Effect of the Dosage of Tourmaline on Far Infrared Emission Properties of Tourmaline/Glass Composite Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3899-3903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongchen Zhang ◽  
Junping Meng ◽  
Jinsheng Liang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Zhaoyang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Infrared Emissivity ◽  
Glass Composite ◽  
Emission Properties ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Glass Powders

Tourmaline/glass composite materials were prepared by sintering at 600 °C using micron-size tourmaline mineral and glass powders as raw materials. The glass has lower melting point than the transition temperature of tourmaline. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the far infrared emissivity of composite was significantly higher than that of either tourmaline or glass powders. A highest far infrared emissivity of 0.925 was obtained when the dosage of tourmaline was 10 wt%. The effects of the amount of tourmaline on the far infrared emission properties of composite was also systematically studied by field emission scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The tourmaline phase was observed in the composite, showing a particle size of about 70 nm. This meant that the tourmaline particles showed nanocrystallization. They distributed homogenous in the glass matrix when the dosage of tourmaline was not more than 20 wt%. Two reasons were attributed to the improved far infrared emission properties of composite: the particle size of tourmaline-doped was nanocrystallized and the oxidation of Fe2+ (0.076 nm in radius) to Fe3+ (0.064 nm in radius) took place inside the tourmaline-doped. This resulted in the shrinkage of unit cell of the tourmaline in the composite.

Effect of nano-sized cerium–zirconium oxide solid solution on far-infrared emission properties of tourmaline powders

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (30) ◽  
pp. 1550183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Guo ◽  
Liqing Yang ◽  
Weijie Hu ◽  
Wenlong Li ◽  
Haojing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Emission Property ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Xps Spectra ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Emission Properties

Far-infrared functional nanocomposites were prepared by the co-precipitation method using natural tourmaline [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], or vacancy; [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text]; [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]; and [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], or [Formula: see text] powders, ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate and zirconium(IV) nitrate pentahydrate as raw materials. The reference sample, tourmaline modified with ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate alone was also prepared by a similar precipitation route. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy show that tourmaline modified with Ce and Zr has a better far-infrared emission property than tourmaline modified with Ce alone. Through characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the mechanism for oxygen evolution during the heat process in the two composite materials was systematically studied. The XPS spectra show that [Formula: see text] ratio inside tourmaline modified with Ce alone can be raised by doping Zr. Moreover, it is showed that there is a higher [Formula: see text] ratio inside the tourmaline modified with Ce and Zr than tourmaline modified with Ce alone. In addition, XRD results indicate the formation of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] crystallites during the heat treatment and further TEM observations show they exist as nanoparticles on the surface of tourmaline powders. Based on these results, we attribute the improved far-infrared emission properties of Ce–Zr doped tourmaline to the enhanced unit cell shrinkage of the tourmaline arisen from much more oxidation of [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] inside the tourmaline caused by the change in the catalyst redox properties of [Formula: see text] brought about by doping with [Formula: see text]. In all samples, tourmaline modified with 7.14 wt.% Ce and 1.86 wt.% Zr calcined at 800[Formula: see text]C for 5 h has the best far-infrared emission property with the maximum emissivity value of 98%.

Effects of Particle Size on Far Infrared Emission Properties of Tourmaline Superfine Powders

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2083-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junping Meng ◽  
Wei Jin ◽  
Jinsheng Liang ◽  
Yan Ding ◽  
Kun Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Emission Properties

scholarly journals Negative Air Ion Release and Far Infrared Emission Properties of Polyethylene terephthalate/Germanium Composite Fiber

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Yanan Zhu ◽  
Mingqiao Ge
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Germanium Content ◽  
Emission Properties ◽  
Germanium Concentration

PET/germanium composite fibers that with negative air ion release and far infrared emission properties were prepared by adding germanium particles to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and melt-spinning. The morphology, effect of the germanium content on the negative air ion release, far infrared emission, thermal and mechanical properties of the fibers were investigated. The germanium particles uniformly disperse in the PET fibers when the concentration ranged from 1% to 3 percent. The value of the negative air ions released by the PET/germanium composite fibers increased with increasing content of germanium and reached 1470 ions/cm-3 at 3% germanium concentration. The highest far infrared normal emissivity (0.9) was obtained at 3% germanium concentration. The TG and DSC analysis revealed that the two heat histories used had little effect on the PET. The crystallinity of the composite fibers decreased with increasing germanium content. Water fastness testing showed that the PET/germanium composite fibers had excellent and durable negative air ion release and far infrared emission properties. The breaking strength of the fibers decreased with increasing of the germanium content.

Impact-Resistant Polypropylene/Short Glass Fiber Composites with Far-Infrared Emission: Manufacturing Technique and Property Evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 365-366 ◽  
pp. 1148-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Horng Lin ◽  
Zheng Yan Lin ◽  
Jin Mao Chen ◽  
Chen Hung Huang ◽  
Ching Wen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Infrared Emissivity ◽  
Short Glass Fiber ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Short Glass

This study produces the far-infrared emitting composites by using impact-resistant polypropylene, short glass fibers, and far-infrared masterbatches. The addition of short glass fiber and far-infrared masterbatches is then evaluated to determine their influence on the mechanical properties and far-infrared emissivity of the resulting composites. The experimental results show that with an increase in the content of short glass fibers, the tensile strength increases from 34 MPa to 56 MPa, the far-infrared emissivity increases from 0.85 to 0.93, but the impact strength decreases from 1037 J/m to 197 J/m, proving that the resulting composites have desired mechanical properties and far-infrared emission.

