The Functional Performance Measure for Persons with Alzheimer Disease: Reliability and Validity

1995 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Carswell ◽  
Corinne Dulberg ◽  
Lorie Carson ◽  
Jitka Zgola
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Generalizability Theory ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Daily Function

The Functional Performance Measure (FPM) is an instrument developed from grounded theory, and measures daily function in persons with Alzheimer Disease. This paper presents a study testing the reliability and validity of the FPM. The study design is based upon generalizability theory that allows the examination of several “facets” to the total variance of the FPM. Twenty-two clients with Alzheimer disease were videotaped performing three activities of daily living. Twelve raters evaluated the clients' performance using the FPM giving 792 completed measures. The FPM demonstrates high inter-rater reliability, moderate reliability across tasks, and criterion and construct validity. The FPM is a measure that will help occupational therapists identify clients' abilities and deficits so that therapists can determine intervention strategies to improve or maintain clients' functional performance.

Problems with Assessments of Activities of Daily Living

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Eakin
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Occupational Therapists

This is the second of two articles addressing the design and use of assessments of activities of daily living (ADL). The first article reviewed 15 published ADL assessments and evaluated their usefulness for occupational therapists together with any evidence for their reliability and validity. The importance of using standardised assessments was stressed. This second article explains what is meant by terms such as reliability, validity and operationalisation. It details the consequences of using assessments in which these terms are misunderstood or, even, totally absent.

Validation of the Klein-Bell Activities of Daily Living Scale for Children

1988 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Law ◽  
Patricia Usher
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Parental Ratings ◽  
Patient Performance ◽  
Acceptable Reliability

Occupational therapists require reliable and valid activities of daily living assessments to describe patient performance and to aid in treatment evaluation and planning. A recently developed instrument, the Klein-Bell ADL Scale has been shown to have acceptable reliability and validity for use with adults. This paper reports the results of an initial study designed to evaluate the utility of the Klein-Bell ADL Scale for use with children. Developmental ages reported in the literature were used to adapt the scale for use with children ages six months to adulthood. Its reliability, construct validity and responsiveness were tested in a total sample of 10 normal and 10 cerebral palsied children. Results indicate that the scale is reliable, is able to differentiate normal from handicapped children and demonstrates acceptable agreement with parental ratings of change in ADL skills. The Klein-Bell ADL Scale was also found to be an effective communication tool between therapists and parents of disabled children.

scholarly journals Development of the Japanese version of the Westmead Home Safety Assessment for the elderly in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Hasegawa ◽  
Tomoko Kamimura
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Home Safety ◽  
Japanese Elderly

Objective Home safety assessment and intervention is a key component in the management of fall risk in elderly people. However, a standardised assessment for home safety has not yet been established in Japan. We developed a Japanese version of the Westmead Home Safety Assessment by partially modifying the original version according to house structures and lifestyles in Japan and examined its inter-rater reliability and content validity. Methods Japanese elderly in the community who had fear of falls were recruited to investigate the reliability of the Japanese version of the Westmead Home Safety Assessment. Two occupational therapists simultaneously visited a participant’s home to perform the Japanese version of the Westmead Home Safety Assessment independently. Further, an expert panel of 18 occupational therapists evaluated the relevance of each item of the Japanese version of the Westmead Home Safety Assessment. Results Fifty elderly people (aged 78.2 ± 7.1 years) participated in this reliability study. The most frequent hazards were identified as internal steps/stairs, seating, bathroom, bath, and external steps/stairs. Forty-nine items (69%) in the Japanese version of the Westmead Home Safety Assessment were rated to have fair to good (0.40 < κ < 0.75) or excellent (κ ≥ 0.75) reliability as well as excellent validity (item content validity ≥0.78). These items were concerned with basic activities of daily living and some simple instrumental activities of daily living. The scale content validity was 0.78 ± 0.16 but was not excellent (scale content validity index <0.90). Conclusions This study suggested that 49 items in the Japanese version of the Westmead Home Safety Assessment were appropriate for home safety assessment for Japanese elderly. Further research is necessary to improve the reliability and validity of the present version of the Japanese version of the Westmead Home Safety Assessment for this population.

scholarly journals Evidence for Reliability and Validity of Functional Performance Testing in the Evaluation of Nonarthritic Hip Pain

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. McGovern ◽  
John J. Christoforetti ◽  
RobRoy L. Martin ◽  
Amy L. Phelps ◽  
Benjamin R. Kivlan
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hip Pain ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional

Context The single-legged–squat test (SLST) and step-down test (SDT) are 2 functional performance tests commonly used to evaluate active people with nonarthritic hip pain and dysfunction. However, evidence to support the use of the SLST and SDT in this population is lacking. Objective To offer evidence of reliability and validity for the SLST and SDT in evaluating patients with nonarthritic hip pain. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Orthopaedic surgeon's clinical office. Patients or Other Participants Forty-five patients (27 female and 18 male participants; age = 28.5 ± 10 years, height = 171.6 ± 10.1 cm, weight = 73.9 ± 15.2 kg, and body mass index = 25 ± 4.1) diagnosed with nonarthritic hip pain. Main Outcome Measure(s) Participants performed the SLST and SDT. Interrater reliability and validity of passive internal rotation of the hip, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and hip outcome scores (HOSs) for limitations in activities of daily living and sport-related activities (SRAs) were collected. Results Interrater reliability was moderate to excellent for both the SLST (0.603–0.939) and SDT (0.745–0.943). Participants who passed or failed the SLST and SDT differed on the following measures: VAS for the SLST (F1,43 = 16.21, P &lt; .001); VAS for the SDT (F1,43 = 13.41, P = .001); HOS-activities of daily living for the SLST (F1,40 = 5.15, P = .029); HOS-SRAs for the SLST (F1,40 = 7.48, P = .009); and HOS-SRAs for the SDT (F1,40 = 6.42, P = .015). Conclusions Our study offers evidence for the use of the SLST and SDT as reliable and valid functional performance tests in the evaluation of physical function for patients with nonarthritic hip pain.

