Corneal Biomechanics, Refractive Error, and Axial Length in Chinese Primary School Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 4923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqiang Huang ◽  
Chukai Huang ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
Kunliang Qiu ◽  
Weifen Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Corneal Biomechanics ◽  
Primary School Children

scholarly journals A calculator proposal for estimating refractive error after 3 years using the onset biometric values in primary school children: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feride Tuncer Orhan ◽  
Haluk Huseyin Gürsoy
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Final Data ◽  
The Mean

Aim To evaluate consecutive measurements of the biometric parameters, age, and refraction error in a Turkish population at primary school age. Materials and Methods A total of 197 children aged between 7-12 years were included. The data of three consecutive measurements of children, who were examined at least once a year for three years using both cycloplegic auto-refractometry and optical biometry, were used in this retrospective study. Spherical equivalent <-0.50D was considered to be myopic; >+0.75D was considered to be hypermetropic. Age, gender, body mass index, spherical equivalent, axial length, anterior chamber depth, central corneal thickness, keratometry, and lens thickness were analyzed. The onset data obtained in 2013 whereas, the final data were from 2015. Logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed (p<0.05). Results The mean of the onset and the final spherical equivalents were 0.19D (0.56), and 0.08D (0.80), respectively. The myopia prevalence was increased among refractive errors in observation periods (univariable analysis p=0.029; multivariable analysis p=0.017). The onset axial length (HR:4.55, 95%CI:2.87-7.24, p<0.001), keratometry (HR:2.04, 95%CI:1.55-2.67, p<0.001) and age (HR:0.73, 95%CI: 0.57-0.92, p=0.009) correlated myopia progression. To calculate the estimated spherical equivalent, the onset data were included in the logistic regression model. The onset data of spherical equivalent (β=0.916, p<0.001), axial length (β=-0.451, p<0.001), anterior chamber depth (β=0.430, p=0.005) and keratometry (β=-0.172, p<0.001) were found to be significantly associated with the mean SE at the final data. Conclusions To calculate the estimated spherical equivalent following three years, an equation was proposed. The estimated refractive error of children can be calculated by using the proposed equation with the associated onset optical parameters.

scholarly journals Prevalence Study of Ocular Morbidity among Primary School Children in Delhi Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Sridhara Reddy ◽  
Gurunadh Satyanarayana Velamakanni ◽  
Shailesh Mogra
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Prevalence Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ocular Morbidity ◽  
Group 5

ABSTRACT Aim To estimate the prevalence of ocular morbidity among primary school children in Delhi area. Materials and methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was conducted among primary school children of age group 5–12 years in Delhi area. A total of 1,100 school-going children were evaluated. After questionnaire administration, visual acuity, examination of anterior and posterior segment structures of the eyes of the children were carried out. For the statistical analysis, children were divided into three groups: group I (5–7 years), group II (8–10 years), and group III ((<12 years) based on age. Results A total of 1,100 school children (625 boys and 475 girls) participated in the study. A total of 282 (25.6%) children had visual impairment and 315 (28.6%) children had ocular morbidities. The common ocular morbidities identified were refractive error 25.6%, color vision defective 0.9%, convergence defect 1.8%, and squint 0.2%. The older age group (8–10 years) had a higher prevalence of refractive error, especially myopia, compared to the younger age group (5–7 years) and group ((<12 years) (p < 0.001). Conclusion A high prevalence of ocular morbidity among school children of age group 8–10 years was observed. Refractive errors were the most common ocular disorders. This study emphasized that a simple school visual screening program is effective for the early detection of ocular problems. How to cite this article Reddy S, Velamakanni GS, Mogra S. Prevalence Study of Ocular Morbidity among Primary School Children in Delhi Area. J Med Acad 2020;3(2):43–45.

