Personality and attitudes towards people with mental disorders: Preliminary studies results

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wolska ◽  
Alicja Malina
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Community Attitudes ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Neo Five Factor Inventory ◽  
Polish Adaptation

Background: The subject of psychological research all over the world is to understand the factors conditioning relationships between healthy people and people with mental disorders. Authors analysing attitudes towards people with mental disorders emphasize the importance of two types of determinants: personality factors and demographic and social variables. Aim: The aim of the research was to determine the interdependencies between personality traits and attitudes towards people with mental disorders, taking into account the moderating role of social distance and demographic and environmental variables. Method: Polish version of Community Attitudes towards Mental Illness (CAMI) – Kwestionariusz Postaw (KP) was used to measure attitudes towards people with mental disorders. Personality traits were measured using the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (FFI) Personality Inventory by Costa and McCrae–Polish Adaptation, and the polish version of the Social Distance Scale was used to measure the declared social distance. In all, 204 people participated in the research: 133 women and 71 men, aged 18–65 years, living in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian and Greater Poland voivodeships. Results: The results showed that there is a relationship between personality traits: neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience and agreeableness and an attitude towards people with mental disorders. Social distance, as the proposed moderator, did not significantly change the relationship between the variables. Conclusion: The results of the research have confirmed the important role of personality factors for attitudes, what should be remembered to exploration of presented phenomenon.

scholarly journals Personality Traits and Identity Styles in Methamphetamine-Dependent Women: A Comparative Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Kaveh Hojjat ◽  
Ebrahim Golmakani ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Bayazi ◽  
Razieh Mortazavi ◽  
Mina Norozi Khalili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
User Group ◽  
Identity Styles ◽  
Identity Style ◽  
Neo Five Factor Inventory

<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Studies over the past two decades have shown that various personality traits of substance-dependent men measure differently than compared to normal individuals. However fewer studies have addressed the role of identity as an influential factor in the onset and continuation of drug dependency.</p> <p><strong>METHODS:</strong> The objective of this study was to compare the Big Five personality factors and identity styles in methamphetamine dependent women and non-user group. Forty eight methamphetamine dependent women under treatment in Welfare Organization’s residential centers filled out the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the Berzonsky’s Identity Style Inventory. They were compared with 48 non-dependent women who were matched in terms of age, education, marital status, and occupation. Data was analyzed with t student test. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS V.16 software. Differences were considered significant at P&lt;0.05.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Results found that methamphetamine dependent woman had significantly higher levels of neuroticism and lower levels of conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience compared to normative sample of female respondents .In addition, mean scores of diffuse/avoidant identity style in methamphetamine user women was significantly higher than non-user group. This is while non-user women had a significantly higher mean in normative identity style.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Identity styles along with personality traits can be a key role in drug use in women in this study. Therefore, enhancing understanding about the role of identity can be helpful in treatment programs especially in harm reduction approaches.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Factors underlying cognitive decline in old age and Alzheimer’s disease: the role of the hippocampus

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 705-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa Jaroudi ◽  
Julia Garami ◽  
Sandra Garrido ◽  
Michael Hornberger ◽  
Szabolcs Keri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns

AbstractThere are many factors that strongly influence the aetiology, development, and progression of cognitive decline in old age, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These factors include not only different personality traits and moods but also lifestyle patterns (e.g. exercise and diet) and awareness levels that lead to cognitive decline in old age. In this review, we discuss how personality traits, mood states, and lifestyle impact brain and behaviour in older adults. Specifically, our review shows that these lifestyle and personality factors affect several brain regions, including the hippocampus, a region key for memory that is affected by cognitive decline in old age as well as AD. Accordingly, appropriate recommendations are presented in this review to assist individuals in decreasing chances of MCI, dementia, AD, and associated symptoms.

