scholarly journals Upper Gila, Salt, and Verde Rivers: Arid Land Rivers in a Changing Climate

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-47
Author(s):  
Connie A. Woodhouse ◽  
Bradley Udall
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Annual Streamflow ◽  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
Spring Precipitation ◽  
Gila River ◽  
Current Trends

AbstractThe major tributary of the Lower Colorado River, the Gila River, is a critical source of water for human and natural environments in the Southwestern US. Warmer and drier than the Upper Colorado River basin (UCRB), with less snow, and a bi-modal precipitation regime, the Gila River is controlled by a set of climatic conditions that is different from the controls on Upper Colorado River flow. Unlike the Colorado River at Lees Ferry, the Upper Gila River and major Gila River tributaries, the Salt and Verde Rivers, do not yet reflect significant declines in annual streamflow, in spite of warming trends. Annual streamflow is dominated by cool season precipitation, but the monsoon influence is discernable as well, variable across the basin and complicated by an inverse relationship with cool season precipitation in the Salt and Verde River basins. Major multi-year streamflow droughts in these two basins have frequently been accompanied by wet monsoons, suggesting that monsoon precipitation may partially offset the impacts of a dry cool season. While statistically significant trends in annual streamflow are not evident, decreases in fall and spring streamflow reflect warming temperatures and some decreases in spring precipitation. Because climatic controls vary with topography and the influence of the monsoon, the impacts of warming on streamflow in the three sub-basins is somewhat variable. However, given relationships between climate and streamflow, current trends in hydroclimate, and projections for the future, it would be prudent to expect declines in Gila River water supplies in the coming decades.

scholarly journals Winter Inputs Buffer Streamflow Sensitivity to Snowpack Losses in the Salt River Watershed in the Lower Colorado River Basin

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Marcos D. Robles ◽  
John C. Hammond ◽  
Stephanie K. Kampf ◽  
Joel A. Biederman ◽  
Eleonora M. C. Demaria
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Colorado River Basin ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Annual Streamflow ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Salt River ◽  
Lower Colorado River Basin ◽  
Lower Colorado River

Recent streamflow declines in the Upper Colorado River Basin raise concerns about the sensitivity of water supply for 40 million people to rising temperatures. Yet, other studies in western US river basins present a paradox: streamflow has not consistently declined with warming and snow loss. A potential explanation for this lack of consistency is warming-induced production of winter runoff when potential evaporative losses are low. This mechanism is more likely in basins at lower elevations or latitudes with relatively warm winter temperatures and intermittent snowpacks. We test whether this accounts for streamflow patterns in nine gaged basins of the Salt River and its tributaries, which is a sub-basin in the Lower Colorado River Basin (LCRB). We develop a basin-scale model that separates snow and rainfall inputs and simulates snow accumulation and melt using temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity. Despite significant warming from 1968–2011 and snow loss in many of the basins, annual and seasonal streamflow did not decline. Between 25% and 50% of annual streamflow is generated in winter (NDJF) when runoff ratios are generally higher and potential evapotranspiration losses are one-third of potential losses in spring (MAMJ). Sub-annual streamflow responses to winter inputs were larger and more efficient than spring and summer responses and their frequencies and magnitudes increased in 1968–2011 compared to 1929–1967. In total, 75% of the largest winter events were associated with atmospheric rivers, which can produce large cool-season streamflow peaks. We conclude that temperature-induced snow loss in this LCRB sub-basin was moderated by enhanced winter hydrological inputs and streamflow production.

Current Strategies and Socio-Economic Implications of Urban Regeneration in Hungary

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Egedy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Local Levels

In the last decade decision-makers on state, regional and local levels in Hungary gradually recognized the inevitability of urban regeneration and the opportunities the latter offers for architecture, economy and society. During the socialist era state investments focused on the forced construction of high-rise estates and inner city areas have been neglected. As a consequence of these processes urban regeneration started later in the Eastern European countries and these run-down areas could be characterised by disadvantaged positions on the new capitalist housing market. Twenty years after the change of regime stakeholders taking part in the urban regeneration process in Hungary slowly realise that problems of the built, natural and social environments overlap. Due to the change of mind first integrated urban development programmes appeared. Through these projects focusing on the rehabilitation of built and natural environments of cities experts already try to generate also socio-economic impacts. The article highlights current trends and characteristic features of urban regeneration in Hungary together with short introduction of strategies on national, regional and local levels. Main socio-economic impacts of rehabilitation processes closely related to the quality of life will also be presented through the results of empirical researches carried out in Budapest and the major Hungarian cities.

