Taxonomy and phylogeny of Koinocystididae (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia), with the description of three new genera and twelve new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4948 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-500
Author(s):  
YANDER L. DIEZ ◽  
MARLIES MONNENS ◽  
ROSA ISABEL AGUIRRE ◽  
RANA YURDUSEVEN ◽  
PHILIPPE JOUK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Common ◽  
Hard Structures ◽  
New Distribution

The taxon Koinocystididae is the third most species-rich family within Eukalyptorhynchia. However, its diversity and phylogeny have been largely neglected in former studies. We introduce three new genera and twelve new species of Koinocystididae including Simplexcystis asymmetrica gen. n. sp. n., Galapagetula cubensis sp. n., eight species of Reinhardorhynchus gen. n. and two species of Itaipusa. This raises the total number of species within Koinocystididae from 51 to 63. We also report on new distribution records for six known species: I. divae (Cuba, Panama and New Caledonia), I. karlingi (Sardinia and Lanzarote), Reinhardorhynchus riegeri comb. n. (Cuba), R. ruffinjonesi comb. n. (Cuba and Panama), Utelga heinckei (Cuba and Lanzarote), and U. pseudoheinckei (Sardinia). Simplexcystis asymmetrica gen. n. sp. n. is characterised by a male duct running eccentrically through the copulatory bulb, lack of any hard structures in the male system, lack of a bursa, and the fact that the epithelia of the female, the male, and part of the common atrium are covered by a brush border. Galapagetula cubensis sp. n. has a caudal gonopore, a divisa-type copulatory bulb with an unarmed penis papilla, and a female duct without a sphincter. The new species of Itaipusa and Reinhardorhynchus gen. n. differ from their congeners in the detailed structure of the copulatory bulb and especially the hard structures associated with it. In a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on all available 18S and 28S rDNA sequences of koinocystidids, we found support for the monophyly of the family and the genus Utelga Marcus, 1949. The genus Itaipusa is not monophyletic in that I. sinensis forms a clade with Rhinolasius dillonicus, while other species of Itaipusa that have a copulatory bulb armed with hooks form a clade together with Sekerana stolzi. As the type species of Itaipusa (I. divae) is in neither of these clades, we erected a new genus for I. sinensis (Koinogladius gen. n.) and one for species of Itaipusa having a hook-bearing copulatory bulb (Reinhardorhynchus gen. n.), respectively. Whether the remaining species of Itaipusa form a monophylum remains uncertain. 

Data on some members of the family Tylenchidae (Nematoda: Tylenchina) from Iran

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef Panahandeh ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Farzad Aliramaji ◽  
Majid Pedram
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Stylet Length

AbstractThree species belonging to the family Tylenchidae, Malenchus nanellus, M. undulatus and Tylenchus naranensis, are reported for the first time for Iran. These species are characterized based on morphological and morphometric data. The Iranian population of M. nanellus is characterized by its body length ranging from 410-485 μm, cuticle annuli 1.1- 1.5 μm wide at mid-body and lateral field with two crenate lines, starting at the mid-region of procorpus and ending near 1/3 of tail length. The population of M. undulatus is characterized by its 458-526 μm body length, cuticle coarsely annulated, annuli 1.8-2.4 μm wide at mid-body, lateral field with crenate incisures, beginning at about half of the stylet length, ending at middle of tail, head narrower than adjacent body, median bulb well developed with prominent valve plates and functional males in population. Iranian population of T. naranensis, is characterized by having a 631-774 μm body length, lateral field with four lines, outer lines crenate, a stylet length ranging from 10-11 μm and a tail of 102-131 μm long. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on partial 28S rDNA sequences of T. naranensis revealed its close affinity with the genus Filenchus. Other Tylenchidae genera, such as Aglenchus (including the newly sequenced isolate from Iran) and Coslenchus were sister taxa and formed a well-supported clade. Malenchus exiguus, a previously reported species from Iran and sequenced in the present study, formed a monophyletic clade with other species of Malenchus and Lelenchus leptosoma.

scholarly journals Two new genera and nine new species of hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from off New Caledonia

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horia R. Galea
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Additional Group ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species

