The ant genus Rhopalomastix (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) in Southeast Asia, with descriptions of four new species from Singapore based on morphology and DNA barcoding

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4532 (3) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
WENDY Y. WANG ◽  
GORDON W.J. YONG ◽  
WEEYAWAT JAITRONG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Close Match ◽  
Dna Evidence ◽  
Asian Species ◽  
True Diversity ◽  
Worker Caste

The true diversity of the Asian ant genus Rhopalomastix Forel is poorly understood. We use an integrated approach to review the known species and subspecies of Rhopalomastix in Southeast Asia. Based on morphology and supporting DNA evidence, we recognize six species. We raise two subspecies of R. rothneyi Forel to species rank (R. johorensis Wheeler stat. n, R. javana Wheeler stat. n.), synonymize R. janeti Donisthorpe (syn. nov.) with R. johorensis, and describe four new species from Singapore: R. glabricephala sp. n., R. murphyi sp. n., R. striata sp. n., and R. tenebra sp. n. All six species found in Southeast Asia are distinct from each other based on morphology; morphological delimitation of these species is further supported by and congruent with mOTUs generated from objective clustering of short fragment COI barcodes using the best close match criteria. Different castes and sexes of most species are described, including redescriptions of the queen of R. javana and male of R. johorensis. A key to the Southeast Asian species based on the worker caste is also provided. Variation among sympatric and also geographically distant populations, and the possibilities of cryptic species, are discussed. 

scholarly journals Benchmarking DNA barcodes: an assessment using available primate sequences

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 851-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Hajibabaei ◽  
Gregory AC Singer ◽  
Donal A Hickey
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Primate Species ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Efficient Sequence

DNA barcoding has been recently promoted as a method for both assigning specimens to known species and for discovering new and cryptic species. Here we test both the potential and the limitations of DNA barcodes by analysing a group of well-studied organisms—the primates. Our results show that DNA barcodes provide enough information to efficiently identify and delineate primate species, but that they cannot reliably uncover many of the deeper phylogenetic relationships. Our conclusion is that these short DNA sequences do not contain enough information to build reliable molecular phylogenies or define new species, but that they can provide efficient sequence tags for assigning unknown specimens to known species. As such, DNA barcoding provides enormous potential for use in global biodiversity studies.Key words: DNA barcoding, species identification, primate, biodiversity.

scholarly journals Cryptic Species of a Cascade Frog from Southeast Asia: Taxonomic Revisions and Descriptions of Six New Species

2003 ◽  
Vol 3417 ◽  
pp. 1-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAOUL H. BAIN ◽  
AMY LATHROP ◽  
ROBERT W. MURPHY ◽  
NIKOLAI L. ORLOV ◽  
HO THU CUC
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Cryptic Species

A taxonomic revision of Asthenodipsas malaccana Peters, 1864 (Squamata: Pareidae) with a description of a new species from Borneo

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4729 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
EVAN S.H. QUAH ◽  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
KELVIN K.P. LIM ◽  
M.S. SHAHRUL ANUAR ◽  
KIN ONN CHAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
The Body ◽  
Malay Peninsula ◽  
Snake Species ◽  
Black Patch ◽  
True Diversity ◽  
A New Species

A reappraisal of the taxonomic status of the Dark-necked Slug Snake (Asthenodipsas malaccana Peters, 1864) across its range revealed that populations from Borneo are not conspecific with true A. malaccana from the Thai-Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, and is therefore described herein as new. Asthenodipsas borneensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from A. malaccana and other congeners by the absence of a preocular and suboculars, seven or eight supralabials with 3rd and 4th in contact with orbit, 4–7 infralabials with 2nd or 3rd pair in contact, two pairs of posterior inframaxillaries, 15/15/15 rows of dorsal scales, presence of sharp vertebral keel, divided subcaudals, maximum recorded SVL=441 mm, 166–179 ventrals, 35–48 subcaudals, head white to greyish brown and dorsum beige to orange-brown with a conspicuous dark-brown or black patch on the neck followed by multiple, narrow, vertical, dark bands along the rest of the body and tail. This discovery adds to a growing number of new slug snake species recently described from Southeast Asia and highlights the underestimated diversity in this family, especially in Borneo. Taxonomic revisions of the reptiles and amphibians of Borneo are still needed before the true diversity of the island and the relationships of the various taxa can be fully understood. 

