scholarly journals Correction of Canopy Interception Loss Measurements in Temperate Forests: A Comparison of Necessary Adjustments among Three Different Rain Gauges Based on a Dynamic Calibration Procedure

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin’ichi Iida ◽  
Delphis F. Levia ◽  
Kazuki Nanko ◽  
Xinchao Sun ◽  
Takanori Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Canopy Interception ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Actual Volume ◽  
Field Observation Data ◽  
Interception Loss ◽  
Canopy Interception Loss

ABSTRACT Tipping-bucket rain gauges are used widely to measure the amount and intensity of gross rainfall and throughfall in forests, despite the fact that their systematic underestimations are well known. To the knowledge of the authors, no dynamic calibrations for the budget-conscious Davis gauge (Rain Collector II, Davis Instruments, California) have been published. Thus, five Davis gauges were dynamically calibrated under different constant intensities of inflow and a correction equation was derived. The derived correction equation for the Davis rain gauge is V = −0.2005Q2 + 0.702Q + 1 (R2 = 0.95, p < 0.001), where V is the actual volume of a single tip scaled by the static volume of single tip c (cm3 cm−3), and Q is actual inflow scaled by c (s−1). The Davis rain gauge was then compared to the Onset rain gauge and the Ota rain gauge, and the corrections were applied to field observation data of canopy interception loss from a temperate forest in Japan. It is necessary to apply corrections to gross rainfall and throughfall data by tipping-bucket gauges because the results reveal that such corrections change the actual interception loss computed by values from −20% to 40%, depending on the combination of gauges employed. This difference is not trivial. The systematic bias of the Davis gauge is larger than the Onset and Ota gauges. Thus, it is recommended that researchers using Davis rain gauges apply the dynamically calibrated correction equation presented here to ensure more reliable estimates of gross rainfall and canopy interception loss.

scholarly journals Validation of TRMM 3B42V7 Rainfall Product under Complex Topographic and Climatic Conditions over Hexi Region in the Northwest Arid Region of China

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuna Wang ◽  
Yongjian Ding ◽  
Chuancheng Zhao ◽  
Jian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bias Correction ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Hexi Region ◽  
Precipitation Events

Continuous and accurate spatiotemporal precipitation data plays an important role in regional climate and hydrology research, particularly in the arid inland regions where rain gauges are sparse and unevenly distributed. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and bias-correct the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42V7 rainfall product under complex topographic and climatic conditions over the Hexi region in the northwest arid region of China with the reference of rain gauge observation data during 2009–2015. A series of statistical indicators were adopted to quantitatively evaluate the error of 3B42V7 and its ability in detecting precipitation events. Overall, the 3B42V7 overestimates the precipitation with Bias of 11.16%, and its performance generally becomes better with the increasing of time scale. The agreements between the rain gauge data and 3B42V7 are very low in cold season, and moderate in warm season. The 3B42V7 shows better correlation with rain gauges located in the southern mountainous and central oasis areas than in the northern extreme arid regions, and is more likely to underestimate the precipitation in high-altitude mountainous areas and overestimate the precipitation in low-elevation regions. The distribution of the error on the daily scale is more related to the elevation and rainfall than in monthly and annual scale. The 3B42V7 significantly overestimates the precipitation events, and the overestimation mainly focuses on tiny amounts of rainfall (0–1 mm/d), which is also the range of false alarm concentration. Bias correction for 3B42V7 was carried out based on the deviation of the average monthly precipitation data during 2009–2015. The bias-corrected 3B42V7 was significantly improved compared with the original product. Results suggest that regional assessment and bias correction of 3B42V7 rainfall product are of vital importance and will provide substantive reference for regional hydrological studies.

scholarly journals Observation of Canopy Interception Loss in an Abandoned Coniferous Plantation.

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Shinohara ◽  
Jun’ichiro Ide ◽  
Naoko Higashi ◽  
Hikaru Komatsu ◽  
Tomonori Kume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canopy Interception ◽  
Coniferous Plantation ◽  
Interception Loss ◽  
Canopy Interception Loss

scholarly journals A Novel Electromagnetic Wave Rain Gauge and its Average Rainfall Estimation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3528
Author(s):  
S. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Dual Polarization ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Rain Gauges ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Average Observation

It is essential to accurately estimate rainfall to predict and prevent hydrological disasters such as floods. In this paper, an electromagnetic wave rain gauge system and a method to estimate average rainfall using the system’s multiple elevation observation data are presented. The compact electromagnetic wave rain gauge is a small-sized radar that performs very short-range observations using K-band dual-polarization technology. The method to estimate average rainfall is based on the concept of an average observation derived from multiple elevation scans with very short range and dual-polarization information. The proposed method was evaluated by comparing it with ground instruments, including a pit-gauge, tipping-bucket rain gauges, and a Parsivel disdrometer. The evaluation results demonstrated that the new methodology worked fairly well for various rainfall events.

Forest canopy interception loss exceeds wet canopy evaporation in Japanese cypress (Hinoki) and Japanese cedar (Sugi) plantations

2013 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takami Saito ◽  
Hiroki Matsuda ◽  
Misako Komatsu ◽  
Yang Xiang ◽  
Atsuhiro Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Japanese Cedar ◽  
Canopy Interception ◽  
Japanese Cypress ◽  
Interception Loss ◽  
Canopy Interception Loss

scholarly journals Modeling and measurement of two-layer-canopy interception losses in a subtropical mixed forest of central-south China

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 1995-2024 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zhang ◽  
G. M. Zeng ◽  
Y. M. Jiang ◽  
G. H. Huang ◽  
J. B. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
South China ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Canopy Interception ◽  
Sparse Model ◽  
Hydrological Fluxes ◽  
Interception Loss ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Canopy Interception Loss ◽  
Central South

Abstract. The original Gash analytical model and the sparse Gash's model have been applied to simulate rainfall interception losses from the two canopy layers in Shaoshan forest of central-south China during 2003. The total estimated interception loss from the two canopy layers is 478.4 mm with an error of 12.4 mm or 2.7% of total measured interception loss (466.0 mm). Both the original Gash model for top-canopy interception loss and the sparse model for sub-canopy loss overestimate interception losses. The simulated results show that the interception losses in top-canopy is 182.6 mm with an overestimation of 4.9% of measured losses and that in sub-canopy is 295.8 mm with an overestimation of 1.3%. The simulated values of the top-canopy suggest that 47% of the simulated interception losses are evaporated in the stage of "during storms" and 38% in "after storms", which is similar to the published results in temperate and tropical forests. However, the modelled losses from the sub-canopy show that 17% of interception losses are evaporated in "during storms" and 70% in "after storms", which is deviated from the reported results. The simulated results of two canopy interception losses in Shaoshan forest indicate that canopy structures may strongly impact hydrological fluxes in forested ecosystems.

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