scholarly journals Exploring Applications of Eye Tracking in Operational Meteorology Research

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 2019-2025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie A. Wilson ◽  
Pamela L. Heinselman ◽  
Ziho Kang
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Research Domains ◽  
Tracking Technology

Abstract Eye-tracking technology can observe where and how someone’s eye gaze is directed, and therefore provides information about one’s attention and related cognitive processes in real time. The use of eye-tracking methods is evident in a variety of research domains, and has been used on few occasions within the meteorology community. With the goals of Weather Ready Nation in mind, eye-tracking applications in meteorology have so far supported the need to address how people interpret meteorological information through televised forecasts and graphics. However, eye tracking has not yet been applied to learning about forecaster behavior and decision processes. In this article, we consider what current methods are being used to study forecasters and why we believe eye tracking is a method that should be incorporated into our efforts. We share our first data collection of an NWS forecaster’s eye gaze data, and explore the types of information that these data provide about the forecaster’s cognitive processes. We also discuss how eye-tracking methods could be applied to other aspects of operational meteorology research in the future, and provide motivation for further exploration on this topic.

The Use of Eye-Tracking in Spatial Thinking Research

2019 ◽  
pp. 588-609
Author(s):  
Alina Nazareth ◽  
Rosalie Odean ◽  
Shannon M. Pruden
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Cognitive Strategy ◽  
Spatial Thinking ◽  
Educational Pedagogy ◽  
Spatial Tasks ◽  
Tracking Technology

This chapter highlights the benefits of eye-tracking technology in spatial thinking research, specifically in the study of complex cognitive processes used to solve spatial tasks including cognitive strategy selection, cognitive strategy flexibility and spatial language processing. The consistent sex differences found in spatial thinking research (i.e., mental rotation), with males outperforming females, is concerning given the link between spatial ability and success in the STEM fields. Traditional methods like self-reports, checklists and response times methods may not be sufficient to study complex cognitive processes. Advances in eye-tracking technology make it possible to efficiently record and analyze voluminous eye-gaze data as an indirect measure of underlying cognitive processes involved in solving spatial tasks. A better understanding of the cognitive processes underlying spatial thinking will facilitate the design of effective training and educational pedagogy that encourages spatial thinking across both males and females.

The Use of Eye-Tracking in Spatial Thinking Research

2017 ◽  
pp. 239-260
Author(s):  
Alina Nazareth ◽  
Rosalie Odean ◽  
Shannon M. Pruden
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Cognitive Strategy ◽  
Spatial Thinking ◽  
Educational Pedagogy ◽  
Spatial Tasks ◽  
Tracking Technology

This chapter highlights the benefits of eye-tracking technology in spatial thinking research, specifically in the study of complex cognitive processes used to solve spatial tasks including cognitive strategy selection, cognitive strategy flexibility and spatial language processing. The consistent sex differences found in spatial thinking research (i.e., mental rotation), with males outperforming females, is concerning given the link between spatial ability and success in the STEM fields. Traditional methods like self-reports, checklists and response times methods may not be sufficient to study complex cognitive processes. Advances in eye-tracking technology make it possible to efficiently record and analyze voluminous eye-gaze data as an indirect measure of underlying cognitive processes involved in solving spatial tasks. A better understanding of the cognitive processes underlying spatial thinking will facilitate the design of effective training and educational pedagogy that encourages spatial thinking across both males and females.

If Eyes are the Window to Our Soul, What Role does Eye-Tracking Play in Accounting Research?

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Lynch ◽  
Lindsay M. Andiola
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavioral Accounting ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Psychological Constructs ◽  
Instructional Resource ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Research Domains

ABSTRACT Recent advances in technology have increased the accessibility and ease in using eye-tracking as a research tool. These advances have the potential to benefit behavioral accounting researchers' understanding of the cognitive processes underlying individuals' judgments, decisions, and behaviors. However, despite its potential and wide use in other disciplines, few behavioral accounting studies use eye-tracking. The purpose of this paper is to familiarize accounting researchers with eye-tracking, including its advantages and limitations as a research tool. We start by providing an overview of eye-tracking and discussing essential terms and useful metrics, as well as the psychological constructs they proxy. We then summarize eye-tracking research across research domains, review accounting studies that use eye-tracking, and identify future research directions across accounting topics. Finally, we provide an instructional resource to guide those researchers interested in using eye-tracking, including important considerations at each stage of the study. JEL Classifications: M41; C91.

scholarly journals Effects of age on memory for pragmatic implications in advertising