scholarly journals DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity in the underestimated genus Triplophysa (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae, Nemacheilinae) from the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai Wang ◽  
Yan-ping Zhang ◽  
Zhuo-yu Yang ◽  
Zhe Liu ◽  
Yan-yan Du
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Northeastern Part ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Abstract Background The northeastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) presents a high number of plateau loach species. As one of the three major groups of fishes distributed on the QTP, plateau loach has high ecological value. However, the taxonomy and systematics of these fish are still controversial, and a large number of new species have been reported. The reason for this phenomenon is that the degree of morphological variation is low, the phylogenetic information provided by morphological and anatomical features used for species identification is relatively poor, and many cryptic species are observed. Based on the high-density sampling points from the biodiversity hotspots surveyed, this study aims to evaluate the biodiversity of plateau loach in the northeastern part of the QTP and reveal the hidden diversity by comparing morphological species with molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs). Results After careful identification and comparison of the morphology and DNA barcoding of 1630 specimens, 22 species were identified, with 20 considered valid local species and two identified as new species that had not been previously described. Based on the combination of morphological and molecular methods, a total of 24 native species were found, two of which were cryptic species: Triplophysa robusta sp1 and Triplophysa minxianensis sp1. Fourteen of the 24 species form clusters of barcodes that allow them to be reliably identified. The remaining cases involved 10 closely related species, including rapidly differentiated species and species that seemed to have experienced incomplete lineage sorting or showed introgressions. Conclusions The results highlight the need to combine traditional taxonomies with molecular methods to correctly identify species, especially closely related species, such as the plateau loach. This study provides a basis for protecting the biodiversity of plateau loach.

scholarly journals DNA Barcoding Reveals Cryptic Diversity in the Genus Triplophysa (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae, Nemacheilinae) from the Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
tai wang ◽  
Yanping Zhang ◽  
Zhuoyu Yang ◽  
Zhe Liu ◽  
Yanyan Du
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Abstract Background: The northeastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is one of the areas where the number of species of plateau loach is the largest. As one of the three major groups of fishes distributed on the QTP, plateau loach have very important ecological value. However, their taxonomy and systematics are still controversial, and a large number of new species have been reported. The reason for this phenomenon is that the degree of morphological variation is low, the phylogenetic information provided by morphological and anatomical features used for species identification is relatively poor, and there are many cryptic species. Based on the high-density sampling points from the biodiversity hotspots surveyed, this study aims to evaluate the taxonomic characteristics of the plateau loach by means of morphology, DNA barcoding and multiple species demarcation methods to accurately describe species and allocate taxonomic units to unknown specimens. Results: After careful identification and comparison of the morphology and DNA barcoding of 1,630 specimens, 22 species were identified, 20 of which were considered valid local species and two of which were new species that had not been described. Based on the combination of morphological and molecular methods, a total of 24 native species have been found, two of which are cryptic species: Triplophysa robusta sp1 and Triplophysa minxianensis sp1. Fourteen of the 24 species form clusters of barcodes, which allow them to be reliably identified. The remaining cases involved 10 closely related species, some of which were rapidly differentiated, had a disputed taxonomic status, or showed introgressions.Conclusions: The results highlight the need to combine traditional taxonomies with molecular methods to correctly identify species, especially in closely related species such as the plateau loach. This study provides a basis for protecting the biodiversity of plateau loach.

scholarly journals Maritime trap-jaw ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae) of the Indo-Australian region – redescription of Odontomachus malignus Smith and description of a related new species from Singapore, including first descriptions of males

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 915 ◽  
pp. 137-174
Author(s):  
Wendy Y. Wang ◽  
Aiki Yamada ◽  
Seiki Yamane
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Species Group ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Dna Evidence ◽  
Littoral Habitat ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Worker Caste ◽  
First Time ◽  
Distinct Morphology

The maritime trap-jaw ant Odontomachus malignus Smith, 1859 is thought to be widespread throughout islands in the Indo-Pacific and parts of the Oriental realm. Because of its unique nesting preference for harsh littoral habitat and distinct morphology, O. malignus has usually been assumed to consist of only one species. We, however, describe a new species similar to O. malignus found in the mangroves of Singapore, Southeast Asia – Odontomachus litoralissp. nov. We find strong evidence of both species existing in (near) sympatry, and also distinct morphological differences between O. malignus and the new species. Additional complementary DNA evidence in the form of COI barcodes (313 bp) supporting putative species identification and delimitation is provided. Defining morphological characteristics for the O. malignus species group (nested within the larger O. infandus clade) are given in detail for the first time. The worker and queen castes of the new species are described; a redescription of the worker caste of O. malignus, based on specimens from Singapore and the Philippines in addition to the holotype, is also given. The males of both species are also described for the first time, including male genitalia. A preliminary key to most known species of the O. infandus group based on the worker caste is provided.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification of Strains of Caridean Species in a Tropical Lagoons of South-Western Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Akinwunmi ◽  
A. O. Lawal-Are
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Coastal Lagoons ◽  
Close Match ◽  
Morphological Approach ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Species identification by morphological approach requires a high degree of experience, which is difficult and not practical enough for those interested in surveying a broad diversity of organisms. However, molecular or genetic approaches to identify species have been proposed and widely used by most scientists. DNA barcoding was used to identify Macrobrachium species occurring in three coastal lagoons (Badagry, Lagos and Epe) in South-western Nigeria. Samples of prawns for the DNA studies were collected from May to July 2015. The DNA of the Macrobrachium species was extracted using the phenol-chloroform protocol and Norgen tissue kit. Amplification and sequencing of the Macrobrachium species were carried out and further identification was done by comparing with sequenced data in the Genbank. New species of Macrobrachium were obtained in Badagry and Epe Lagoons having a close match with M. asperulum and M. nipponense at 85% and 84% respectively. M. asperulum and M. nipponense are reported in Badagry and Epe Lagoons for the first time.

