scholarly journals How citizens’ dissatisfaction with street-level bureaucrats’ exercise of discretion leads to the alternative supply of public services: the case of Israeli marriage registrars

2020 ◽  
pp. 002085232097217
Author(s):  
Niva Golan-Nadir ◽  
Nissim Cohen ◽  
Aviad Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Street Level ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Street Level Bureaucrats ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Exercise Of Discretion

Can street-level bureaucrats’ exercise of discretion lead to clients’ dissatisfaction with policy implementation? If so, under what conditions could such disaffection lead to the alternative supply of public services? Building on Albert Hirschman’s model of exit, voice, and loyalty, this article contributes to the literature by pointing to street-level bureaucrats’ exercise of discretion as influencing citizens’ dissatisfaction with policy implementation. We identify three main elements—personal, organizational, and environmental—influencing discretion informally, causing clients’ dissatisfaction. We also point to a combination of three conditions triggering the creation of an alternative supply of services: (1) citizens’ dissatisfaction with policy implementation; (2) street-level bureaucrats’ monopoly over policy implementation because only one supplier exists; and (3) clients’ perceptions of participation channels as blocked. Using a qualitative case study approach, we test our claims by analyzing the case of Israeli marriage registrars. We demonstrate how Israeli citizens’ dissatisfaction with how government bureaucrats implement marriage regulations led to the creation of the Tzohar non-governmental organization that provides alternative marriage services. Points for practitioners In situations in which street-level bureaucrats have a monopoly over policy implementation and citizens feel they cannot exercise their voice about that implementation, their dissatisfaction with how street-level bureaucrats use their discretion in implementing the policy may eventually lead to the creation of alternative sources of public services.

Street-Level Bureaucrats: Discretion and Compliance in Policy Implementation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Evans
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Service Workers ◽  
Frontline Workers ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Conflicting Demands ◽  
Street Level Bureaucrats ◽  
Street Level Bureaucracy

In 1980 Michael Lipsky published “Street-level Bureaucracy,” arguing that public policy is often vague and imprecise, and relies on frontline workers to make sense of it on the ground in delivering public services. At the same time, the book is critical of frontline workers for not complying with policy in their use of discretion. Lipsky’s approach has influenced a great deal of subsequent analysis of public service provision, but continues to contain an unresolved tension at its core. If policy is vague, how can discretion be judged non-compliant against it? The street-level bureaucracy approach has tended to seek to resolve this tension by assuming that all public services are fundamentally the same and that all public service workers should use discretion in a particular way. While street-level bureaucracies—front line public services—are similar in that they are subject to policies, operate under conditions of inadequate resources, and afford frontline workers discretion in their work, there are also significant differences between types of public services in the ways they work with policy and the nature and extent of discretion of staff delivering the service. Different services do different things; the nature of the policy they work with varies, and the logic of provision and priorities vary between services. Policy, for instance, may refer to a precise set of instructions, or to setting out particular concerns or broad-brush commitments. Some services, such as benefits provision, are specified in detailed policy which not only sets out what they can do but also how decisions should be made. Others services, such as policing, are subject to a range of policies and concerns often expressed as conflicting demands that have to be balanced and managed in the particular circumstances of their application. And others, mainly human services, are primarily thought of in terms what the professionals within provide, and assumes a logic of service provision to be located in those providing the service. Policy is sometimes more explicit and discretion narrower; it is sometimes looser and relies more on discretion. It may, in some circumstances, be sufficient to refer to policy to understand what services are supposed to do; in other circumstances, policy alone provides a poor picture of what’s expected. Street-level bureaucracy analysis is too broad-brush and cannot capture the range of ideas of compliance in public services. It tends to equate policy with instruction and judgement with organizational thinking, and to see non-compliance as endemic in the use of discretion. In doing this, it fails to appreciate the variety of relationships between policy and public services; the varied extent of discretion in different settings, and the range of concerns and ethical commitments in different public services. Compliance in policy implementation needs to be sensitive to different types of public services and the subsequent variety of commitments and concerns of street-level bureaucrats in those public services.

scholarly journals Policy implementation of No Smoking area in Undata Public Hospital Palu City

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-160
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ryman Napirah ◽  
Novi Inriyanny Suwendro ◽  
Hasanah Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Hospital Director