Two new genera and nine new species of hydroids are described based on deep-water material collected from off New Caledonia during various expeditions of the French Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos program. Caledoniana gen. nov., provisionally included in the family Sertulariidae Lamouroux, 1812, presently comprises three new species, viz. C. alata sp. nov., C. decussata sp. nov., and C. microgona sp. nov., while an additional group of three new species, is accommodated in the new sertulariid genus Solenoscyphus gen. nov.: S. candelabrum sp. nov., S. decidualis sp. nov., and S. striatus sp. nov. Furthermore, three new species of Hincksella Billard, 1918 (family Syntheciidae Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890) are described, namely H. cornuta sp. nov., H. neocaledonica sp. nov., and H. similis sp. nov.

The malkarid spiders of New Zealand (Araneae : Malkaridae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hormiga ◽  
Nikolaj Scharff
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
The Family ◽  
Wet Forests

This paper addresses the systematics of the New Zealand spiders of the family Malkaridae. Malkarids are small araneoid spiders that live primarily in the leaf litter and mosses of temperate and tropical wet forests in Australia and New Zealand, with the exception of a single species in southern South America and another in New Caledonia. We treat the New Zealand species of Malkaridae that are not members of the subfamily Pararchaeinae, a monophyletic group of 11 new species that we classify in 2 new genera (Tingotingo, gen. nov. and Whakamoke, gen. nov.) and a new subfamily (Tingotinginae, subfam. nov.). We describe, diagnose, illustrate and map the distribution of specimen records of these 11 new species of New Zealand Malkaridae: Tingotingo porotiti, sp. nov., T. pouaru, sp. nov., T. tokorera, sp. nov., T. aho, sp. nov., Whakamoke orongorongo, sp. nov.; W. tarakina, sp. nov.; W. guacamole, sp. nov.; W. hunahuna, sp. nov.; W. paoka, sp. nov.; W. heru, sp. nov.; and W. rakiura, sp. nov. We also treat the phylogenetic relationships of Malkaridae and use the results of our previous work on the molecular phylogeny of Araneoidea as the bases for the classification of the family. Tingotingo, gen. nov. and Whakamoke, gen. nov. are sister clades. Tingotinginae, subfam. nov. is the sister group of the Malkarinae plus Pararchaeinae clade. We further hypothesise and discuss the morphological synapomorphies of Malkaridae, Tingotinginae, subfam. nov. and the two new genera.

Taxonomic and phylogenetic revision of the Gelastocephalini (Hemiptera:Cixiidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Löcker ◽  
Murray J. Fletcher ◽  
Marie-Claude Larivière ◽  
Geoff M. Gurr ◽  
Werner E. Holzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Phylogenetic Revision

Planthoppers of the family Cixiidae Spinola, 1839 are economically important owing to their ability to transmit phytoplasmas causing yellows-type diseases. The tribe Gelastocephalini Emeljanov, one of 16 tribes within the subfamily Cixiinae, has never been revised comprehensively. Twenty new genera (Aubirestus, Balyadimetopia, Barbonia, Candicarina, Corylonga, Fletcherolus, Gelastocaledonia, Gurrundus, Guttala, Hartliebia, Holgus, Larivierea, Lipsia, Melanoclypeus, Novotarberus, Payastylus, Rokebia, Schuerrera, Wernindia, Yarnikada) and 50 new species (Aubirestus semicirculatus, Balyadimetopia frederi, B. krahalla, B. marci, Barbonia spectabilis, Candicarina geroldi, C. pulchra, Carolus carinatus, C. stiriae, Corylonga aaroni, C. krottendorfi, C. leighi, C. lobata, C. loisae, C. mahmudae, C. triangula, Fletcherolus lanceolatus, F. monospinosus, Gelastocaledonia monteithi, Gelastocephalus velifer, Gurrundus fuscomarginatus, G. nectostylus, Guttala bernhardtae, G. mona, G. nickeli, G. robierae, Hartliebia towinna, Holgus ancistrus, H. liafredis, H. spiralis, H. unispinosus, Larivierea yalthi, L. yokunna, Lipsia mystrostylus, Melanoclypeus cristatus, M. uncinatus, Novotarberus flagellospinosus, N. pseudorphninus, N. remanei, Payastylus brichrius, P. gekiae, P. kernae, Rokebia australis, Ronaldia emeljanovi, Schuerrera clypeocarinata, S. ecarinata, ,Wernindia bubalis, W. lorda, W. rhomboidea, Yarnikada ulliae) are described. This increases the number of known Gelastocephalini from seven to 27 genera and from nine to 60 species. A new combination, Novotarberus jacobii, is proposed for Gelastocephalus jacobii from New Caldedonia and Cixius merula was transferred into the genus Schuerrera, resulting in a new combination, Schuerrera merula. A preliminary cladistic analysis of morphological data including all species of Gelastocephalini supported the monophyly of the tribe and its genera. The short male anal style is recognised as a synapomorphy for the tribe. The subtribe Rhigedanina was shown to be monophyletic whereas Gelastocephalina is paraphyletic. Three alternative hypotheses are presented to explain the current distribution of the tribe, which is restricted to Australia and New Caledonia. The species Novotarberus jacobii and Gelastocaledonia monteithi seem to be Gondwanan relicts.