scholarly journals Refractive Error among Male Primary School Students in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: Prevalence and Associated Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 264-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Al Bahhawi ◽  
Anwar M Makeen ◽  
Hadi Hassan Daghreeri ◽  
Mohannad Faisal Tobaigy ◽  
Abdulrahman Mohammed Adawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Students ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Refractive error is a common and serious eye disorder that affects more than 153 million people globally. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and pattern of refractive error among male primary school children in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a randomly selected group of 395 students (aged 6-14 years) in Jazan region, Southwest Saudi Arabia. An optometrist and medical students assessed the refraction error using an autorefractor, a Snellen E chart and retinoscopy. Results: The overall prevalence of uncorrected refractive error in either eye was, 22% higher among rural students. The most prevalent refractive error was hyperopia (32.2%) followed by myopic astigmatism (31%) then myopia (17.2%). Next were hyperopic astigmatism (16.1%) and mixed astigmatism (3.5%). The following variables were associated with a higher risk of refractive errors and myopia: living in rural areas, having parents with refractive errors, spending more time on electronic devices and shorter visual distances. Conclusion: Refractive error was highly prevalent among primary school children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The rural students were more affected by refractive errors, mainly hyperopia. The preschool vision test should be reconsidered, and a periodic vision examination should be applied to detect vision problems as early as possible.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Refractive Error and Strabismus in Primary School Children of Tehsil Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Faheem Ullah ◽  
Naheed Mahsood ◽  
Waqas Mohyuddin ◽  
Saadullah Afridi ◽  
Zia Ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Public Health

OBJECTIVES: Refractive errors and strabismus continue to remain a significant public health problem. Among school children it has an impact on child development. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of refractive error and strabismus among primary school children. METHODOLOGY: It was a cross-sectional study. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the school children. Data was collected in November-December 2013. Visual impairment was defined as, presenting VA of < 6/12. A total of 2288 children (1746 boys and 542 girls) were screened from 26 randomly selected schools. Stratified sampling technique was used. Data were collected on pre-designed questionnaires and entered and analyzed by SPSS software version 16. RESULTS: The mean age of children was 8.10 + 2.3 years. About 4% children were found visually impaired. The prevalence of refractive error was found to be 5.4%, of which 88.6% was uncorrected refractive error. The prevalence of refractive error was found higher in girls than boys, 6.8% and 5.0% respectively. Among types of refractive error, myopia prevalence was 2.3%, hypermetropia prevalence was 2.0% and astigmatism prevalence was 1.1%. The prevalence of strabismus was 1.3%. Refractive error was found as a main cause of visual impairment in school children. Prevalence of strabismus among this study population is relatively low as compared to the global prevalence of 2% to 5%. CONCLUSION: It is recommended that more study to determine the extent of the problem and possible factors for development of refractive error and strabismus types are needed to mitigate these conditions.

scholarly journals Assessing the inclusion of primary school children in vision screening for refractive error program of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Vashist ◽  
Pallavi Shukla ◽  
SurajSenjam Singh ◽  
Vivek Gupta ◽  
Noopur Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Vision Screening

scholarly journals Ocular morbidity among primary school children

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
D Sherpa
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Convergence Insufficiency ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Ocular Morbidity

Knowledge of disease pattern in children can help design preventive and curative strategies. This study is conducted to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity among the primary school children. Children of primary school were included in this study. A complete eye examination was done in all children including loupe examination, refraction and Perkins tonometry. funduscopy were done in selected children. A total of 332 primary school children were included in the study, of which 332 children 99 (29.82 %) had ocular morbidity. Refractive error was the commonest type of ocular morbidity in 31 (9.33 %). Myopia was the commonest type of refractive error (84.77%) in contrast to hypermetropia (0.30 %). 27. Conjunctivitis was the second common type of ocular morbidity (17%). Among others, Convergence insufficiency in 17 children (5.12%), exodeviation in 10 children (3.01%), blepharitis in 5 children (1.5%), vitamin A deficiency in 5 children (1.50%), ocular trauma in 2 patients (0.60%) and stye in 2 children (0.60%) were found. Refractive error is the commonest form of ocular morbidity in primary school children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i2.10860 Journal of Chitwan Medical College 2014; 4(2): 32-34

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