scholarly journals Soil Physic-chemical Properties in Termite Mounds and Adjacent Control Soil in Miyo and Yabello Districts of Borana Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiyot Lelisa Deke
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Termite Mounds ◽  
Borana Zone

Performance Evaluation of Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits in Common bean Genotypes at Yabello and Abaya, Southern Ethiopia

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Ejigu Ejara, Wassu Mohammed, Berhanu Amsalu ◽  
Zinash Misgana, Mulatu Gabisa, Ganane Tasama
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Borana Zone ◽  
Home Consumption

Common bean is among the major crops grown in southern Ethiopia including Borana zone where the majority of the farmers are Agro-pastoralist and produce the crop mainly for home consumption. The area has potential to the production of common bean for food and nutrition security as well as export commodity. However, scarcity of varieties that fit to the environment is one of the major constraints of production. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate 36 common bean genotypes including seven released varieties to evaluate performance of genotypes for yield and agronomic traits. The field experiment was conducted in 2015 at two locations (Abaya and Yabello) and genotypes were planted in triple lattice design. Data were collected on yield and important agronomic traits. Analysis of variance computed for individual locations and combined analysis over locations revealed significant variations among genotypes for all traits. Moreover, 16.67% of the genotypes had mean grain yield greater than the best performing released variety across locations and the genotypes showed a grain yield as high as 3.25 tons ha-1. Based on results of this study it is recommended to test the high yielding and early maturing genotypes at many locations to develop preferred varieties across many locations.

scholarly journals Effect of termite activity on soil under different land management strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Liane Barreto Alves Pinheiro ◽  
Rodrigo Camara ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Eduardo Lima ◽  
Maria Elizabeth Fernandes Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Termite Mounds ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Surrounding Soil

Mound-building termites are important agents of soil bioperturbation, but these species have not been extensively studied thus far. The present study aimed to evaluate the soil particle-size and the chemical attributes of termite mounds and the surrounding soil under different land use strategies. A one-hectare plot was defined for an unmanaged degraded pasture, planted pasture, and for a eucalyptus Corymbia citriodora plantation. In each plot, the top, center, and base sections of five Cornitermes cumulans mounds, and the surrounding soil at the depths of 0-5; 5-10; 10-20 cm, were sampled in the Pinheiral, Rio de Janeiro state. In the three areas, the center of the mounds contained higher clay content, organic carbon, phosphorous, calcium and magnesium, total bases, and cation exchangeable capacity, when compared to the top, base, and the surrounding soils. However, the center had lower values of exchangeable acidity and potassium, of the three areas. In the eucalyptus plantation, the values of pH, total bases, calcium, and magnesium were lower, whereas aluminum, exchangeable acidity, sodium, and cation exchange capacity were higher both in the mounds and in the surrounding soil, in relation to the pastures. There were no differences among the three areas in terms of organic carbon, potassium, phosphorous, and total bases, in the mounds and adjacent soil. Thus, the termite activity altered the clay content and most of the soil chemical properties in all of the studied areas, but only for the center of the mounds. However, the effect of these organisms was different in the eucalyptus plantation in relation to the pasture areas.

scholarly journals Changes in Soil Phosphorus Pools and Chemical Properties under Liming in Nitisols of Farawocha, South Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fikeremareyam Chulo ◽  
Fanuel Laekemariam ◽  
Alemayehu Kiflu
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
P Pools

Understanding the nutrient dynamics in acid soil is fundamental to carry out proper management. The study was conducted to investigate phosphorus (P) pools and selected properties under different rates of lime for acid nitisols of Farawocha, Southern Ethiopia. Four lime rates incubated for a month in three replications were tested. The lime rates were 0 t/ha (0%), 5.25 t/ha (50%), 10.5 t/ha (100%), and 15.75 t/ha (150%). Lime requirement (LR) for 100% was calculated targeting soil pH of 6.5. Data on the P pools such as soluble P (P-sol) and bounded forms of P with iron (Fe-P), aluminum (Al-P), calcium (Ca-P), organic part (Org-P), residual P (Res-P), and total of P fractions were measured. In addition, changes in soil chemical properties such as pH, exchangeable acidity, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), boron (B), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) were analyzed. The result showed that total P was 357.5 mg/kg. Compared to nontreated soil, liming at a rate of 15.75 t/ha significantly improved P-sol (34.2%, r2 = 0.88), Ca-P (61.6%, r2 = 0.92), and Res-P (195%, r2 = 0.94); however, it reduced Fe-P (58.5%, r2 = −0.83), Al-P (71%, r2 = −0.97), and Org-P (19.1%, r2 = 0.93). Overall, the P-associated fractions in the soil, regardless of the lime rates, were in the order of Org_P > Res_P > Fe_P > Ca_P > Al_P > P-sol. Liming raised soil pH by 2.1 units (4.5 to 6.6) over nonlimed soil, whereas it reduced exchangeable acidity from 4.18 to 0.23 meq/100 g soil. Available P, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Zn, and B contents were significantly improved with lime application. However, liming reduced Fe and Mn contents. In conclusion, these findings showed that liming facilitated the release of P from various pools, modified pH and exchangeable acidity, and resulted in beneficial changes for most of the soil chemical properties.

scholarly journals Composition, prevalence and abundance of Ixodid cattle ticks at Ethio-Kenyan Border, Dillo district of Borana Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 204-212
Author(s):  
Dabasa Golo ◽  
Zewdei Wubishet ◽  
Shanko Tadelle ◽  
Jilo Kula ◽  
Gurmesa Gete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cattle Ticks ◽  
Borana Zone

scholarly journals Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Epigeal Termite Mounds in Pastures