Two new species of Prionocyphon Redtenbacher from Taiwan (Coleoptera: Scirtidae), with notes on Prionocyphon, Mescirtes Motschulsky and Prionoscirtes Champion from East and Southeast Asia

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2402 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAŁ RUTA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Species ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
First Time

Prionocyphon costipennis sp. nov. and P. macrodascilloides sp. nov. are described from North Taiwan. Orientoprionocyphon Klausnitzer is a new synonym of Mescirtes Motschulsky. Prionocyphon herthae Klausnitzer, Prionocyphon laosensis Yoshitomi et Satô, Prionocyphon rutai Klausnitzer, Prionocyphon ruthsteuerae Klausnitzer, Prionocyphon weigeli Klausnitzer, and Prionocyphon yoshitomii Klausnitzer are transferred to Mescirtes. Prionocyphon picigrandis is a new substitute name for Cyphon grande Pic (nec Cyphon grandis Tournier). Prionocyphon minusculus Klausnitzer is transferred to Mescirtes. Prionocyphon ovalis Kiesenwetter is reported from China for the first time. A key to the genera of Scirtidae with modified antennae, and a key to the East and Southeast Asian species of Prionocyphon are included. A catalogue of Mescirtes, Prionocyphon and Prionoscirtes inhabiting East and Southeast Asia is presented.

Asian species of the genera Anahita Karsch 1879, Ctenus Walckenaer 1805 and Amauropelma Raven, Stumkat & Gray 2001(Arachnida: Araneae: Ctenidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3429 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER JÄGER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Asian Species ◽  
Nomina Nova ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
First Time

Specimens of the spider family Ctenidae from South, East and Southeast Asia were examined. Thirteen new species aredescribed: Anahita jinsi spec. nov. (male, female; China, Sichuan); Ctenus martensi spec. nov. (male; Nepal), Ctenuscladarus spec. nov. (male; Burma), Ctenus theodorianum spec. nov. (male, female; Laos, Oudomxai), Ctenus lishuqiangspec. nov. (female; China, Sichuan), Ctenus holthoffi spec. nov. (male, female; Laos, Champasak), Ctenus bayeri spec.nov. (male; Laos, Champasak); Amauropelma beyersdorfi spec. nov. (male; India, Himachal Pradesh), Amauropelmastaschi spec. nov. (male; India, Uttar Pradesh), Amauropelma ekeftys spec. nov. (male, ?female; India, Meghalaya),Amauropelma hoffmanni spec. nov. (male, female; Laos, Luang Nam Tha), Amauropelma jagelkii spec. nov. (male,female; Laos, Luang Prabang), Amauropelma annegretae spec. nov. (male, female; Laos, Luang Prabang). Ctenus simplexThorell 1897 (Luang Prabang, Vientiane) and C. robustus Thorell 1897 (Luang Nam Tha, Luang Prabang) are recordedfor the first time from Laos, and the female of C. simplex is described for the first time. Ctenus ramosus Thorell 1887, C.robustus and C. palembangensis Strand 1906 as well as internal copulatory structures of Anahita fauna Karsch 1879 areillustrated for the first time. Anahita feai (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge 1902) comb. nov., A. jucunda (Thorell 1897) comb.nov., A. denticulata (Simon 1884) comb. nov., A. smythiesi (Simon 1897) comb. nov. and Amauropelma fungifer (Thorell1890) comb. nov. are transferred from the genus Ctenus. The nomina nova “Ctenus karschi” and “Ctenus tamerlani” proposed by Roewer (1951) are recognised as unavailable and thus invalid names.

scholarly journals Eight new provincial species records of mayflies (Ephemeroptera) from one Arctic watershed river in British Columbia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezene P.W. Huber ◽  
Claire M. Shrimpton ◽  
Daniel J. Erasmus
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Index Numbers ◽  
Baetis Tricaudatus ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Taxonomic Keys

We repeatedly sampled eight sites on the Crooked River in British Columbia’s Arctic watershed for adult and nymph mayflies (Ephemeroptera) over the course of two years. Using taxonomic keys and DNA-barcoding we report eight new species records for the province. These are five Baetidae (Acerpenna pygmaea, Baetis phoebus, Baetis vernus, Iswaeon anoka, and Procloeon pennulatum), one Heptageniidae (Leucrocuta hebe), one Leptohyphidae (Tricorythodes mosegus), and one Siphlonuridae (Siphlonurus alternatus). Three of these – Acerpenna, Iswaeon, and Leucrocuta – are also new genus records for the province. In total we detected 40 species in eight families as indicated by clustering into BINs (Barcode Index Numbers), by morphological keys, and by matches in the Barcode of Life Database. One of those species, Ameletus vernalis, is of conservation concern. Our analysis indicated that a number of other specimens may represent new species or genus records for BC. In addition this unique and anthropogenically impacted river may contain cryptic species of Baetis tricaudatus (Baetidae), Leptophlebia nebulosa (Leptophlebiidae), and Paraleptophlebia debilis (Leptophlebiidae).

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