Preparation and Far Infrared Emission Properties of Natural Sepiolite Nanofibers

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2017-2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Jinsheng Liang ◽  
Qingguo Tang ◽  
Liwei Li ◽  
Lijun Han
Keyword(s):  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Emission Properties ◽  
Sepiolite Nanofibers

Theoretical Calculation for Far Infrared Emissivity of Tourmaline Powder Materials

2010 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Pei Peng Wang ◽  
Jin Sheng Liang ◽  
Jun Ping Meng ◽  
Yan Ding ◽  
Yi Lin Han
Keyword(s):  
Far Infrared ◽  
Weight Coefficient ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
Infrared Emissivity ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effective Function

The chemical composition of tourmaline crystal structure was investigated by using Diamond software and the relationship between the far infrared emissivity and the parameters of composition, structure and particle size of tourmaline materials was analyzed, and then four effective factors on the infrared emissivity were determined. By analyzing the effect of the variables on the emissivity, an effective function of the single variable on the emissivity was set up. Considering the weight coefficient of each factor, a calculation model on the far infrared emissivity of tourmaline was built up. Using this theoretical model, the method to improve the far infrared emission was discussed.

scholarly journals Far Infrared Radiation Property of Elbaite/Alumina Composite Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 05053
Author(s):  
Qi Lu ◽  
Bowen Li ◽  
Huan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Alumina Powder ◽  
Radiation Rate ◽  
Alumina Composite ◽  
Far Infrared Radiation

Far infrared materials have been prepared by precipitation method using natural elbaite powder as raw materials, which belongs to tourmaline group. The chemical formula of elbaite is Na(Al, Li)3Al6B3Si6O27(O, OH, F)4. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) shows that elbaite and alumina in composite material has good crystal form. In addition, XRD results indicate the formation of alumina crystallites show that alumina powder exists as nano-meter particles on the surface of elbaite powder. It can be calculated the particles diameter of Al2O3 is 47.86nm. The maximum infrared radiation rate of tourmaline/alumina composite materials is 0.89 when the ratio of alumina in elbaite powder is 20%. The infrared radiation rate has been increased by 0.03, compared with single elbaite. It shows that the infrared radiation rate of the composite materials is higher than any of a single component. Two reasons are attributed to the improve of the rate of far infrared radiation: alumina powder exists as nano-meter particles and different materials will increase the absorption peak and the vibration intensity in FTIR spectra.

Mechanism of Far Infrared Emission from Mineral Tourmaline Fine Powders

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Han ◽  
Jin Sheng Liang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Dipole ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Absorption Analysis ◽  
Infrared Emissivity ◽  
Fine Powders ◽  
Theory Point ◽  
High Emissivity

The little disturbance theory in quantum mechanics was used to research the frequency and the high emissivity of far infrared emission from natural black tourmaline on basis of the electric dipole model. Comparing the theoritical and the experimental value of the frequency we found that they are in match case. So we testified that the tourmaline partical is really composed of lots of crystal electric dipole. At the same time we explained the curves of infrared absorption analysis of natural black tourmalines at room temperature are simillar despite of their diversification in chemistry component and producing area, and they have high infrared emissivity from the theory point of view. Finally we pointed out the condition under which the high infrared emissivity of tourmaline can be obtained theoritically.

Preparation of Tourmaline and Carbon Nanotubes Based Composite Materials and its Heat Emission Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 427 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Gang Xue ◽  
Ran Yu ◽  
Sai Fei Wang ◽  
Chao Yue Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Transition Metal Oxides ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Heat Emission ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Thermal Coating

The tourmaline-based composite materials as an effective thermal coating of heat exchanger unit were prepared from natural mineral tourmaline, transition metal oxides and carbon nanotubes. The far infrared emission properties and heat emission performance were studied. The results indicated that thermal performance of materials can be adjusted with the chemical composition of materials, and when the mass percentage of carbon nanotubes is 10%, the fractional of 26.77% of energy saving efficiency can be achieved.

scholarly journals Far-Infrared Emission Properties and Thermogravimetric Analysis of Ceramic-Embedded Polyurethane Films

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 686
Author(s):  
Ashik Md Faisal ◽  
Fabien Salaün ◽  
Stéphane Giraud ◽  
Ada Ferri ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Integrating Sphere ◽  
Ceramic Particles ◽  
Emission Properties ◽  
Emissive Property ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Sonication Technique

The far-infrared ray (FIR) is one kind of electromagnetic wave employed for numerous bio-interactive applications such as body thermoregulation, infrared therapy, etc. Tuning the FIR-emitting property of the functional textile surface can initiate a new horizon to utilize this property in sportswear or even smart textiles. Ceramic particles were studied for their unique ability to constantly emit FIR rays. The purpose of this research is to characterize the FIR emission properties and the thermogravimetric analysis of ceramic-embedded polyurethane films. For this purpose, ceramic particles such as aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, and titanium dioxide were incorporated (individually) with water-based polyurethane (WPU) binder by a sonication technique to make a thin layer of film. Significant improvement in FIR emissive property of the films was found when using different ceramic particles into the polyurethane films. Reflection and transmission at the FIR range were measured with a gold integrating sphere by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The samples were also characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Different physical tests, such as tensile strength and contact angle measurements, were performed to illustrate the mechanical properties of the films. The study suggested that the mechanical properties of the polyurethane films were significantly influenced by the addition of ceramic particles.

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