Repairing of Subchondral Defect and Articular Cartilage of Knee Joint of Rabbit by Gadolinium Containing Bio-Nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1584-1597
Author(s):  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Jiang Xiu ◽  
Fuguo Shen ◽  
Song Jin ◽  
Wencai Sun
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Zealand White Rabbit ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Rabbit Knee ◽  
Tgf Β1

A variety of gadolinium (Gd) based nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized due to the unique magnetic properties of Gd-containing rare earth compounds and the particularity of micro/nano-materials, which were then incorporated into hydroxyapatite (HA) to obtain inorganic-organic composite materials. Then, HA/Gd NPs containing slow-release transforming growth factor (TGF-β1) were harvested. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were extracted from the adipose tissue of a four-month-old New Zealand white rabbit. HA/Gd NPs were attached to absorbable gelatin sponge to obtain HA/Gd NPs/gelatin sponge composite scaffold. In addition, the third generation ADSCs were taken and cultured in the composite scaffold, so that ADSCs-HA/Gd bio-nanocomposites were obtained. The in vitro culture test of osteoblast MC3T3-E1 showed that Gd-containing NPs had good biocompatibility. The prepared HA/Gd NPs loaded with TGF-β1 were spherical, with an average particle size of (9.16 ± 3.16) μm. The NPs were easy to aggregate and adherent. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test results showed that TGF-β1 in NPs was sustained and released continuously for 29 days. HA/Gd NPs/gelatin sponge composite scaffold combined with ADSCs were co-cultured for three days, and the electron microscope showed that the HA/Gd NPs were dispersed, and the cells could adhere and grow well. Then, animal models of rabbit knee articular cartilage defects were established and were rolled into three groups (ADSCs-HA/Gd nano group, HA/Gd nano scaffold group, and blank control). The repair area of the rabbit knee of ADSCs-HA/Gd nano group was smooth and flat, the scaffold was absorbed, the toluidine blue stain was positive, and the type II collagen immunohistochemical stain was positive. In general, ADSCs-HA/Gd nanomaterials were helpful for chondrogenic cell differentiation and had certain adoption prospects in the field of tissue engineering to repair cartilage defects.

scholarly journals A composite scaffold of Wharton’s jelly and chondroitin sulphate loaded with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells repairs articular cartilage defects in rat knee

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Li ◽  
Yikang Bi ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
Lu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Composite Scaffolds ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects

AbstractTo evaluate the performance of a composite scaffold of Wharton’s jelly (WJ) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) and the effect of the composite scaffold loaded with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in repairing articular cartilage defects, two experiments were carried out. The in vitro experiments involved identification of the hUCMSCs, construction of the biomimetic composite scaffolds by the physical and chemical crosslinking of WJ and CS, and testing of the biomechanical properties of both the composite scaffold and the WJ scaffold. In the in vivo experiments, composite scaffolds loaded with hUCMSCs and WJ scaffolds loaded with hUCMSCs were applied to repair articular cartilage defects in the rat knee. Moreover, their repair effects were evaluated by the unaided eye, histological observations, and the immunogenicity of scaffolds and hUCMSCs. We found that in vitro, the Young’s modulus of the composite scaffold (WJ-CS) was higher than that of the WJ scaffold. In vivo, the composite scaffold loaded with hUCMSCs repaired rat cartilage defects better than did the WJ scaffold loaded with hUCMSCs. Both the scaffold and hUCMSCs showed low immunogenicity. These results demonstrate that the in vitro construction of a human-derived WJ-CS composite scaffold enhances the biomechanical properties of WJ and that the repair of knee cartilage defects in rats is better with the composite scaffold than with the single WJ scaffold if the scaffold is loaded with hUCMSCs.

scholarly journals A semi-degradable composite scaffold for articular cartilage defects