Personality traits and the role of gender in swimmers at the leisure level

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido M. Cavallera ◽  
Andrea Passerini ◽  
Alessandro Pepe
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Close Relationship

We used the Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ; Caprara, Barbaranelli, & Borgogni, 1993) with swimmers engaged in indoor practice at the leisure level (50 male, 50 female) to measure whether personality traits are associated with swimming. We also examined the concept that scores on some personality traits can have a reciprocal closely intermingled influence on other personality traits, and that gender can play a role in modulating personality. We found that the swimmers were characterized by evidence of personality traits distributed within moderate middle scores in personality factors, contributing to well-being and satisfaction with life. We also found correlations within factors and subfactors, showing a close relationship among personality traits. Gender also plays a role in the measurement of personality traits as gender has a statistically significant effect on extraversion.

scholarly journals The Role of Personality Traits in Predicting Senior High School Students’ Academic Buoyancy

2019 ◽  
pp. 1336-1340
Author(s):  
Meilani Rohinsa ◽  
Surya Cahyadi ◽  
Achmad Djunaidi ◽  
Tb. Zulrizka Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
School Students ◽  
Academic Buoyancy ◽  
Senior High School Students

All students have to face academic pressures, setbacks and challenges that are part of their everyday academic life. The capacity to deal with this, i.e. ‘academic buoyancy’, is needed to reduce the impact of academic adversity. Since academic buoyancy may be associated with personality, our study explored the role of personality trait, especially the ‘big five’, as predictors of the academic buoyancy in senior high school students in an Eastern culture. Methods: Using quota sampling, 356 respondents were sampled from the eight largest senior high schools in Bandung, Indonesia. Five personality factors were measured using the Big Five Inventory. Furthermore, academic buoyancy was assessed utilizing the Academic Buoyancy Scale. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the predictive value of each trait for academic buoyancy. Result: Academic buoyancy appears to be related to personality differences. We found three personality traits which predicted positively and significantly academic buoyancy, namely Conscientiousness, Agreeableness and Extraversion. Conclusions: The study has provided a new understanding of the relevance of personality for academic student’s life. Implications and differences in relation between personality and academic buoyancy in senior high school’ student are discussed.

scholarly journals The role of personality factors in predicting life satisfaction of non-native students with the mediating role of self-differentiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Moharrami ◽  
Seyed Ali Kimiaei ◽  
Fatemeh Bagheri ◽  
Abbas G hodrati-Torbati ◽  
Zeinab Parsa
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Native Students ◽  
Psychosocial Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Differentiation

Introduction: This study aimed was to predict the life satisfaction (LS) of non-native students based on personality traits and mediated by the level of differentiation. Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on students attending a private high school in Istanbul, Turkey. Material and methods: This study population consisted of all non-native students of the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Two hundred people were selected by convenience sampling method and answered the Diener life satisfaction questionnaire, Gary-Wilson personality traits and Skowron and Friedlander self-differentiation questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using AMOS and SPSS software v. 24 and Pearson correlation coefficient, regression coefficient, and path analysis. Results and Discussion: The mean age of participants was 27.92 ± 5.32 years. The proposed model had a good fit according to the index of fitness. There was a significant correlation between behavioral activation systems (BASs) as one of the subscales of personality factors with LS (P < 0.05, r = 0.47), and between BASs with self-differentiation (P < 0.05, r = 0.35). Also, there was a significant indirect correlation between behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and LS (P < 0.05, r = –0.40) and between BIS with self-differentiation (P < 0.05, r = –0.30). There was a significant relationship between differentiation with LS (P < 0.05, r = 0.55). Due to the significant indirect effect of the model, the level of differentiation could mediate the relationship between personality factors and LS. Conclusions: Although personality factors predict a part of LS, the ability to differentiate between thought and feeling and to maintain independence in interpersonal relationships plays an essential role in the LS of non-native students.

Personality Traits as Predictor of M-Payment Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Nawaz Khan ◽  
Xiongfei Cao ◽  
Abdul Hameed Pitafi
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
The Impact

Mobile phones have led to a great revolution of modern society, helpful for many businesses to reorient their sales methods towards effective commercial formats. The m-payment, for instance, as an emergent technology to these novel commercial setups, is now undertaking the adoption process. Individual users are known to vary in their tendency to accept new technologies. Not surprisingly, some conceptual models describe how and why individuals use m-payments. Until recently, however, the role of personality in overall, and the big five model of personality, in particular, had remained mostly unexplored. This article aims to ascertain the impact of personality traits on m-payment adoption. Data were collected from 323 m-payment customers and analyzed using a two-step research methodology. SEM was applied to test the hypothesis, and significant antecedents of m-payment were identified. Next significant personality factors were input to a neural network model for ranking. The results showed that conscientious and agreeableness is the two main predictors of m-payment adoption.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Emotional Intelligence to Career Success: Beyond Personality Traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urquijo ◽  
Extremera ◽  
Azanza
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Career Success ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Proactive Personality ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Career Stage

