scholarly journals Localization of P. gingivalis in Preterm Delivery Placenta

2009 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 575-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Katz ◽  
N. Chegini ◽  
K.T. Shiverick ◽  
R.J. Lamont
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Decidual Cells ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Increasing evidence suggests an association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Although infection is considered as a risk factor for preterm delivery, the localization of oral bacteria or their antigens in chorioamnionitis placental tissue has never been demonstrated. This study was devised to test the hypothesis that periodontal pathogens may be present and affect human placenta in cases of chorioamnionitis. Using immunocytochemistry, we have identified the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens in placental tissues. The antigens were detected in the placental syncytiotrophoblasts, chorionic trophoblasts, decidual cells, and amniotic epithelial cells, as well as the vascular cells. There was a substantial increase in immunostaining intensity of the tissues sectioned from women with chorioamnionitis compared to those experiencing normalterm pregnancy, p < 0.019 (Mann‐Whitney test). These results suggest that P. gingivalis may commonly colonize placental tissue, and that the presence of the organism may contribute to preterm delivery.

scholarly journals Porphyromonas gingivalis Placental Atopobiosis and Inflammatory Responses in Women With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz Amparo Gómez ◽  
Juliette De Avila ◽  
Diana Marcela Castillo ◽  
Daniel Antonio Montenegro ◽  
Tammy Gorety Trujillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Granzyme B ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Th 1

The microbiome modulates inflammation at the fetal maternal interface on both term and preterm labor. Inflammophilic oral bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, as well as urogenital microorganisms (UGM) could translocate to the placenta and activate immune mechanisms in decidual tissue that is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO). This study establishes the associations between the presence of microbes in the placenta and placental cytokine patterns in women who presented APO, e.g., low birth weight (LBW), preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), preterm birth (PTB) and other clinical signs related to Chorioamnionitis (CA). A total of 40 pregnant women were included in the study and divided into five groups according to placental infection (PI) and APO, as follows: (1) women without PI and without APO (n = 17), (2) women with P. gingivalis-related PI and APO (n = 5), (3) women with P. gingivalis-related PI and without APO (n = 4), (4) women with PI related to UGM and APO (n = 5) and (5) women without PI with APO (n = 9). Obstetric, clinical periodontal status evaluation, and subgingival plaque sampling were performed at the time of delivery. Placental levels of interleukin IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-12p70, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 α (MCP-1α), granzyme B, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were determined using a multiplex flow cytometry assay. All patients showed a predominant Th-1 cytokine profile related to labor, characterized by IFN-γ overexpression. The analysis by groups suggests that Th-1 profile was trending to maintain cytotoxic cell activity by the expression of IL-15 and granzyme B, except for the group with P. gingivalis-related PI and APO, which exhibited a reduction of IL-10 and IL-17F cytokines (p &lt; 0.05) and a Th-1 profile favoring macrophage activation by MCP-1 production (p &lt; 0.05). This study confirms a pro-inflammatory pattern associated with labor, characterized by a Th-1 profile and the activity of cytotoxic cells, which is enhanced by PI with UGM. However, PI associated with P. gingivalis suggests a switch where the Th-1 profile favors an inflammatory response mediated by MCP-1 and macrophage activity as a mechanistic explanation of its possible relationship with adverse outcomes in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Fetal Weight Outcomes in C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NCrl Mice after Oral Colonization with Porphyromonas gingivalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori A. Fischer ◽  
Peter D. Bittner-Eddy ◽  
Massimo Costalonga
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Th17 Response ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weight Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered a keystone pathogen that contributes to the initiation and progression of periodontitis in humans. P. gingivalis has also been detected in human placentas associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The spread of P. gingivalis from the oral cavity to the reproductive tract thus represents a potential mechanism whereby periodontitis can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. In a murine model of pregnancy and oral infection with P. gingivalis, C57BL/6J mice developed low fetal weight, whereas C57BL/6NCrl mice did not. Although C57BL/6NCrl mice harbor segmented filamentous bacteria that drive a Th17 response, fetal weight was independent of frequency of Th17 or Th1 in either substrain. Low fetal weight was instead correlated with increasing amounts of P. gingivalis DNA in the placentas of the C57BL/6J dams. In contrast, fetal weight in C57BL/6NCrl mice was independent of P. gingivalis in the placenta. Differences in genetics or microbiome that influence the ability of P. gingivalis to colonize the placenta may drive differential fetal weight outcomes between C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NCrl mice and, potentially, between diverse human populations.