2011 ◽  
Vol 97A (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Scholten ◽  
Kenneth W. Ng ◽  
Kiwon Joh ◽  
Lorenzo P. Serino ◽  
Russell F. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects

scholarly journals Silk fibroin hydrogel scaffolds incorporated with chitosan nanoparticles repair articular cartilage defects by regulating TGF-β1 and BMP-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Yanping Liu ◽  
Qiang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Joint Cartilage ◽  
Hydrogel Scaffolds ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects ◽  
Tgf Β1

AbstractCartilage defects frequently occur around the knee joint yet cartilage has limited self-repair abilities. Hydrogel scaffolds have excellent potential for use in tissue engineering. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the ability of silk fibroin (SF) hydrogel scaffolds incorporated with chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NPs) to repair knee joint cartilage defects. In the present study, composite systems of CS NPs incorporated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1; TGF-β1@CS) and SF incorporated with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2; TGF-β1@CS/BMP-2@SF) were developed and characterized with respect to their size distribution, zeta potential, morphology, and release of TGF-β1 and BMP-2. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were co-cultured with TGF-β1@CS/BMP-2@SF extracts to assess chondrogenesis in vitro using a cell counting kit-8 assay, which was followed by in vivo evaluations in a rabbit model of knee joint cartilage defects. The constructed TGF-β1@CS/BMP-2@SF composite system was successfully characterized and showed favorable biocompatibility. In the presence of TGF-β1@CS/BMP-2@SF extracts, BMSCs exhibited normal cell morphology and enhanced chondrogenic ability both in vitro and in vivo, as evidenced by the promotion of cell viability and the alleviation of cartilage defects. Thus, the TGF-β1@CS/BMP-2@SF hydrogel developed in the present study promoted chondrogenic ability of BMSCs both in vivo and in vitro by releasing TGF-β1 and BMP-2, thereby offering a novel therapeutic strategy for repairing articular cartilage defects in knee joints.

scholarly journals Determination of ochratoxin a in coffee by ELISA method and its relationship with the physical, physicochemical and microbiological properties

Revista Vitae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robinson Monsalve-Atencio ◽  
Karolay Sanchez ◽  
Jairo Camaño ◽  
Seneida Lopera-Cardona ◽  
Blanca Ortiz-Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Microbiological Properties

BACKGROUND: Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world; however, it may contain toxic compounds such as ochratoxin A (OTA). OBJECTIVES: Determine the OTA’s presence in different types of coffee, intended for beverage preparation and marketed in Colombia through the application of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyze its relationship with the physical, physicochemical and microbiological properties. METHODS: 8 samples of coffee commercialized in the Colombian market were selected, in which the OTA content was determined by applying the ELISA method. Likewise, a microbiological analysis was performed, and physicochemical properties were determined, such as moisture content, aw, percentage total dissolved solids (%TDS), and extraction yield (%EY). Physical properties such as free-flow densities, compacted bulk densities (CBD), porosity, average particle size (ASP), and color. The data were treated with multivariate analysis using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis (CA) to quantitatively investigate the relationships between the coffee samples concerning their physical, physicochemical properties, and OTA content. LSD test was applied with a significance level of 95 % and Pearson correlation test. RESULTS: All the samples had OTA content, but only 2 exceeded the limits allowed by the regulations, with a maximum value of 15.449 µg/Kg, which represents 31.449 % of the tolerable daily intake according to the parameters defined by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). According to the PCA and CA, the samples were grouped harmonically according to the type of coffee associated with its commercial presentation and industrial process, OTA content, and ASP. OTA content was significantly and positively correlated (p < 0.05) with %EY, %TDS, ASP, porosity, CBD, and moisture. CONCLUSIONS: The coffees marketed in Colombia showed a variable range of OTA, where soluble coffees had higher OTA contents than roasted coffees, and 25 % of the coffees analyzed do not meet the levels defined by Colombian regulations. The OTA content in coffee is related to properties that define the ability to extract solutes from coffee.

