middle Neolithic. Kristiansen ( I 982) has recently suggested for Denmark that the middle neolithic system disintegrated, fitting a model of cyclical tribal development. It is suggested here, however, that the transformation of the middle neolithic pattern is better seen as a changed structure, which does not involve concepts such as disintegration or collapse, but marks an important shift in the organization of neolithic societies.

scholarly journals Evolution of the seasonal temperature cycle in a transient Holocene simulation: orbital forcing and sea-ice

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 463-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Fischer ◽  
J. H. Jungclaus
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Ice Dynamics ◽  
Summer Insolation ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Abstract. Changes in the Earth's orbit lead to changes in the seasonal and meridional distribution of insolation. We quantify the influence of orbitally induced changes on the seasonal temperature cycle in a transient simulation of the last 6000 years – from the mid-Holocene to today – using a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (ECHAM5/MPI-OM) including a land surface model (JSBACH). The seasonal temperature cycle responds directly to the insolation changes almost everywhere. In the Northern Hemisphere, its amplitude decreases according to an increase in winter insolation and a decrease in summer insolation. In the Southern Hemisphere, the opposite is true. Over the Arctic Ocean, however, decreasing summer insolation leads to an increase of sea-ice cover. The insulating effect of sea ice between the ocean and the atmosphere favors more continental conditions over the Arctic Ocean in winter, resulting in strongly decreasing temperatures. Consequently, there are two competing effects: the direct response to insolation changes and a sea-ice dynamics feedback. The sea-ice feedback is stronger, and thus an increase in the amplitude of the seasonal cycle over the Arctic Ocean occurs. This increase is strongest over the Barents Shelf and influences the temperature response over northern Europe. We compare our modelled seasonal temperatures over Europe to paleo reconstructions. We find better agreements in winter temperatures than in summer temperatures and better agreements in northern Europe than in southern Europe, since the model does not reproduce the southern European Holocene summer cooling inferred from the paleo data. The temperature reconstructions for northern Europe support the notion of the influence of the sea-ice effect on the evolution of the seasonal temperature cycle.

scholarly journals The relation of Gammarus zaddachi Sexton to some other species of Gammarus occurring in fresh, estuarine and marine waters

1942 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Sexton
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi ◽  
Estuarine Zone ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Baltic

Gammarus zaddachi is perhaps the most prolific and widespread of all the estuarine amphipods known to occur in northern Europe, and inhabiting, as it does, the low-salinity estuarine zone and adjacent coasts, it has come to be recognized in recent ecological work as a ‘salinity indicator’.Unfortunately, there has been constant confusion with the other common species of Gammarus, G. locusta, pulex, and duebeni, which has been greatly complicated by the difference in the appearance of zaddachi according as it lives in a freshwater or a saline habitat. It is shown that this difference is entirely due to the sensory equipment, the greater production of hairs in freshwater conditions, and that the structure of the two ‘forms’ is identical.The history of the species has been carried back as far as I have been able to trace it (1836) with the actual specimens, described in the different papers, and the more important of these papers are discussed. It will be seen that the material examined was derived from every country of northern Europe; from Russia, the White Sea, Crimea, and the Baltic, the coasts of Scandinavia, Germany, including the Hamburg water-supply, Denmark, the Netherlands, Great Britain and Ireland, and France as far up the Loire as Nantes.Detailed descriptions and figures of both forms of G. zaddachi are given; and finally, a comparison is made between the species most commonly confused with it, the Arctic species G. wilkitzkii being included because of a suggestion recently made that it might be, not a distinct species, but merely the Arctic form of zaddachi.

Arctic Connectivity for Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilii Erokhin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transportation Routes

The Arctic possesses about one-quarter of the world's untapped energy resources and abundant deposits of minerals. The region has always been in the focus of geopolitical interests of the USA, Russia, countries of Northern Europe, and Canada. However, with an opening of the previously ice-jammed waterways, new potential sites with vast resources have been identified and explored. Diversified transportation routes are of paramount importance to the economic and energy security of energy importing countries, particularly non-Arctic ones. As the Arctic becomes a focus of interest of many regional and non-regional actors, it is crucial to identify the dangers such a boom may bring. This chapter reviews the history of the Arctic policies of major actors in the region, overviews the contemporary approaches to the development of the Arctic, and discusses how varying interests and policies can be translated into the effective international regulations for the benefit of the entire Arctic region, its people, environment, and sustainable development.