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183449092110004
Author(s):  
Jing Yu ◽  
Xue-Rui Peng ◽  
Ming Yan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Time Processing ◽  
Movement Data ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Advertising Content ◽  
Inferential Processing ◽  
Tracking Technology

People employ automatic inferential processing when confronting pragmatically implied claims in advertising. However, whether comprehension and memorization of pragmatic implications differ between young and older adults is unclear. In the present study, we used eye-tracking technology to investigate online cognitive processes during reading of misleading advertisements. We found an interaction between age and advertising content, manifested as our older participants generated higher misleading rates in health-related than in health-irrelevant products, whereas this content-bias did not appear in their younger counterparts. Eye movement data further showed that the older adults spent more time processing critical claims for the health-related products than for the health-irrelevant products. Moreover, the correlations between fixation duration on pragmatic implications and misleading rates showed opposite trends in the two groups. The eye-tracking evidence novelly suggests that young and older adults may adopt different information processing strategies to comprehend pragmatic implications in advertising: More reading possibly enhances young adults’ gist memory whereas it facilitates older adults’ verbatim memory instead.

Eye-Tracking Technology

2017 ◽  
pp. 283-302
Author(s):  
Chandni Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Gaze Direction ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
High Risk Infants ◽  
Behavioral Markers ◽  
Tracking Technology ◽  
Insight Into

Eye movements and gaze direction have been utilized to make inferences about perception and cognition since the 1800s. The driving factor behind recording overt eye movements stem from the fundamental idea that one's gaze provides tremendous insight into the information processing that takes place early on during development. One of the key deficits seen in individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) involves eye gaze and social attention processing. The current chapter focuses on the use of eye-tracking technology with high-risk infants who are siblings of children diagnosed with ASD in order to highlight potential bio-behavioral markers that can inform the ascertainment of red flags and atypical behaviors associated with ASD within the first few years of development.

scholarly journals Open-source software for mouse-tracking in Qualtrics to measure category competition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya B Mathur ◽  
David Reichling
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mouse Tracking ◽  
Crowdsourced Data ◽  
Programming Skills ◽  
User Friendly

Mouse-tracking is a sophisticated tool for measuring rapid, dynamic cognitive processes in real time, particularly in experiments investigating competition between perceptual or cognitive categories. We provide user-friendly, open-source software (https://osf.io/st2ef/) for designing and analyzing such experiments online using the Qualtrics survey platform. The software consists of a Qualtrics template with embedded Javascript and CSS along with R code to clean, parse, and analyze the data. No special programming skills are required to use this software. As we discuss, this software could be readily modified for use with other online survey platforms that allow the addition of custom Javascript. We empirically validate the provided software by benchmarking its performance on previously tested stimuli in a standard category-competition experiment with realistic crowdsourced data collection.

scholarly journals Eye-tracking technology for real-time monitoring of transverse chromatic aberration

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio M. Privitera ◽  
Ramkumar Sabesan ◽  
Simon Winter ◽  
Pavan Tiruveedhula ◽  
Austin Roorda
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Tracking Technology

Using Eye-Tracking Technology to Understand How Graphic Organizers Aid Student Learning

2017 ◽  
pp. 220-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Luo ◽  
Kenneth A. Kiewra ◽  
Markeya S. Peteranetz ◽  
Abraham E. Flanigan
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Graphic Organizers ◽  
Graphic Organizer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Tracking Technology

In the past three decades, several studies have found an achievement advantage for studying graphic organizers such as a hierarchy or matrix over studying linear displays such as a text or outline (e.g., Dye, 2000; Guri-Rosenblit, 1989; Kauffman & Kiewra, 2010). However, little was learned about how students study graphic organizers and the cognitive processes involved. Recently, the advancement of eye-tracking technology has provided a means to examine how students actually study graphic organizers and the types of processing that occur. The purpose of this chapter is to explore how eye-tracking technology can be used to understand how graphic organizers aid student learning. Specifically, this chapter introduces graphic organizer research and theory, reviews recent research that used eye-tracking technology to study graphic organizers, and offers future research directions.

scholarly journals IoT Middleware for Water Management

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matej Senožetnik ◽  
Zala Herga ◽  
Tine Šubic ◽  
Luka Bradeško ◽  
Klemen Kenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Groundwater Management ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
The Future ◽  
Access To Data

Groundwater management is important for all urban systems. Thus, data needs to be available on request for various decision-makers and stakeholders. This article presents conceptual and implemented framework for collecting, analyzing and sharing of groundwater data for various purposes. It allows controlled access to data that is continuously collected from different feeds and transformed into a common format. With this approach, the latest data as well as historical records are always available for real-time queries and further analysis. The proposed system can be extended to cover other areas of data collection in the future.

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