The millipede family Conotylidae in northwestern North America, with a complete bibliography of the family (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Heterochordeumatidea, Conotyloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4753 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-78
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. SHEAR ◽  
CASEY H. RICHART ◽  
VICTORIA L. WONG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Center Of Diversity ◽  
Complete Bibliography ◽  
Northwestern North America ◽  
New Distribution

The center of diversity for the chordeumatidan millipede family Conotylidae is northwestern North America, where five of six subfamilies and ten of fourteen previously described genera occur; in this paper, seven additional new genera and 33 new species from the region are described. New species in the genus Taiyutyla Chamberlin, 1952 are: Taiyutyla tillamook, Taiyutyla acuphora, and Taiyutyla amicitia; in the genus Bollmanella Chamberlin, 1941: Bollmanella bombus, Bollmanella washingtonensis and Bollmanella leonardi; in the genus Brunsonia Loomis & Schmitt, 1971: Brunsonia pulchra, Brunsonia digitata, Brunsonia wenatchee, Brunsonia chelanoparva, Brunsonia chelanomagna, Brunsonia selwayana and Brunsonia benewah. Vancouvereuma n. gen. is described with the type species Taiyutyla shawi Shear 2004. Calityla n. gen. includes the new species Calityla siskiyou, Calityla ubicki, Calityla trinitaria, Calityla essigi, and Calityla humboldtensis. Ovaskella, n. gen. includes the new species Ovaskella ovaskae and Ovaskella sinuosa. Karagama, n. gen. includes the new species Karagama ladybird. Complicatella, n. gen. includes the new species Complicatella pectenifera and Complicatella neili. Bifurcatella n. gen. includes the new species Bifurcatella olympiana, Bifurcatella hoh, Bifurcatella angulata, Bifurcatella pacifica, Bifurcatella germania, Bifurcatella uniclada, Bifurcatella inflata and Bifurcatella hobo. Loomisiella, n. gen. includes the new species Loomisiella evergreen and Loomisiella pylei. New distribution records are provided for numerous previously described species of conotylids. A complete bibliography of the family Conotylidae of the world is also included. 

scholarly journals Gammarinema scyllae sp. n. and Monhystrium mangrovi sp. n. (Nematoda: Monhysteridae) from land crabs from New Caledonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rickard Westerman ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed ◽  
Oleksandr Holovachov
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Scylla Serrata ◽  
Genital Papilla ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Land Crabs ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

AbstractTwo new species of nematodes associated with crabs are described from New Caledonia. Gammarinema scyllaesp. n. from the gill chambers of Scylla serrata (Forsskål) is characterised by 3–4 mm long body, small outer labial and cephalic sensilla, distinct ocelli, short straight spicules and sub-cylindrical tail. Monhystrium mangrovisp. n. from the gill chambers and body cavity of mangrove crab Neosarmatium sp. is characterised by 1–1.4 mm long body; outer labial sensilla longer than cephalic sensilla, amphid located at level with posterior stoma chamber, denticles in posterior stoma chamber and five pairs of genital papilla on tail. Phylogenetic relationships of two new species and other nematodes from the family Monhysteridae are analysed based on 18S and partial 28S rDNA sequences.