The Effect of Deficit Irrigation on Potato Evapotranspiration and Tuber Yield under Cool Season and Semiarid Climatic Conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih M. Kiziloglu . ◽  
Ustun Sahin . ◽  
Talip Tunc . ◽  
Serap Diler .
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cool Season

scholarly journals Anomalies and trends of high river flow under temperate climatic conditions in north-eastern Romania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionuț Minea ◽  
Oana Elena Chelariu
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource Management ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Pi Index ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
High River Flow

Abstract Regional water resource management plans include various scenarios related to the anomalies and trends of hydro-climatic parameters. Two methods are used for the identification of the anomalies and trends associated with high flow (annual and seasonal) of the rivers in Eastern Romania, namely the quantile perturbation method (QPM) and the partial trend method (PMT). These methods were selected due to the fact that they are suitable for data sets which do not rely on restrictive statistical assumption as common parametric and nonparametric trend tests do. For six of the nine stations analyzed, the decreasing trend in high extremes for annual high flow based on the PTM is the same as the annual trend obtained with the QPM. Using the PI index (associated with PTM) for the estimation of trend intensity, values between −2.280 and −9.015 m3/s were calculated for the decreasing trend of the annual high flow and between +1,633 m3/s (in autumn) and −9.940 m3/s (in summer) for the seasonal high flow. The results obtained on the anomalies and trends of high river flow may represent a starting point in the analysis of the evolution of water resources and their effective management.

scholarly journals Comparing the efficiency of hypoxia mitigation strategies in an urban, turbid tidal river, using a coupled hydro sedimentary–biogeochemical model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katixa Lajaunie-Salla ◽  
Aldo Sottolichio ◽  
Sabine Schmidt ◽  
Xavier Litrico ◽  
Guillaume Binet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Flow ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Tidal River ◽  
Biogeochemical Model ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Oxygenation Level ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Temporary River ◽  
The City

Abstract. In view of future coastal hypoxia widespreading, it is essential to define management solutions to preserve a good quality of coastal ecosystems. The lower Tidal Garonne River (TGR, SW France), characterized by the seasonal presence of a turbidity maximum zone and urban water discharges, is subject to episodic hypoxia events during summer low river flow periods. The future climatic conditions (higher temperature; summer droughts) but also an increasing urbanization could enhance hypoxia risks near the city of Bordeaux in the next decades. A 3D model of dissolved oxygen (DO), which couples hydrodynamics, sediment transport and biogeochemical processes, is used to assess the efficiency of different management solutions on TGR oxygenation during summer low-discharge periods. We have runned different scenarios of reduction of urban sewage overflows, displacement of urban discharges downstream from Bordeaux, and/or temporary river flow support during summer period. The model shows that each option limits hypoxia, but with variable efficiency over time and space. Sewage overflow reduction improves DO levels only locally near the city of Bordeaux. Downstream relocation of wastewater discharges allows to reach better oxygenation level in the lower TGR. The support of low river flow limits the upstream TMZ propagation and dilutes TGR waters with well-oxygenated river waters. Scenarios combining wastewater network management and low water replenishment indicate an improvement in water quality over the entire TGR. These modelling outcomes constitute important tools for local water authorities to develop the most appropriate strategies to limit hypoxia in TGR.

