Arctic Connectivity for Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilii Erokhin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transportation Routes

The Arctic possesses about one-quarter of the world's untapped energy resources and abundant deposits of minerals. The region has always been in the focus of geopolitical interests of the USA, Russia, countries of Northern Europe, and Canada. However, with an opening of the previously ice-jammed waterways, new potential sites with vast resources have been identified and explored. Diversified transportation routes are of paramount importance to the economic and energy security of energy importing countries, particularly non-Arctic ones. As the Arctic becomes a focus of interest of many regional and non-regional actors, it is crucial to identify the dangers such a boom may bring. This chapter reviews the history of the Arctic policies of major actors in the region, overviews the contemporary approaches to the development of the Arctic, and discusses how varying interests and policies can be translated into the effective international regulations for the benefit of the entire Arctic region, its people, environment, and sustainable development.

scholarly journals Mesozoic-Cenozoic climate and the geothermal regime of the oil source Kiterbyutskaya suite of the Arctic region of Western Siberia

Georesursy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Isaev ◽  
A. Iskorkina ◽  
G. Lobova ◽  
T. Luneva ◽  
E. Osipova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
Deep Well ◽  
History Of ◽  
Priori Information ◽  
Oil Source

Using the example of paleotemperature modeling of the Kiterbyutskaya suite of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic section, opened by a deep well at the Bovanenkovskoye oil – gas condensate field (Yamal Peninsula), the influence of paleoclimate factors on the thermal history of the Lower Jurassic oil source deposits, the duration of the main phase of petroleum formation and the value of the paleothermometric maximum and oil generation density. The original computer methodology is described, which takes into account the parameters of the tectonic and sedimentation history, as well as the history of the thermophysical properties of the sedimentary formation, including permafrost and glaciers, and not requiring a priori information about the values and nature of the deep heat flow is given. The features of the model parametrization are shown. The reliability of the results is confidently controlled by the geophysical criterion of the “discrepancy”, comparison with experimental data on the heat flow, and consistency with the drilling data. The presentation is based on the works of the Tomsk School of Geothermics, carried out as part of the development of a methodological base of geothermics as a geophysical oil prospecting method.

scholarly journals The relation of Gammarus zaddachi Sexton to some other species of Gammarus occurring in fresh, estuarine and marine waters

1942 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Sexton
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi ◽  
Estuarine Zone ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Baltic

Gammarus zaddachi is perhaps the most prolific and widespread of all the estuarine amphipods known to occur in northern Europe, and inhabiting, as it does, the low-salinity estuarine zone and adjacent coasts, it has come to be recognized in recent ecological work as a ‘salinity indicator’.Unfortunately, there has been constant confusion with the other common species of Gammarus, G. locusta, pulex, and duebeni, which has been greatly complicated by the difference in the appearance of zaddachi according as it lives in a freshwater or a saline habitat. It is shown that this difference is entirely due to the sensory equipment, the greater production of hairs in freshwater conditions, and that the structure of the two ‘forms’ is identical.The history of the species has been carried back as far as I have been able to trace it (1836) with the actual specimens, described in the different papers, and the more important of these papers are discussed. It will be seen that the material examined was derived from every country of northern Europe; from Russia, the White Sea, Crimea, and the Baltic, the coasts of Scandinavia, Germany, including the Hamburg water-supply, Denmark, the Netherlands, Great Britain and Ireland, and France as far up the Loire as Nantes.Detailed descriptions and figures of both forms of G. zaddachi are given; and finally, a comparison is made between the species most commonly confused with it, the Arctic species G. wilkitzkii being included because of a suggestion recently made that it might be, not a distinct species, but merely the Arctic form of zaddachi.