Post-LGM faulting in Central Europe: LiDAR detection of the >50 km-long Sub-Tatra fault, Western Carpathians

Geomorphology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 107248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Pánek ◽  
Jozef Minár ◽  
Ladislav Vitovič ◽  
Michal Břežný
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Western Carpathians

Taxonomic status of the black fly Prosimulium italicum Rivosecchi (Diptera: Simuliidae) based on genetic evidence

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4377 (2) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATÚŠ KÚDELA ◽  
PETER H. ADLER ◽  
TATIANA KÚDELOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Banding ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Chromosome Polymorphism ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Black Fly

The black fly Prosimulium italicum Rivosecchi, distributed in the Apennines and Sicily, was described as a subspecies of Prosimulium hirtipes (Fries), based on a few morphological details. It subsequently was considered conspecific with P. hirtipes and the name was synonymized. Analyses of polytene chromosome banding patterns and sequences of mitochondrial DNA (COI and COII) revealed deep genetic divergence between P. italicum from Italy and P. hirtipes from northern and central Europe and confirmed the species status of P. italicum. Populations of P. italicum either lack chromosomal inversion IS-9 or carry it as an X-chromosome polymorphism, whereas all analyzed populations of P. hirtipes (Slovakia, Sweden, England, and Scotland) are fixed for IS-9. The average K2P genetic distance was 3.7% between P. italicum and P. hirtipes from northern Europe (Sweden) and 4.3 % between P. italicum and P. hirtipes from central Europe (Slovakia). Cytogenetic analysis showed the presence of two cytoforms of P. hirtipes (‘A’ in Sweden and Slovakia and ‘B’ in England and Scotland) and two cytoforms of P. italicum (‘A’ in Sicily and ‘B’ in Campania and Basilicata), all of which differ in their sex chromosomes and autosomal polymorphisms, suggesting that P. hirtipes and P. italicum might each be a complex of cryptic species. 

The Birth of Anglicanism

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (35) ◽  
pp. 418-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diarmaid MacCulloch
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Henry Viii ◽  
English Reformation ◽  
European Context ◽  
Middle Way

The paper surveys the English Reformation in the wider European context to demonstrate that the concept of ‘Anglicanism’ is hardly appropriate for the post-Reformation English Church in the sixteenth century: it was emphatically Protestant, linked to Reformed rather than Lutheran Protestantism. Henry VIII created a hybrid of a Church after breaking with Rome, but that was not unique in northern Europe. There were widespread attempts to find a ‘middle way’, the model being Cologne under Archbishop Hermann von Wied. Wied's efforts failed, but left admirers like Albert Hardenberg and Jan Laski, and their Reformations gradually moved towards those of central Europe—the first Reformed theologians. Edward VTs Reformation aligned itself with this new grouping, and produced prototypes of liturgy and theological formulary which endure to the present day—with the exception of a proposed reform of canon law, with its provisions for divorce. Elizabeth Ts 1559 religious settlement fossilised Edward's Church from autumn 1552. It made no concessions to Catholics, despite later A nglo- Catholic myth-making: minor adjustments were probably aimed at Lutherans. There is nevertheless a ‘Nicodemite’ association among the leading figures who steered the Settlement through its opening years. Important and unlikely survivals were cathedrals, uniquely preserved in a Protestant context and a source of future ideological Catholic ‘subversion’. Nevertheless the theological tone of the Elizabethan Church was a broadly-based Reformed Protestantism, aligned to Zürich rather than to Geneva. Early seventeenth-century Arminianism or Laudianism represented a new direction, and the Puritanism of New England may better represent the English Reformation than the ‘Anglican’ synthesis which came to fruition in the English Church after Charles II's restoration in 1660. In any case, Anglicanism continues to represent in uneasy but useful tension the two poles of theology contending for mastery in the century after Elizabeth Is coming to power.

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