Determining Crop and Pan Coefficients for Cauliflower and Red Cabbage Crops Under Cool Season Semiarid Climatic Conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ustun Sahin ◽  
Yasemin Kuslu ◽  
Talip Tunc ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Kiziloglu
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Red Cabbage

The Archaeological Delineation of a Cultural Boundary in Papagueria

1955 ◽  
Vol 20 (4Part1) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Ezell
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Colorado River ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Gila River ◽  
The North ◽  
Ethnic Boundary ◽  
Cultural Boundary ◽  
Imaginary Line ◽  
River Valleys

The area dealt with in this report is that portion of northwestern Sonora and southwestern Arizona bounded on the southwest by the Gulf of California, on the west by the Colorado River valley below the junction of the Gila River, on the north by the Gila River valley, and on the east by an imaginary line from the vicinity of Gila Bend south along the western edge of the Papago Reservation and thence southwest to the mouth of the Sonoyta River on the Gulf of California (Fig. 106). Within this area Sauer has suggested a boundary between the Piman-speaking people of southern Arizona and northern Sonora, and the Yuman-speaking tribes of the lower Colorado and Gila River valleys, based on linguistic affiliations described in early historical sources (Sauer 1934, map). On archaeological evidence Gifford has suggested that the locality between Punta La Cholla and the mouth of the Sonoyta River represented a point on an ethnic boundary (Gifford 1946: 221).

scholarly journals Evidence that Recent Warming is Reducing Upper Colorado River Flows

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. McCabe ◽  
David M. Wolock ◽  
Gregory T. Pederson ◽  
Connie A. Woodhouse ◽  
Stephanie McAfee
Keyword(s):  
Colorado River ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Upper Colorado River Basin ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Reduced Water

Abstract The upper Colorado River basin (UCRB) is one of the primary sources of water for the western United States, and increasing temperatures likely will elevate the risk of reduced water supply in the basin. Although variability in water-year precipitation explains more of the variability in water-year UCRB streamflow than water-year UCRB temperature, since the late 1980s, increases in temperature in the UCRB have caused a substantial reduction in UCRB runoff efficiency (the ratio of streamflow to precipitation). These reductions in flow because of increasing temperatures are the largest documented temperature-related reductions since record keeping began. Increases in UCRB temperature over the past three decades have resulted in a mean UCRB water-year streamflow departure of −1306 million m3 (or −7% of mean water-year streamflow). Additionally, warm-season (April through September) temperature has had a larger effect on variability in water-year UCRB streamflow than the cool-season (October through March) temperature. The greater contribution of warm-season temperature, relative to cool-season temperature, to variability of UCRB flow suggests that evaporation or snowmelt, rather than changes from snow to rain during the cool season, has driven recent reductions in UCRB flow. It is expected that as warming continues, the negative effects of temperature on water-year UCRB streamflow will become more evident and problematic.

Stubble management effects on canola performance across different climatic regions of western Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Cardillo ◽  
Paul Bullock ◽  
Rob Gulden ◽  
Aaron Glenn ◽  
Herb Cutforth
Keyword(s):  
Snow Water Equivalent ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Spring Precipitation ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Snow Water ◽  
Management Effects

Cardillo, M. J., Bullock, P., Gulden, R., Glenn, A. and Cutforth, H. 2015. Stubble management effects on canola performance across different climatic regions of western Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 149–159. Previous research in the most arid region of the Canadian prairies has shown that wheat stubble cut tall the previous year can improve performance of the following canola crop. This study aimed to determine if tall stubble could benefit canola across the climatic conditions typically experienced in western Canada. Tall stubble impacts on canola were monitored over 11 site-years located throughout the prairies. At each site, tall stubble (50 cm) was compared with short stubble (20 cm). At some sites the stubble lodged allowing an unintended comparison between stubble that remained intact and stubble that was flattened. The comparison of snow water equivalent showed tall stubble caught more snow than short stubble but the benefit of additional spring soil moisture was masked by heavy spring precipitation in both 2011 and 2012. Canola biomass and yield were significantly lower in damaged versus intact stubble, either short or tall. In both years, wet spring conditions were followed by hotter and drier weather in the mid to late growing season. Soil under the damaged stubble (short or tall) likely warmed and dried more slowly in the spring, limiting early-season growth, biomass and yield. At sites where both tall and short stubble remained intact, there was a significant yield advantage with tall stubble. The intact tall stubble may have slowed evaporation and soil drying compared with intact short stubble, which reduced moisture stress later in the growing season, imparting a yield advantage.

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