scholarly journals Role of the Publisher in the Dissemination of Knowledge

1975 ◽  
Vol 421 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon B. Neavill
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Setting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Multiple Copies ◽  
Geographical Space ◽  
Made In

In literate societies, publication is a major mode of the dissemination of knowledge. Far from being a neutral middleman in this process, the publisher influences both the production and consumption of intellectual works. The publisher forms an important part of the institutional setting in which authorship takes place. By commissioning authors to write some works, and through his influence at the editorial stage, the publisher influences the content of what is written. The publisher acts as a gatekeeper, determining which works will be made available to the public. He oversees the reproduction of works in multiple copies, determining the kind of book which is made from a work. Although normally not responsible for the distribution of books to consumers, the publisher plays a role in distribution both across geographical space and to different groups of readers. Through his role at the stages of production, assessment, reproduction and distribution, the publisher influences the consumption of knowledge. However, consumers also influence the publisher, and the publisher's decisions are made in light of his conception of the audience.

scholarly journals Bilingualism, cognition, and aging

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUBIN ABUTALEBI ◽  
HARALD CLAHSEN
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The Public ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Cognition And Aging ◽  
The Guardian ◽  
Made In

Topics in psycholinguistics and the neurocognition of language rarely attract the attention of journalists or the general public. One topic that has done so, however, is the potential benefits of bilingualism for general cognitive functioning and development, and as a precaution against cognitive decline in old age. Sensational claims have been made in the public domain, mostly by journalists and politicians. Recently (September 4, 2014) The Guardian reported that “learning a foreign language can increase the size of your brain”, and Michael Gove, the UK's previous Education Secretary, noted in an interview with The Guardian (September 30, 2011) that “learning languages makes you smarter”. The present issue of BLC addresses these topics by providing a state-of-the-art overview of theoretical and experimental research on the role of bilingualism for cognition in children and adults.

scholarly journals Legal Efforts for Notary Who Becomes a Defendant in Civil Cases Regarding the Deed He/She Made

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Frana Busrizal ◽  
Yuslim Yuslim ◽  
Khairani Khairani
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Formal Proof ◽  
High Court ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civil Case ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Civil Sector ◽  
Made In

In Indonesia, a notary is one of the positions that provides services to the public in the inclusion of their wishes in written form. However, in reality, the role of the notary, in providing services in the civil sector, also often places them as a defendant or co-defendant in a case between the parties to the dispute. Thus, it raises the presumption that the notary is a party to the deed. The formulation of the problems in this study include: a) How is the legal effort for the notary who became a defendant in a civil case related to the deed he/she made? b) How is the strength of proof on the deed that the notary made? c) What efforts have been made by the notary to defend the deed he made? This study applies a sociological juridical approach. In addition, this study uses primary and secondary data in which they are analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study indicate that: 1) In the case of a notary who is also a defendant in a civil case, the provisions of Article 66 of the Law of Notary Position do not apply to him/her. So, in order to protect themselves and their positions in court, the notary may make several legal efforts. The first, before the verification phase in the court, is to make a claim of reconciliation. The second, after the decision of the panel of judges, is to make an ordinary legal effort; i.e. appeal to the High Court, appeal to the Supreme Court and review. Then, the effort of the resistance law (verzet) was carried out on the decision of the verstek. 2) The strength of proof of the notarial deed is divided into 3 (three) types, i.e. the strength of outward proof, the strength of formal proof, the strength of material proof. 3) Efforts made by the notary to defend the deed that he/she made are divided into 2 (two) types: first is before a lawsuit takes place in the court and second after a claim is made in court.

The role of ethics in public administration

SEER ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
Artan Fejzullahu ◽  
Mirlinda Batalli
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Behaviour ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Servant ◽  
Professional Employees ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
Made In

Recently, there have been several research studies focusing on the ethics of those who are responsible for public services and in different government positions. Ethics delivers greater responsibility between the citizen and the administration and helps to foster confidence such that citizens can be convinced the administration is working in favour of the public interest. Therefore, it is imperative that every action be made in accordance with ethical rules and principles. This article is focused on the importance of the ethical behaviour of public administration employees in relation to citizens; its aim is to demonstrate the ethical values that every administrator should have in order to establish a responsible, efficient, transparent and accountable administration so as to fulfil such duties towards citizens. The drafting of codes of ethics as well as respect for fundamental principles promotes the creation of a professional climate in the public servant-citizen relationship; this article seeks to highlight the importance of respect for such codes and principles extending to the highest level of professional employees.

scholarly journals Heroes, Mates and Family: How Tragedy Teaches Us About Being Australian

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Gillman
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The Public ◽  
John Howard ◽  
Public Reaction ◽  
2004 Tsunami ◽  
Mine Rescue ◽  
Made In

In his 2006 Australia Day address to the National Press Club in Canberra, the then prime minister, John Howard, told journalists that ‘people come to this country because they want to be Australians’. However, as Howard himself admitted, ‘The irony is that no institution or code lays down a test of Australianness’. So how can we know what it is to be Australian? One way is to look at the public statements the Howard made in the wake of tragedy and disaster during his decade as prime minister. These statements reinforce the key values of the Howard government: the role of family, the place of heroes and the importance of mateship. This article analyses the public reaction of the Howard during media coverage of events such as the Port Arthur shootings, the Bali bombings, the 2004 tsunami and the Beaconsfield mine rescue. It argues that Howard’s public responses to these tragedies reflect a move on hi part to recapture the cultural debate and define what it is to be an ‘Australian’.

scholarly journals Disease conditions and subclinical infections of the platypus ( Ornithorhynchus anatinus )

1998 ◽  
Vol 353 (1372) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Munday ◽  
R. J. Whittington ◽  
N. J. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
Ornithorhynchus Anatinus ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Intensive Investigation ◽  
Large Predators ◽  
Made In