Description of Lelenchus brevislitus n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae), an example of a cryptic species from Iran and its phylogenetic relationships with other species in the family

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 987-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahya Soleymanzadeh ◽  
Majid Pedram ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Sergio Álvarez-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Sister Clade ◽  
The Family ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

Lelenchus brevislitus n. sp. is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The new species is characterised by having females with slender, 452-488 μm long, body lateral field vestigial as a plain simple band under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in vulval region and absent in proximal and distal body ends, cephalic region short, ca 2 μm high, conical and truncate in anterior end in lateral view under SEM, dorso-ventrally flattened, amphidial pouches pocket-shaped and large under light microscopy (LM), their apertures short (ca 1 μm long in SEM) longitudinal sinuous slits remarkably wide near the small oral disc and significantly narrowing posteriad stylet, slender. 6.5-8.0 μm long, developed median bulb with distinct valvular plates, monodelphic-prodelphic reproductive system having a short post-vulval uterine sac (PUS), transverse vulval slit (V = 47.5-51.7) bearing small lateral membranes on each side, long filiform female tail (154-170 μm, c = 2.8-3.1, c′ = 21.5-28.3), and males unknown. The new species is considered to be a cryptic species inside the Tylenchidae. Morphological comparisons with all species of the genus are discussed. Phylogenetic studies were performed for further characterisation of the new species, and the results, using nearly full length 18S rDNA data, revealed it formed a clade with an isolate of L. leptosoma, both of which are in a sister clade with an isolate of Sakia. In a reconstructed phylogenetic tree using partial 28S rDNA sequences, the new species formed a monophyletic group, again with L. leptosoma, a sister clade to some Malenchus spp.

scholarly journals Description of a new species of Paraplehnia (Polycladida, Stylochoidea) from Japan, with inference on the phylogenetic position of Plehniidae

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 864 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Oya ◽  
Taeko Kimura ◽  
Hiroshi Kajihara
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of polyclad flatworm, Paraplehniaseisuiaesp. nov., from 298–310 m depths in the Sea of Kumano, West Pacific, Japan. Paraplehniaseisuiaesp. nov. is characterized by i) a developed muscular wall proximally occupying about one-third of the prostatic vesicle, ii) no common duct between the spermiducal bulbs and the prostatic vesicle, and iii) a genital pit between the male and female gonopores. We provide a partial sequence (712 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene as a DNA barcode for the species. Our phylogenetic analyses based on 603-bp 28S rDNA sequences indicate that P.seisuiaesp. nov. is nested in a clade consisting of stylochoid species along with unidentified species of Stylochus. It suggests that Plehniidae belongs to Stylochoidea, although this should be confirmed by future studies that contain Plehniaarctica (Plehn, 1896), the type species of the type genus of the family. The interfamily relationship among the superfamily Stylochoidea remains poorly resolved.

scholarly journals A giant new species of Enchiridium (Polycladida, Prosthiostomidae) from southwestern Japan

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Aoi Tsuyuki ◽  
Hiroshi Kajihara
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Rocky Subtidal ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Muscle Sheath

We describe a new species of polyclad flatworm, Enchiridium daidaisp. nov., from the rocky subtidal zone in the East China Sea along the coasts of the Kyushu and Okinawa Islands, Japan. Enchiridium daidaisp. nov. is characterized by i) the entire periphery of the dorsal surface narrowly fringed with orange, ii) a marginal-eyespot band extending to the position of the mouth (about anterior one-eighth of body), and iii) two prostatic vesicles covered by a common muscle sheath, which is penetrated by the ejaculatory duct. We performed a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on 945-bp 28S rDNA sequences of 16 species of Prosthiostomidae currently available in public databases in addition to those of E. daidaisp. nov. and Prosthiostomum torquatumTsuyuki et al., 2019. In the resulting tree, our new species was nested in a clade composed of Enchiridium species. The tree topology was in favor of a taxonomic view that Enchiridium should be defined by having i) a common muscle sheath that encloses two prostatic vesicles and ii) marginal eyespots that may or may not surround the periphery of the dorsal surface.

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