Migration and Intergenerational Responsibilities

2013 ◽  
Vol 648 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Mondain ◽  
Alioune Diagne ◽  
Sara Randall
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
The Social ◽  
Transitory Phase ◽  
European Migration

Migration to Europe has become a major source of financial and social resources for an increasing number of Senegalese men who are the main providers for their natal households. European migration is seen as a transitory phase, since most of them plan to return to Senegal. We use qualitative interviews conducted in 2007 in a small town in northwest Senegal to explore the dynamics of migration among young Senegalese men, identifying their goals and examining how migration affects their lives and families. Motivations to migrate for these young men are related both to the social prestige associated with being a successful migrant and to the obligations they feel toward their elders to enable them to live out their old age in the best conditions. Because migrating is costly and demands mobilization of social networks, most migrants require the support of their elders to leave, thus reinforcing their obligations toward them and contributing to transforming the relationships between generations.

The Social Context and Resources of the Unmarried in Old Age

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat M. Keith
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Role Transitions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Life Course

A model of singleness in later life was developed to show how the social context may influence the personal and social resources of older, unmarried persons. The unmarried (especially the divorced) will be an increasing proportion of the aged population in the future, and they will require more services than will the married. Role transitions of the unmarried over the life course, finances, health, and social relationships of older singles are discussed with implications for practice and future research.

The Social Networks of Chinese Students Studying in France (中国留学生在法国的社会关系)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Carnine
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The One ◽  
Method Approach

Today close to one third of the world’s internationally mobile student population is from China, and as the trend for Chinese to study abroad grows exponentially, newer destination countries are added, some of them non-Anglophone, such as France. Regardless of where they study, Chinese students have a reputation for sticking together when abroad and for not mixing with locals. Yet what types of relationship actually come into being now that Chinese are going abroad in such unprecedented numbers? This paper is based on a broader empirical study conducted in 2011-12 from fieldwork in France, the United States, and China (N = 180) and again in 2015 in France (N = 10). The study uses a mixed-method approach based on quantitative Social Network Analysis (sna) and 25 qualitative interviews to analyze the composition of students’ social networks. The paper focuses on Chinese studying in France (N = 55). By examining different types of relationships, how they are initiated, and how resources are shared, the paper discusses how internationally mobile Chinese students interact socially, on the one hand with non-Chinese (French nationals or other international persons) and, on the other, with local Chinese immigrants. The results show that students form strong co-national relationships among themselves but not with established ethnic and migrant Chinese communities in France. As for transnational relationships, individual will and the institutional frameworks for studying abroad that underpin language and accommodation choices are found to play crucial roles in fostering local contacts with non-Chinese.今天跨国流动的学生总人数中有三分之一来自中国。然而，中国留学生有自我封闭，不同所在国当地人交往的名声。由此提出了在庞大的海外中国留学生群体中，他们的社会关系类型的问题。基于社会网络分析 (sna) 方法，我们于 2011-12 年在法国，美国和中国，2015 年在法国进行的实证研究，运用混合方法来分析中国留学生的社会网络构成。本文侧重分析中国留学生样本 (N = 55) 在法国的情况，讨论中国留学生内部，他们与其他国际学生，他们并与当地华人移民的社会交往互动。结果表明中国留学生内部之间频繁的合作关系起着关键作用，但它并不属于传统上意义上的海外华人网络。中国留学生跨国关系的形成有赖于他们的个人意愿和留学制度框架，并对他们同当地非华人的接触交往起到了至关重要的促进作用。This article is in Chinese Language

scholarly journals Inequality, Social Networks, and Internet Use: Exploring the Implications of the Social Diversification Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Eric Tsetsi ◽  
Stephen A. Rains
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Disadvantaged Groups ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Diversification Hypothesis ◽  
The Relationship

The social diversification hypothesis (SDH) suggests that in multicultural societies Internet use can help mitigate structural inequalities in access to social resources. Whereas traditionally disadvantaged groups are predicted to use the Internet to expand and diversify their social networks, advantaged groups use it to maintain existing connections. The present study investigates this central prediction of the SDH by examining the relationship between Internet and social network site (SNS) use and inequalities in network size and diversity based on race, sex, and education among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. The results largely contradict the SDH. Internet and SNS use were associated with greater networked-based inequalities stemming from education. The relationships between education and indicators of network size and diversity were stronger among Internet users than non-users and stronger among SNSs users than Internet-only users. Network inequalities directly related to race, sex, and education were also explored.