Before the arrival of European settlers in Australia, the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus , probably suffered from little disease. Among other things, European settlement has involved substantial environmental perturbation, introduction of large predators, introduction of motor vehicles and translocation of potential pathogens. As a result, platypuses are now killed by motor vehicles, dogs, foxes and discarded plastic litter. Information programmes targeting appropriate segments of the public would help reduce these unnecessary deaths. The enigmatic disease, ulcerative mycosis, caused by Mucor amphibiorum , has been the subject of scientific investigation in Tasmania for the past 15 years. The apparent recent acceleration in its spread has sounded a warning and more intensive investigation is warranted. The possibility that this pathogen has been translocated from subtropical to temperate Tasmania, Australia, with green tree frogs in banana shipments further emphasizes the role of humans in threatening the welfare of the platypus. Recommendations are made in relation to appropriate measures that could be taken to ameliorate disease and trauma in this species.

The Discursive Context of Reproductive Ethics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Cabrera Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Critical Factor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Reproductive Ethics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Discursive Power ◽  
Made In

Examining how issues are framed in policy discourse illuminates the structure of ethical arguments and the social and political context within which these arguments are made. In the United States, reproductive discourse and policymaking display four contours. First, deemed a legitimate topic for government intervention, reproduction policy has most often been gendered and group-specific. Second, the issue category into which reproduction is placed is a critical factor in policy intervention: Is reproduction a matter of health, gender equality, or religious liberty? Third, in reproductive policymaking, abortion has taken on the role of master subissue, shaping approaches to reproductive issues and in some cases standing in for the larger range of reproductive matters. Finally, lack of understanding of the medical and technological factors related to reproduction among policymakers and the public makes policymaking difficult and augments abortion’s discursive power.

scholarly journals Distinguished Lecture on Economics in Government: The Private Uses of Public Interests: Incentives and Institutions

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Stiglitz
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Pareto Improvement ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
Pareto Improvements ◽  
Made In

[Joseph Stiglitz was a member of the Council of Economic Advisers from 1993–95, and chairman of the CEA from 1995 through February 1997.] Today, I want to share with you some of my thoughts about the possibilities and limitations of government. These thoughts are focused around a simple question: Why is it so difficult to implement even Pareto improvements? Working in Washington, I quickly saw that although a few potential changes were strictly Pareto improvements, there were many other changes that would hurt only a small, narrowly defined group (for example, increasing the efficiency of the legal system might hurt lawyers). But if everyone except a narrowly defined special interest group could be shown to benefit, surely the change should be made. In practice, however, “almost everyone” was rarely sufficient in government policy-making and often such near-Pareto improvements did not occur. My major theme will be to provide a set of explanations for why this might be so. I shall put forward four hypotheses in this lecture, each of which provides part of the explanation for the failure in at least one instance of a proposed Pareto improvement. These hypotheses, like much of the literature on government failures, focus on the role of incentives: how misaligned incentives can induce government officials to take actions that are not, in any sense, in the public interest.

The Rise of Court Government in Canada

1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Savoie
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
National Unity ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Of Canada ◽  
Acting In Concert ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe article challenges long-established conventions about how Canada's federal government works. It argues that Cabinet has joined Parliament as an institution being bypassed. In the late 1990s, political power is in the hands of the prime minister and a small group of carefully selected courtiers rather than with the prime minister acting in concert with his elected cabinet colleagues. The article reviews the forces that have led to the rise of court government and the policy instruments and administrative tools that enable it to function. National unity concerns, the role of the media and lobbyists, as well as reforms at the centre of government and globalization, have all served to reshape how policy and decisions are made in the government of Canada. The changes hold important implications, not just for cabinet government, but also for the public service and Canadians themselves.

scholarly journals Recent Anglicisms − from use in the Dictionary

Philologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Livia Caruntu-Caraman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
International Communication ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
The Given ◽  
Made In

In contemporaneity, the English language successfully fulfills the role of a mediator in international communication, deeply influencing the other languages, including Romanian. Through the realities of the brand made in the Anglo-American space, which are propagating inventively in all four parts of the world, penetrate in the local vocabulary and their names, being assimilated and used in internal daily expression. The given words, called Anglicisms, cause inaccuracies among both users and researchers. In order to solve some of the problems, we propose the design of a small dictionary, in which to collect all the recent Anglicisms from our use in order to be subjected, from scholarly positions, to a regulated interpretation that will become an obligatory norm to follow. The language consumer should consult here spelling and morphological values, pronunciation and stress, decoding of abbreviations and etymology, semantic definitions and practical examples. Finally, the Anglicisms, which have previously confused the speaker, to be scientifically processed, elucidated and returned to the public.

scholarly journals Bringing Back the State: Understanding Varieties of Pension Re-reforms in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-44
Author(s):  
Leandro N. Carrera ◽  
Marina Angelaki
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Pension Policy ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pension Systems ◽  
State Involvement ◽  
Low Coverage

ABSTRACTPension policy is a highly political issue across Latin America. Since the mid-2000s, several countries have re-reformed their pension systems with a general trend toward more state involvement, yet with significant variation. This article contends that policy legacies and the institutional political setting are key to understanding such variation. Analyzing the cases of Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile, this article shows that where a weak legacy, characterized by low coverage and savings rates, a weakly organized pension industry, and strong societal groups that oppose the private system, combines with a strong institutional setting, characterized by a government with large support in Congress and where the president concentrates decisionmaking, re-reform outcomes may lead to the outright elimination of the private pillar. Conversely, where a strong legacy combines with a weak institutional setting, re-reform outcomes will tend to maintain the private pillar and expand only the role of the public one.

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