The determination of the No Smoking Area is an effort to protect the community against the risk of health problems due to the environment contaminated with cigarette smoke. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of the No Smoking Area policy at the Undata Regional General Hospital (RSUD), Palu, especially in the aspects of communication, resources, disposition. , and bureaucratic structures. This type of research is qualitative research with a case study approach. Determination of informants is done through purposive sampling technique, namely the researcher uses his judgment in selecting informants to obtain in-depth information according to the research objectives. the concept of communication is good enough. The KTR Task Force at Undata Hospital uses print and electronic media. In the resource variable, the results are not good enough. The KTR Task Force at Undata Hospital is still lacking in terms of the number, namely only 15 people previously numbered 30 people. The disposition variables obtained in this study are good enough. The appointment of the KTR task force at Undata Hospital is directly selected by the hospital director, but the supervisory officers still lack incentives. In the bureaucratic structure variable, the results were quite good. The most authorized person in implementing the implementation of the KTR policy implementation at the Undata Hospital Palu is the Task Force coordinator. The suggestion in this research is that the KTR Task Force at Undata Hospital should be added and the Undata Hospital should create a smoking area.  

scholarly journals Penghapusan Kebijakan Denda Keterlambatan pada Pembiayaan Bermasalah PT Bank BNI Syariah

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Laode Arahman Nasir ◽  
Wasilah Wasilah
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
National Board ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Interview Process

This study aims to analyze the policy of late charge elimination applied to PT Bank BNI Syariah. This policy was initiated at the year of 2016 which predictably lead to the inclination of problematic financing at BNI Syariah. This study provides evaluation and recommendation for policy implementation to reduce the number of problematic financing. This study uses qualitative methods with a case study approach. The research instrument used was through the interview process with BNI Syariah and the DSN (Dewan Syari‟ah Nasional/ Read: National Board of Islamic Law) of MUI (Majelis Ulama Indonesia/ Read: Indonesian Muslim Scholars Council). The results of the study reveals that the application of a fine-elimination policy was applied because of bank doubts about the application of fines to sharia and fines that have no effect on the bank’s income. PT Bank BNI Syariah uses persuasive policies and still applies the ta'widh policy after the application of the fine is eliminated. This policy has a positive impact on marketing but is still vulnerable to an increase in the level of Non Performing Financing (NPF).

Implementing social policy in Brazil: an inter-contextual exploration of the exercise of discretion by street-level bureaucrats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Vicente da Rocha Soares Ferreira ◽  
Janann Joslin Medeiros ◽  
Charlotte Lyn Bright ◽  
Charles David Crumpton
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Street Level Bureaucrats ◽  
Exercise Of Discretion

Poll Worker Decision Making at the American Ballot Box

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 714-718
Author(s):  
Mara Suttmann-Lea
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Matching Law ◽  
Election Law ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Signature Matching ◽  
American Elections ◽  
Street Level Bureaucrats ◽  
The City ◽  
Depth Interviews

Street-level bureaucrats set the terms for policy implementation and often operate under limited oversight. In American elections, poll workers are the street-level bureaucrats tasked with implementing a jurisdiction’s laws for verifying voter eligibility. Using in-depth interviews with 24 poll workers from the city of Chicago, this article assesses how poll workers make decisions about voter eligibility under Illinois’ signature-matching law. Respondents discussed a range of considerations used when they examine voter eligibility. The evidence I present suggests they rely on personal perspectives and experiences in their evaluations. Respondents also offered a range of responses for how they would proceed in the instance of a mismatching signature—including requesting voters provide identification even though it is not a requirement in Illinois unless a voter is challenged. Broadly, these results illustrate how poll workers’ subjective interpretations of election law shape their decisions and can lead to idiosyncratic applications of election law.

scholarly journals People as an essential tool for considering ethics in the product lifecycle

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mersha AFTAB ◽  
Alana JAMES
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Product Lifecycle ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Creation

This paper explores the vital engagement of people at different stages of the product lifecycle. The incorporation of human values in the creation of empathy allows for ethics to be considered across the design and make process. A case study approach was adopted utilising data obtained from two large consumer goods companies. From this, a relationship was found to lie between the involvement of people as active participants and the creation of empathy. These empathetic values consequently facilitated the consideration of a responsible approach to be implemented. Conclusions show that during the design process people create added value with a participatory approach, whilst during production consumers become prosumers in consumer-led innovation to help drive forward an ethical agenda.

scholarly journals What motivates street-level bureaucrats to implement the reforms of elected politicians?

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-160
Author(s):  
Don S. Lee ◽  
Soonae Park
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Implementing Change ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
Street Level Bureaucrats ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this article is to explore the motivations of street-level bureaucrats when implementing change initiated by elected politicians. We analyse experimental data on more than 1,800 local civil servants from all 243 local governments in South Korea and find that street-level bureaucrats are more likely to implement change instigated by local elected politicians when their own policy positions are reflected in the reforms. Moreover, the degree to which street-level bureaucrats are likely to execute reforms instigated by local politicians is greater when bureaucrats perceive themselves as having more freedom to exercise discretion. These findings reveal a behavioural insight into the conditions in which bureaucrats are more likely to respond to change championed by elected politicians versus conditions where they are more likely to follow existing rules in the policy implementation process.

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