Assessments of Activities of Daily Living: A Critical Review

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Eakin
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
The Many

Occupational therapists are prolific creators and users of assessments. However, many of us accept an ‘assessment’ form at face value without really considering the reliability or validity of the assessment method. The use of unreliable assessments seriously diminishes the credibility of the profession. Unfortunately, testing assessments for reliability and validity is time consuming. Therefore, it is suggested that occupational therapists make use of the many published assessments, which already provide evidence of their reliability and validity.

A Theoretical Model of Functional Performance in Persons with Alzheimer Disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Carswell ◽  
Lorie J. Carson ◽  
Wikke Walop ◽  
Jitka Zgola
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Consensus Panel ◽  
Basic Activity ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

This paper reports on a qualitative study that defined a theoretical model as a first step in the development of a functional performance measure for clients with Alzheimer disease. A consensus panel of caregivers used the grounded theory approach to identify the basic sub-components of functional performance that are affected by Alzheimer disease. A model of functional performance which can be applied to any basic activity of daily living was derived from these data. The model comprised three axes: behavioural, environmental and quality of performance. A second panel of caregivers validated the model. This study provided the framework for the Functional Performance Measure to be tested in a subsequent study.

scholarly journals A Modular Mobile Robotic Platform to Assist People with Different Degrees of Disability

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7130
Author(s):  
Jose M. Catalan ◽  
Andrea Blanco ◽  
Arturo Bertomeu-Motos ◽  
Jose V. Garcia-Perez ◽  
Miguel Almonacid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Robotic Platform ◽  
Robotic Exoskeleton ◽  
Simulated Home Environment ◽  
Wheel Chair ◽  
The Subject

Robotics to support elderly people in living independently and to assist disabled people in carrying out the activities of daily living independently have demonstrated good results. Basically, there are two approaches: one of them is based on mobile robot assistants, such as Care-O-bot, PR2, and Tiago, among others; the other one is the use of an external robotic arm or a robotic exoskeleton fixed or mounted on a wheelchair. In this paper, a modular mobile robotic platform to assist moderately and severely impaired people based on an upper limb robotic exoskeleton mounted on a robotized wheel chair is presented. This mobile robotic platform can be customized for each user’s needs by exploiting its modularity. Finally, experimental results in a simulated home environment with a living room and a kitchen area, in order to simulate the interaction of the user with different elements of a home, are presented. In this experiment, a subject suffering from multiple sclerosis performed different activities of daily living (ADLs) using the platform in front of a group of clinicians composed of nurses, doctors, and occupational therapists. After that, the subject and the clinicians replied to a usability questionnaire. The results were quite good, but two key factors arose that need to be improved: the complexity and the cumbersome aspect of the platform.

scholarly journals Providing Verbal Assistance When Assessing Individuals Living with a Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 000841742110342
Author(s):  
Mireille Gagnon-Roy ◽  
Nathalie Bier ◽  
Stéphanie Boulé-Riley ◽  
Heidi Keurentjes ◽  
Priscilla Lam Wai Shun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Level Of Understanding

Background. Occupational therapists play a major role in identifying the assistance needs of individuals living with a traumatic brain injury. However, to obtain an accurate assessment, verbal assistance should be provided only when necessary, according to the person's needs. Purpose. This study aimed to understand (1) how verbal assistance is provided during an evaluation of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and (2) why it is provided in this manner. Method. Interviews were conducted with three expert occupational therapists using their own videotaped evaluation and a “think-aloud” method to explore their clinical reasoning when providing verbal assistance. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings. The process of providing verbal assistance was recognized as flexible and nonlinear, and influenced by various factors including the participants’ level of understanding of the client's abilities. Implications. This information will help therapists better understand how and when to provide verbal assistance when assessing their clients.

The Relationship between Engagement in Occupations and Pressure Sore Development in Saudi Men with Paraplegia

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Cutajar ◽  
Anne Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Pressure Sore ◽  
Pressure Sores ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Occupational Activities ◽  
The Individual

Various research studies have explored the factors that predispose people with spinal cord injuries to pressure sore development. Two hundred risk factors have been associated with pressure sore occurrence. One of the variables commonly reported to affect pressure sore occurrence is a decreased level of activity (Vidal and Sarrias 1991, Fuhrer et al 1993). This concurs with the philosophy of occupational therapy that a reduction in activity can generate pathology (Miller et al 1988). This research study investigated whether decreased participation in occupational activities (work, leisure and activities of daily living) was related to pressure sore occurrence in paraplegic men. The sample was selected randomly from the occupational therapy discharge files of a rehabilitation facility in Saudi Arabia. The data were collected by means of a telephone questionnaire from a total of 58 men, over a 3-month period. The study showed that there was a large increase in unemployment in paraplegic men following injury (from 10% to 59%) and, as might be expected, manual workers were more vulnerable than office workers. The study found no significant association between pressure sore occurrence and whether or not the individual was employed. However, it showed a statistically significant association between unemployment and pressure sores severe enough to lead to hospitalisation. The study also found a statistically significant association between individuals' independence in activities of daily living and the number of pressure sores that they had reported in the last 2 years. These findings indicate the potential importance of clients remaining occupationally active for their wellbeing and the significant contribution that occupational therapists can make by enabling rehabilitation of occupational activities.

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