Sustainable Development of Oil Production in the Arctic Shelf and Evolution of Fish Stock

2019 ◽  
pp. 451-469
Author(s):  
Yuri Yegorov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Common Pool ◽  
Arctic Fish

Arctic region is an important resource for hydrocarbons (oil and gas). Their exploitation is not immediate but will develop fast as soon as oil prices approach $100 per barrel again. In the Arctic, fish stock is an important renewable resource. Contrary to hydrocarbons, it is already overexploited. Future simultaneous exploitation of both resources poses several problems, including externalities and common pool. The academic community still has some time for theoretical investigation of those future problems and working out the corresponding policy measures that are consistent with sustainable development of the region. The Barents Sea is especially important because it has a common pool both in hydrocarbons and fish.

5. Exploration and exploitation

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-107
Author(s):  
Klaus Dodds ◽  
Jamie Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
New World ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Industrial Scale ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Northwest Passage ◽  
Canadian North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arctic Exploration ◽  
Last 300 Years

‘Exploration and exploitation’ reviews the history of Arctic exploration and exploitation, which owes a great deal to early European encounters with the 'New World'. This topic includes the earliest Viking settlement of Greenland to a succession of European explorers and expeditions that were designed to search for the Northwest Passage. The Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), which specialized in fur trading, was integral to the early exploitation of the Canadian north since it was chartered in May 1670. The history and presence of industrial-scale mining in the Arctic over the last 300 years also played an important part. The term 'Arctic paradox', used by Arctic observers, describes a series of contradictory pressures facing the region—managing resources, promoting sustainable development, and ensuring that indigenous and northern communities are beneficiaries from any form of resource-led development.

COLLECTIVE SECURITY IN THE ARCTIC REGION: INSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES OF CONTEMPORARY PROCESSES OF REGIONALIZATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Rabkin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
New Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Institutional Challenges ◽  
The Arctic Region

The search for a new model of collective security is one of the most important institutional challenges in a multipolar world. Despite the fact that modern processes of regionalization are increasingly determined by cognitive factors, the Arctic region is becoming a macro-region of the world, where the balance of national interest of countries with different economic systems can determine the institutional criteria for future global interaction or confrontation in achieving the goals of sustainable development.

Speleothem record of enhanced hydroclimate during MIS15a in Northeast Greenland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Moseley ◽  
R. Lawrence Edwards ◽  
Christoph Spötl ◽  
Hai Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Climate History ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
History Of ◽  
Forcing Mechanisms ◽  
Essential Knowledge

<p>The Arctic region is predicted to be one of the most sensitive areas of the world to future anthropogenically-forced climate change, the consequences of which will affect vast numbers of people worldwide, for instance through changes to mid-latitude weather systems and rising eustatic sea levels. Recent changes in temperature and precipitation, and those projected for the future, indicate that some of the greatest changes will occur in Northeast Greenland. Essential knowledge on the climate history of this region, which can be used to validate models and understand forcing mechanisms and teleconnections, is however absent. Here, we present a speleothem palaeoclimate record for Northeast Greenland (80 °N) that formed during Marine Isotopes Stage 15a  between 588 ka to 537 ka. The record indicates that at that time, Northeast Greenland was warmer and wetter than at present associated with a reduction in Arctic sea ice, thawing of permafrost in eastern Siberia (55 °N and 60 °N), and elevated warm conditions at Lake El’gygytgyn (67.5 °N), Russia.</p>

Sustainable development of the Soviet Arctic: some possibilities and constraints

Polar Record ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (160) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Arikaynen
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Ecological Consequences ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
Effective Organization ◽  
Limited Possibility

AbstractThe Soviet Arctic region is defined in administrative terms, and some parameters of sustainable development are defined and discussed. Under state enterprise sincethe 1930s the Arctic has been subject to a ruthless policy of development with little regard for environmental considerations or the needs of either native or migratory workforces. Perestroyka brings promise of better and more effective organization. The Arctic should be regarded as a component of the Soviet national economy, but business and scientific developments must be implemented with due consideration of possible social and ecological consequences. In all developments the limited material and labour resources of theArctic, as well as limited possibility of their employment elsewhere in the country to get the same result, should be bome in mind, and the effectiveness of proposed Arctic projects must be considered in the light of possible alternatives before any are implemented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document