This study sought to investigate the role of emotional intelligence in both extrinsic and intrinsic career success in early and later career stages. Specifically, we examined the predictive and incremental validity of emotional intelligence in career success after controlling for personality factors in a sample of 271 graduates. When analyzing extrinsic career success, regression analyses revealed that demographic variables, such as gender, age, area of study and career stage, and the variable of proactive personality, were related to salary. When the dependent variable was job satisfaction, emotional intelligence acted as a strong predictor, even when personality traits and proactive personality were controlled. These findings provide preliminary evidence that emotional intelligence is a relevant addition to guide the achievement of career success. Finally, limitations of the results and implications of these findings are discussed.

Does extraversion predict positive incentive motivation?

1999 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Incentive Motivation ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Target Article

I focus on a number of issues arising from Depue & Collins's target article that require further consideration: (1) data that fail to confirm extraversion effects in positive incentive experiments; (2) the role of personality factors, other than extraversion, in dopamine agonism on positive mood states; (3) the role of extraversion in nonspecific arousal, indicating that extraversion may not be an homogeneous trait; and (4) the problem of identifying neurobiologically important traits from existing structural models of personality. I applaud the heuristic value of the model presented and suggest ways in which aspects of the model may be used to identify the personality traits associated with positive incentive motivation.

scholarly journals Personality Traits in Fibromyalgia (FM): Does FM Personality Exists? A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro Conversano ◽  
Laura Marchi ◽  
Rebecca Ciacchini ◽  
Claudia Carmassi ◽  
Bastianina Contena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Type D ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Meta Analyses

Introduction: Fibromyalgia (FM) is the second most common rheumatic disease with many effects on patient's quality of life. It has been described as a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculo-skeletal pain, sleep disorders and prominent fatigue. Regarding the role of personality factors in fibromyalgia, researchers have focused both on personality traits and psychopathological aspects showing inconsistent results. In particular, several studies have examined the role of alexithymia in FM patients, a trait of personality characterized by difficulty in identification, recognition and description of emotions and feelings, while others have focused on a specific type of personality, such as type D personality (distressed personality). Other studies investigated personality in FM patients referring to Cloninger’s model, a psychobiological model of personality that includes both temperamental and character dimensions of personality. Analyzing scientific literature on this subject seems well suited to provide a critical review of the latest studies and their results. Methods: The method used for this review satisfies the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We identified PsycInfo and PubMed as databases for our research. Results: Personality is studied under many aspects and a reference model is not always present. Many studies underline high levels of alexithymia and type D personality in FM patients but when depression is controlled, these results do not differ from those of healthy controls. Conclusion: Studies that use a comprehensive model of personality present a different theoretical approach and use alternatively the Big-Five model, Eysenck’s and Cloninger’s models. The use of a comprehensive model of personality and the control of psychopathological disorders, such as anxiety and depression, seem to be very relevant for a better understanding of a specific personality profile associated with fibromyalgia.

scholarly journals The Role of Personality Factors in Childhood Traumatic Events’ Impact on Treatment Progress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tjasa Kustrin
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Frequent Pattern ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Treatment Progress ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Impact On Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Attrition rates in rehabilitative programmes for violent behaviour are concerning as exiting from treatment may have implications for individuals (e.g., further offending, diminished quality of life), the organisation providing the treatment (e.g., cost, ineffectiveness), and for the society (e.g., safety, trust in the criminal justice system). Therefore, it is necessary to consider factors that may hinder the progress and completion of the treatment of violent offending. This study aimed to extend Te Hiwi's (2020) findings on negative relationship between childhood traumatic events and treatment outcomes, by exploring the role of maladaptive personality traits in this relationship. The study was based on retrospective, file-based data of 417 men who attended the high-intensity rehabilitation programme in New Zealand. Binomial and logistic regression models predicting treatment progress and outcome as well as a structural equation model showed that maladaptive personality traits – antisocial, borderline, and psychopathic – had overall no significant role in the relationship between trauma and treatment progress, despite men who were high on psychopathic traits being less likely to complete the treatment. Traumatic childhood events had a negative impact on treatment progress. In addition, treatment progress in the presence of all types of trauma was a less frequent pattern configuration than statistically expected. These findings reiterate the need for further research on the underlying mechanisms in the relationship between childhood trauma and treatment of violent offending, and self-regulation was suggested as one such mechanism.</p>

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