Covalently conjugated transforming growth factor-β1 in modular chitosan hydrogels for the effective treatment of articular cartilage defects

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 742-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogyu Choi ◽  
Soyon Kim ◽  
Jiabing Fan ◽  
Tomasz Kowalski ◽  
Frank Petrigliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogel ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogels ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects ◽  
Tgf Β1

We developed strategies to stabilize TGF-β1 signaling in visible blue-light inducible chitosan hydrogel systems for specific use in cartilage regeneration.

Articular Joint-Simulating Mechanical Load Activates Endogenous TGF-β in a Highly Cellularized Bioadhesive Hydrogel for Cartilage Repair

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Behrendt ◽  
Yann Ladner ◽  
Martin James Stoddart ◽  
Sebastian Lippross ◽  
Mauro Alini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Joint Mechanics ◽  
Tgf Β1

Background: The treatment of osteochondral defects (OCDs) constitutes a major problem for orthopaedic surgeons. The altered mechanics and the cell types, with associated soluble factors derived from the exposed subchondral bone, are likely responsible for the mechanically and structurally inferior articular cartilage subsequently obtained as a repair tissue. There is therefore an unmet clinical need for bioresponsive biomaterials that allow cell delivery, reduce cell infiltration from the bone marrow, and support chondrogenesis in the presence of joint mechanical loading. Purpose: To develop a cell-laden injectable biomaterial, with bioadhesive properties, low cell invasion, and good mechanoresilience, in which simulated joint loading could induce tissue maturation through the production and activation of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells were encapsulated in tyramine-modified hyaluronic acid (HA-Tyr) hydrogels, with crosslinking initiated by the addition of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; 0.3-2 mM). Cytocompatibility and biomechanical and adhesive properties were analyzed by live/dead staining, rheology, and push-out test, respectively. For multiaxial loading, cell-laden hydrogels were subjected to 10% compression superimposed onto a 0.5-N preload and shear loading (±25°) at 1 Hz for 1 hour per day and 5 times a week for 4 weeks. TGF-β1 production and activation were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The viscoelastic properties of the cell-laden HA-Tyr hydrogels, as crosslinked with different ratios of HRP and H2O2, were demonstrated for a range of cell densities and HRP/H2O2 concentrations. In the absence of serum supplementation, cell invasion into HA-Tyr hydrogels was minimal to absent. The bonding strength of HA-Tyr to articular cartilage compared favorably with clinically used fibrin gel. Conclusion: HA-Tyr hydrogels can be mechanically conditioned to induce activation of endogenous TGF-b1 produced by the embedded cells. HA-Tyr hydrogels function as cell carriers supporting biomechanically induced production and activation of TGF-β1 and as bioadhesive materials with low cell invasion, suggesting that they hold promise as a novel biomaterial for OCD repair strategies. Clinical Relevance: Leveraging physiological joint mechanics to support chondrogenic graft maturation in an optimized mechanosensitive hydrogel in the absence of exogenous growth factors is of highest interest for OCD repair.

Repair of Articular Cartilage Defect with Cell-Loaded Nano-HA/PLGA Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 1185-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lu ◽  
S.M. Zhang ◽  
L. Cheng ◽  
P.P. Chen ◽  
W. Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cartilaginous Tissues ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Fibrous Tissues ◽  
Articular Cartilage Defects

A novel porous composite scaffold of nano-HA/poly (lactic-co-glycolic) (PLGA) was fabricated by solvent casting/particulate leaching method. Chondrocytes were isolated from the knee articular joints of a rabbit, and then seeded in the scaffolds. The cell-loaded scaffolds were cultured in vitro for 5 days before implantation. Full-thickness articular cartilage defects were created in rabbits, and filled with and without the cell-loaded nano-HA/PLGA scaffolds. The implants were harvested after in vivo incubation of 2 and 5 weeks. Cartilaginous tissues were observed at defects repaired with the cell-loaded scaffolds, while only fibrous tissues were found for the control groups. The repaired tissues were evaluated histologically by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results revealed that nano-HA/PLGA composite scaffolds facilitated adheration of cells in vitro, and the nano-HA particles could prevented the scaffolds from collapsing and promoted the formation of cartilaginous tissue in vivo.

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