scholarly journals From Insurgency to Movement: An Embryonic Labor Movement Undermining Hegemony in South China

ILR Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 001979392090640
Author(s):  
Chunyun Li
Keyword(s):  
Labor Movement ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Political Process ◽  
State Repression ◽  
Labor Politics ◽  
Labor Organizing ◽  
Law System ◽  
Chinese Labor ◽  
Severity Of State

This article provides a new analysis of Chinese labor politics. Most scholars suggest that China has no labor movement because Chinese labor protests are apolitical, cellular, and short-lived, and thus inconsistent with the properties of social movements identified in the political process model. By contrast, the author draws on Antonio Gramsci’s ideas regarding movements undermining hegemony and on ethnographic and archival research to demonstrate that the activities of movement-oriented labor nongovernmental organizations (MLNGOs) coupled with associated labor protests since 2011 constitute the embryo of a counterhegemonic labor movement. MLNGOs have reworked the hegemonic labor law system to undermine the regime’s legal fragmentation of workers, nurtured worker leaders who speak for and represent migrant workers to temporarily substitute for impotent workplace unions, and developed alternative organizational networks of labor organizing that challenged the union’s monopoly. This incipient counterhegemonic movement persisted several years after state repression in late 2015 but was curtailed by another wave of repression in January 2019. The very severity of state repression suggests that a movement countering hegemony has been formed.

“No Race Question”

2019 ◽  
pp. 242-264
Author(s):  
José Andrés Fernández Montes de Oca
Keyword(s):  
Labor Movement ◽  
Labor Politics ◽  
Black Internationalism ◽  
Labor Organizing ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Universal Negro Improvement Association ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pan Africanism

In the past, authors have emphasized the importance of Marcus Garvey’s ideas and organization, the Universal Negro Improvement Association, in the development of the labor movement in Trinidad after 1919. In so doing, they have often overlooked a more complex reality on the ground. This chapter examines the ways in which the Trinidad Workingmen’s Association (TWA) combined Garveyism and labor politics, and how they navigated the potential contradictions between class-based and race-based organizing more broadly. It adds to the existing literature on Garveyism and race consciousness in Trinidad, a perspective that situates the TWA’s ideas on race and class as a local dialogue interacting with global discussions among black radicals about labor organizing, socialism, communism, black internationalism, and pan-Africanism.

Development of migrant workers in construction based on machine learning and artificial intelligence technology

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Chen Guang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Construction Engineering ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
Chinese Labor ◽  
The Times

Artificial intelligence technology has been widely used in all aspects of our life. Similarly, the application of artificial intelligence in the field of construction engineering is a necessary trend in the development of engineering industry, especially in the traditional construction engineering department. Under the background of the times, from the perspective of knowledge, artificial intelligence technology has appeared a huge development, which may have an impact on the employment of Chinese labor force, may create new jobs, or replace traditional jobs. This effect on employment is essential. From the perspective of machine learning and artificial intelligence, this paper reviews the transformation prospects of engineering industry and the development of agricultural industry in construction industry, and examines the intellectual transformation of individual human capital in Chinese labor force.

scholarly journals China's Rural Migrant Workers, the State, and Labor Politics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Chan ◽  
Mark Selden
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Politics ◽  
Rural Migrant ◽  
Industrial Labor ◽  
Class Power ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rural Migrant Workers

The proletarianization of rural migrants is distinctive to contemporary China's development model, in which the state has fostered the growth of a “semi-proletariat” numbering more than 200 million to fuel labor-intensive industries and urbanization. Drawing on fieldwork in Guangdong and Sichuan provinces between 2010 and 2014, supplemented with scholarly studies and government surveys, the authors analyze the precarity and the individual and collective struggles of a new generation of rural migrant workers. They present an analysis of high and growing levels of labor conflict at a time when the previous domination of state enterprises has given way to the predominance of migrant workers as the core of an expanding industrial labor force. In particular, the authors assess the significance of the growing number of legal and extra-legal actions taken by workers within a framework that highlights the deep contradictions among labor, capital, and the Chinese state. They also discuss the impact of demographic changes and geographic shifts of population and production on the growth of working-class power in the workplace and the marketplace.

Political and Psychological Processes in Political Action

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn van Zomeren
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Relevant Model ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Identity Model

Social change sometimes happens because groups in society make it happen. The social psychology of such “man-made” change in political contexts studies the key psychological and political processes that play an important role in driving such change. Theory and research have focused on political processes as conditions that foster change but also on the psychological processes that describe how a structural potential for change translates into political action, which puts pressure on political decision makers toward social change. This yields important scientific insights into how political action occurs and thus may affect political decision making. As for political processes, one relevant model is McAdam’s political process model, which identifies a number of structural factors that increase the potential for political action to achieve social change. As for psychological processes, one relevant model is the Social Identity Model of Collective Action, which identifies a number of core motivations for political action, and which seeks to integrate psychological insights with political models of social change. A joint discussion of these models offers hope and scope for further theoretical and empirical integration, as well as a broader and more comprehensive understanding of political and psychological processes in political action toward social change.

Organized Labor and the Invention of Modern Liberalism in the United States

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 317-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Orren
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Movement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Organized Labor ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Labor Politics ◽  
American Strain ◽  
Comparative Treatment ◽  
American Labor Movement ◽  
American Labor

There is perhaps no political topic that has been given such relentlessly comparative treatment as the American labor movement. It is rare to read any comprehensive political or historical study of organized labor that is not cast, implicitly or explicitly, against the greater class consciousness of European counterparts. The explanations advanced for the uniqueness or the lack of vigor in the American strain—abundance of land, immigration, early suffrage, a revolutionary heritage of “republicanism”—constitute most of what exists in the way of theories about American labor politics.

Institutionalization of risk management framework in Islamic NGOs for suppressing terrorism financing

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radiah Othman ◽  
Rashid Ameer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Risk Management Framework ◽  
Terrorism Financing

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to propose solutions for improving internal controls and transparency to alleviate concerns of international community over alleged linked with terrorist groups. Design/methodology/approach – The authors explore the counter-insurgency theory and political process model to explain the current state of counter-terrorism activities aimed at Islamic NGOs after 9/11. Findings – The authors believe the idea of money flow disruption to be of greater importance than freezing the accounts to suppress terrorism financing. Practical implications – Islamic NGOs established for philanthropic and humanitarian aid in third world Muslim countries have been accused of being involved in terrorism financing. This revelation is to the disadvantage of the donors who do not channel their donations for such activities. The authors propose risk management framework useful at operational level to detect and prevent welfare activities financing warfare activities. Originality/value – The proposed risk management framework is to complement various regional and international initiatives championed by Asia/Pacific Group on Money Laundering and Financial Action Task Force to combat money laundering and terrorist financing.

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