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Santana de Lima ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Gilsonley Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Rafael de Moura Pontes ◽  
Anderson Ribeiro Diniz
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Termite Mounds ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

scholarly journals Indigenous Environmental Knowledge of Borana Pastoralists

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-131
Author(s):  
Dejene Alemayehu ◽  
Zerihun Doda
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Natural Resources Management ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Customary Practices ◽  
Borana Zone

This paper investigated the indigenous environmental knowledge (IEK) of Borana pastoralists in Dhas district of Borana zone in Southern Ethiopia. To select participants for key informant interview and focus group discussion (FGD), snowball sampling was used to pinpoint people who have IEK of Borana pastoralists. Results show that the customary practices of Borana pastoralists that linked to multi-dimensional natural resources management (NRM) include the taxonomy of pastureland and water resources instituted on the season of utility and gazing dimensions, range scouts, herd splitting, cattle mobility, herd diversification, and bush burning. However, currently owing to various factors the IEKs of Borana pastoralists have been facing threatening challenges that question their existence. The study incorporated the capitalization on the customary institutions that advance the IEK and cattle productivity finally improving the livelihoods of the Borana pastoralists. This research intends to help various stakeholders, predominantly pastoralist development office, ecologists and other development partners in a bid to develop Borana pastoralists, to boost their sustainability, and to promote sustainable NRM.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of improving coastal saline-alkali soil by periphyton

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Zhu ◽  
Tianyun Shao ◽  
Yujie Zhou ◽  
Xiumei Gao ◽  
Xiaohua Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
Alkali Soil ◽  
Unplanted Soil

Periphyton plays an indispensable role in coastal saline-alkali land, but its function is poorly understood. Soil physical and chemical properties (pH value, salinity, soil organic matter), enzyme activity and microbial diversity (based on 16s rDNA, ITS and functional genes) were measured in periphyton formed on rice-growing coastal saline-alkali soil modified by a new type of soil conditioner. The results showed that the content of organic matter and catalase activity in periphyton were significantly higher than in the unplanted control soil. Soil pH and salinity were decreased in periphyton compared to the unplanted control soil. Based on the relative abundance, bacterial genera Desulfomicrobium, Rhodobacter, cyanobacterium_scsio_T−2, Gemmatimonas, and Salinarimonas as well as fungal genus Fusarium were more abundant in periphyton than the unplanted control soil. In terms of functional genes, the cbbM and cbbL sequencing showed higher abundance of Hydrogenophaga, Rhodovulum, Magnetospira, Leptothrix, and Thiohalorhabdus, whereas the nifH sequencing indicated higher abundance of Cyanobacteria in the periphyton compared to the unplanted soil. The relative abundance and community structure of soil microorganisms were improved by periphyton, thus reducing soil salinity and pH, increasing soil organic matter and enzyme activity. This indicated that the periphyton can improve the conditions and offer a suitable environment for plant growth in coastal saline-alkali soil.

scholarly journals Soil Carbon Sequestration, CO2 Emission, and Soil Quality under Smallholder Farmers’ Fields in Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanuel Laekemariam
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pulse Field ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Smallholder Farms

Abstract BackgroundSoil organic carbon (SOC) is key indicator of soil quality and health. It has quite a lot of benefits to the ecosystem. Information on the magnitude of carbon pool under field scale of subsistence farms is scanty. This study was aimed to assess SOC storage, CO2 emissions and soil quality, under different fields in smallholder farms of southern Ethiopia. Five fields within a farm were investigated viz. coffee (Coffea arabica L.), enset (Ensete ventricosum), root and tuber crop field (RTC), cereal and pulse field (main field) and fallow land. For each field, eight representative farms that make a total of 40 farms were randomly selected. Surface soil samples were collected, and analyzed to determine soil physico-chemical properties. SOC stock (t ha-1), C-sequestration, and CO2 emission were also computed.ResultsThe result showed that the field that sequestered more OC and emitted less CO2 was Coffee > Enset > RTC > main field > fallow land. C-stock and sequestration (t/ha) magnitude was being: coffee (81.4, 298.5), enset (75.5, 277.0), RTC (68.8, 252.6), main field (57.5, 211.0) and fallow (43.3, 159). Using coffee field as least CO2 emitter and as the base value for comparison, the percentage increment in CO2 emission out of the sequestered carbon was 7.2% (enset), 15.4% (RTC), 29.3% (main field) and 46.7% (Fallow).The result regarding soil quality further revealed significant differences in almost all of investigated parameters. The minimum and maximum values being recorded in all fields were: bulk density (BD) (1.05, 1.29 gm cm-3), pH (6.1, 7.0), SOC (1.1, 2.48%), TN (0.09-0.19%), available P (1.1, 70.9 mg/kg), total exchangeable bases (9.5, 20.5 Cmolc/kg), K/Mg (0.37,1.02), B (0.4, 1.2 mg/kg) Cu (0.32, 0.91 mg/kg), Zn (5, 20.5 mg/kg), Fe (105.5, 133.8 mg/kg) and CEC (18.6, 27.5 mg/kg). Fields in the backyard (enset and coffee) showed lowest BD and maximum values of soil chemical properties. On contrary, highest BD and lowest values of chemical parameter were observed in main and fallow fields. Soil deterioration index (%) relative to coffee field for OC, N, P, and K in their order was as follows: enset [-2.8, 0, 254.5, 23.1], RTC [-17.7, -31.6, -59.5, -34.6], main field [-35, -47.4,-79, -46] and fallow [-55.7, -52.6, -94.5,and -76.9].ConclusionDifferent fields within smallholder farms exhibited significant variation in amount of carbon sequestered, CO2 emission, soil degradation and soil quality. Thus, climate smart soil management practices that would enhance SOC and simultaneously increasing soil quality is suggested e.g., integrated nutrient management.

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