Short-term effects of synthetic human parathyroid hormone-(1--34) administration on bone mineral metabolism in osteoporotic patients.

Calciotropic hormones, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin are involved in the regulation of bone mineral metabolism and maintenance of calcium and phosphate homeostasis in the body. Therefore, an understanding of environmental and genetic factors influencing PTH and calcitonin levels is crucial. Genetic factors are estimated to account for 60% of variations in PTH levels, while the genetic background of interindividual calcitonin variations has not yet been studied. In this review, we analyzed the literature discussing the influence of environmental factors (lifestyle factors and pollutants) on PTH and calcitonin levels. Among lifestyle factors, smoking, body mass index (BMI), diet, alcohol, and exercise were analyzed; among pollutants, heavy metals and chemicals were analyzed. Lifestyle factors that showed the clearest association with PTH levels were smoking, BMI, exercise, and micronutrients taken from the diet (vitamin D and calcium). Smoking, vitamin D, and calcium intake led to a decrease in PTH levels, while higher BMI and exercise led to an increase in PTH levels. In terms of pollutants, exposure to cadmium led to a decrease in PTH levels, while exposure to lead increased PTH levels. Several studies have investigated the effect of chemicals on PTH levels in humans. Compared to PTH studies, a smaller number of studies analyzed the influence of environmental factors on calcitonin levels, which gives great variability in results. Only a few studies have analyzed the influence of pollutants on calcitonin levels in humans. The lifestyle factor with the clearest relationship with calcitonin was smoking (smokers had increased calcitonin levels). Given the importance of PTH and calcitonin in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis and bone mineral metabolism, additional studies on the influence of environmental factors that could affect PTH and calcitonin levels are crucial.

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Concentrations of Ca, Mg, P, Prostaglandin E2 in Bones and Parathyroid Hormone; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; 17-β-estradiol; Testosterone and Somatotropin in Plasma of Aging Rats Subjected to Physical Training in Cold Water

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11050616 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 616

Author(s):

Mateusz Bosiacki ◽

Izabela Gutowska ◽

Katarzyna Piotrowska ◽

Anna Lubkowska

Keyword(s):

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Bone Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Physical Training ◽

Cold Water ◽

Mineral Metabolism ◽

Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽

Aging Rats ◽

Bone Mineral Metabolism ◽

1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3

Exposure to low temperatures can be considered a stressor, which when applied for a specific time can lead to adaptive reactions. In our study we hypothesized that cold, when applied to the entire body, may be a factor that positively modifies the aging process of bones by improving the mechanisms related to the body’s mineral balance. Taking the above into account, the aim of the study was to determine the concentration of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and phosphorus (P) in bones, and to examine bone density and concentrations of the key hormones for bone metabolism, namely parathyroid hormone (PTH), somatotropin (GH), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 17-β estradiol, testosterone (T) in plasma, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the bone of aging rats subjected to physical training in cold water. The animals in the experiment were subjected to a series of swimming sessions for nine weeks. Study group animals (male and female respectively) performed swimming training in cold water at 5 ± 2 °C and in water with thermal comfort temperature (36 ± 2 °C). Control animals were kept in a sedentary condition. Immersion in cold water affects bone mineral metabolism in aging rats by changing the concentration of Ca, Mg, and P in the bone, altering bone mineral density and the concentration of key hormones involved in the regulation of bone mineral metabolism. The effect of cold-water immersion may be gender-dependent. In females, it decreases Ca and Mg content in bones while increasing bone density and 17-β estradiol and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels, and with a longer perspective in aging animals may be positive not only for bone health but also other estrogen-dependent tissues. In males, cold water swimming decreased PTH and PGE2 which resulted in a decrease in phosphorus content in bones (with no effect on bone density), an increase in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and increase in T and GH, and may have positive consequences especially in bones and muscle tissue for the prevention of elderly sarcopenia.

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Variability of Parathyroid Hormone and Other Markers of Bone Mineral Metabolism in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology ◽

10.2215/cjn.09471209 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 1261-1267 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Clare Gardham ◽

Paul E. Stevens ◽

Michael P. Delaney ◽

Marica LeRoux ◽

Adrian Coleman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Metabolism ◽

Bone Mineral Metabolism

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The short-term changes of bone mineral metabolism following bone marrow transplantation

Bone ◽

10.1016/s8756-3282(99)00265-3 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 275-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

M.I Kang ◽

W.Y Lee ◽

K.W Oh ◽

J.H Han ◽

K.H Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Marrow Transplantation ◽

Mineral Metabolism ◽

Short Term ◽

Bone Mineral Metabolism

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Integrated Medicine with vegetable derived antioxidant and vitamin D : effects on oxidative stress and bone mineral metabolism of aged patients with renal disease

Functional Foods in Health and Disease ◽

10.31989/ffhd.v6i6.269 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 379 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Francesco Carluccio ◽

Macello Lenucci ◽

Gabriella Piro ◽

Werner Siems ◽

Josè Luño

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Metabolism ◽

Integrated Medicine ◽

Bone Mineral Metabolism

Background: Aging and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with bone mineral metabolism disorders, in addition to disarrangement of trabeculae structure and bone architecture. Increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) have been related with abnormal bone turn over. Lycopene, a plant derived micronutrient, has strong quenching and free radical scavenging attitude. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lycopene and calcifediol (25 OH D3) based Integrated Medicine on ALP, PTH and oxidative stress. Methods: In octogenarians, nonagenarians and centenarians with chronic kidney disease (GFR :45 ±10,4 ml/min/1,73 m2), vitamin D deficiency and abnormal ALP, PTH blood values, the effects of daily lycopene supplementation on blood oxysterols and on 4-hydroxy-2,3-trans- nonenal (4-HNE) as markers of oxidative stress were evaluated. The effects of calcifediol administration together with daily lycopene supplementation on PTH and ALP blood concentrations were also investigated. Results: Daily lycopene supplementation induced a reduction of oxysterols (α-triol: 0.40 ± 0.07 μg / L vs 0.32 ± 0, 04 μg / L and β-epoxi cholesterol: 5.3 ± 1.3 μg / L vs 3.7 ± 0.6 μg / L) but not of 4-HNE (0.27 ± 0.18 nmol / L vs 0.25 ± 0.20 nmol / L). Vitamin D added to lycopene for two weeks decreased the blood values of ALP (106 ± 40 U / L vs 69 ± 19 U / L) and PTH (108 ±42 pg/ml vs 66± 21 pg/ml). Conclusion: Tomato derived lycopene, with daily supplements, decreased cholesterol oxidation products. Calcifediol and vegetable derived antioxidant daily supplementations were associated to normalization of ALP and PTH. Keywords: oxysterols; 4-hydroxynonenal; lycopene; alkaline phosphatase; parathyroid hormone; chronic kidney disease (CKD)

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