scholarly journals VEJEZ EN EDAD EXTREMA. UN ESTUDIO DE ETNOGERONTOLOGÍA SOCIAL

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laureano Reyes Gómez ◽  
Susana Villasana Benítez
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
The Social ◽  
Politica Publica

El trabajo busca ejemplificar, a través de seis estudios de caso, cómo viven la vejez los adultos mayores indígenas zoques cuando, producto de la edad avanzada, la enfermedad se convierte en insidiosa, multifactorial, su salud se diezma y está más en riesgo; se sustenta en la experiencia de personas en edad extrema, es decir, que han superado la barrera etaria de 84 años, dando cuenta de las redes sociales y soportes tanto afectivos como solidarios y de política pública que presentan.   ABSTRACT This article seeks to exemplify, through six case studies, the ways in which elderly Zoque indigenous people experience old age when, as a result of advanced age, their illnesses become insidious and multi-factorial in nature, their health deteriorates and they are at higher risk. This article is based on the experiences of persons in extreme old age, or those who are at least 84 years old, and describes the social networks, emotional support and solidarity expressed, and public policy assistance.

RU SCHOLARS, SOCIAL NETWORKS, AND BUREAUCRACY: DONGHAI 東海 MEN AND MODELS FOR SUCCESS IN WESTERN HAN CHINA (206 b.c.e.–9 c.e.)

Early China ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 237-271
Author(s):  
Liang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shi Ji

AbstractIn this study I take men from Donghai, a region of northeast China, as a case study for examining models of success in the Western Han (206 b.c.e.–9 c.e.). Employing digital tools to mine data from The Grand Scribe's Records (Shi ji) and The History of the Western Han (Han shu), I explore the social networks and career patterns of men from a region that enjoyed a reputation for producing a remarkable number of high officials and celebrated Ru. I focus on three questions. First, what was the social mechanism that enabled people to distinguish themselves at both the local and the imperial levels? Second, did these celebrated men from Donghai serve as bridges connecting the local to the capital, directing resources back to their hometown and helping their local fellows achieve success? Third, did their positions in the central government remove them from local society by transforming them into capital-dwelling elites primarily concerned about the success of their families in the central court? In addressing these questions, I probe the dynamics between bureaucratic hierarchy, social networks, and the flow of talent and resources. I investigate various understandings of prestige and the strategies for climbing the ladder of success. Furthermore, I ask which forms of social prestige—for example, academic reputation, wealth, social networks—could bypass the hierarchical system imposed by the imperial bureaucracy, providing direct access to lofty positions. Did the patterns of success seen in the Donghai group reflect a bias built into the sources, constitute a regional variation, or provide a universal model for success in early imperial China?

Gamers Who Protest

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Stokes ◽  
Dmitri Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Personal Computer ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Civic Life ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The Social ◽  
League Of Legends

Commercial games are rarely studied for their links to civic behavior. Yet small-group games online can affect the social networks that spill into civic life (and vice versa). This study examined players of the world’s most popular personal computer game, League of Legends. Such games are theorized as mirrors that reflect civic tendencies and help some players to retain social resources. Using models of civic voluntarism, the attitudes and behaviors of more than 9,000 gamers were investigated. Gamers were shown to have relatively typical civic lives, except for unusually high rates of peaceful protest. Which gamers protest? As predicted, models for protest improved when considering how players approach their gaming (including recruiting and collaboration preferences). Dispelling some civic fears, there was no evidence that video games distracted from civic life when played in moderation. The findings support an emerging notion of protest as a playful and “expressive” civic mode.

scholarly journals Social Networks of Homeless People under the Influence of Homeless Self-Sufficiency Support Centres in Japan

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-109
Author(s):  
Johannes Kiener
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Social ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Do So

Abstract Since the end of the 1990s the Japanese government and local authorities have made a series of efforts to reduce the number of homeless people in Japan, which had dramatically increased in public places. The Special Law on Temporary Measures to Support the Self-Sufficiency of Homeless People, enacted in 2002, became the foundation for nationwide countermeasures, and switched the aim of homeless support towards a self-sufficient life. This research focuses on homeless self-sufficiency support centres in Ōsaka city, which help homeless individuals to find a way back into a self-sufficient life through job assistance. It aims to establish if this kind of welfare facility is capable of rebuilding social networks or providing clients with the necessary skills to do so. This question is addressed through a detailed description of the facility, the support it offers and an analysis of the social networks of former clients based on qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey. The results show that in the support offered by the facility, social networks are not considered to be a crucial factor for escaping homelessness and are therefore not targeted. Although some former clients are able to rebuild social networks around the workplace, these networks have only a minor role in mutual support.

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