Can routine laboratory parameters predict adverse pregnancy outcomes in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efser Oztas ◽  
Kudret Erkenekli ◽  
Sibel Ozler ◽  
Ali Ozgur Ersoy ◽  
Mevlut Kurt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrahepatic Cholestasis Of Pregnancy ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Cholestasis Of Pregnancy

AbstractOur aim was to investigate whether any hematological changes readily detectable by simple complete blood count (CBC), as well as fasting and postprandial total serum bile acid (SBA) levels, have diagnostic values for the prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).A prospective, case control study was carried out including 217 pregnant women (117 women with ICP and 100 healthy controls). The main outcome measures investigated were preterm delivery, APGAR scores, and neonatal unit admission. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the independent risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Compared with controls, women with ICP had significantly higher mean platelet volume (MPV) (mean 10.2±1.0 vs. 11.0±1.3; P<0.001) and platelet distribution width (PDW) (mean 13.1±2.3 vs. 14.7±2.8; P<0.001) values. Analysis with logistic regression revealed that the probability of preterm delivery did not increase until MPV levels exceeded 11.2 fL [odds ratio (OR)=2.68, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.13–6.32, P=0.025], and total bilirubin levels exceeded 0.6 mg/dL (OR=3.13, 95% CI=1.21–8.09, P=0.019). Considering the low APGAR scores, only increased postprandial total SBA levels of ≥51 μmol/L were found to be predictive significantly (OR=3.02, 95% CI=1.07–8.53, P=0.037).Our study suggests that increased MPV and total bilirubin levels are associated with preterm delivery, and increased postprandial total SBA levels are predictive for low APGAR in ICP patients.

Periodontal disease as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case–control studies

Odontology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Corbella ◽  
Silvio Taschieri ◽  
Luca Francetti ◽  
Francesca De Siena ◽  
Massimo Del Fabbro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

scholarly journals Periodontal Medicine: Impact of Periodontal Status on Pregnancy Outcomes and Carcinogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Valentina Caracostea ◽  
Alexandru Bucur ◽  
Iulia Cristina Micu ◽  
Andrada Soanca ◽  
Andreea Ciurea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Periodontal Medicine

Periodontal medicine is a broad term commonly used to define the relationship between periodontitis and systemic health. Periodontitis is a highly prevalent, chronic multifactorial infectious disease, induced by the dysbiotic biofilm that triggers a persistent systemic inflammation and recurrent bacteremia. There is a growing body of scientific evidence that suggests the potential implication of periodontitis in the causation and progression of various systemic disease and conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, adverse pregnancy outcomes and cancer. Some studies consider periodontitis as an independent risk factor for preterm birth, growth restriction, low birth-weight and pre-eclampsia. However not all studies support the association. Despite sparse scientific data, some studies indicate that individuals with periodontitis are at increased risk for cancer development, due to the increased inflammatory burden sustained by the presence of periodontal pathogens. This chapter emphasis the relationship between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes and the underlying mechanisms that link peridontitis to oral carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Does Multiparity Affect Periodontitis Associated Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes' Awareness?

2021 ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdelrasoul ◽  
Bashayer Bahamdain ◽  
Raghad Hasanain ◽  
Renad Barayan ◽  
Nada Bugis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
University Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: Periodontal disease is a very common, undesirable, and neglected bacterial infection causing destruction of the connective tissue and dental bone support. During pregnancy, the oral bacteria could lead to tissue damage and mediate immune response which can impair the development and fetal growth in the placenta that it may be a risk factor for pre-term birth (before 37 weeks of gestation). The goal of this study to measure the knowledge and awareness of women in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia toward the relation between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcome. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from January 2020 until November 2021. based on a validated questionnaire developed by the authors. A convenience sample size of 966 women, aged 20-50 years, with a confidence level of 95%, and a 5% margin of error was selected. The questionnaire was divided into three main sections: demographics, knowledge and attitude. Results: The study showed a mean score of awareness of 3.801.26 (54.35 ± 17.98%) while the mean score of attitudes was 1.60 ± 0.98 (39.91 ± 24.42%). There was no statistically significant relationship to age group, nationality, or parity, however, scores were significant to university education level. Conclusion: Learning from previous multigravidas did not influence knowledge and awareness towards adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with PD.

scholarly journals Successful Vaginal Delivery after External Cephalic Version in a Woman with a Large Partial Uterine Septum

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Kristen E. Park ◽  
Nicole L. Vestal ◽  
Michael S. Awadalla ◽  
Sharon A. Winer
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Full Term ◽  
External Cephalic Version ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries ◽  
Uterine Septum ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Septate uteri have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery, and malpresentation. It is unclear if uterine septa are associated with infertility. Although some studies have shown improved pregnancy outcomes after septum resection, indications for resection are not well established. We describe a case of a woman with a large partial uterine septum diagnosed during workup for infertility who conceived without septum resection. Both of her subsequent pregnancies were initially breech presentations for which the patient underwent external cephalic version followed by full-term vaginal deliveries. This case adds evidence that an unresected uterine septum should not be considered a contraindication to external cephalic version.

scholarly journals Effects of levothyroxine treatment on pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Nazarpour ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
Masoumeh Simbar ◽  
Maryam Tohidi ◽  
Hamid Alavi Majd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid Disease ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Group B

Background Despite some studies indicating that thyroid antibody positivity during pregnancy has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, evidence regarding the effects of levothyroxine (LT4) treatment of euthyroid/subclinical hypothyroid pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease on pregnancy outcome is limited. We aimed to assess whether pregnant women with autoimmune thyroid disease, but without overt thyroid dysfunction are affected by higher rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes. In addition, we aimed to explore whether LT4 treatment improves the pregnancy outcome of affected women. Methods A prospective study was carried out on pregnant women from the first trimester to delivery. The study was conducted among pregnant women receiving prenatal care in centers under coverage of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Of a total of 1746 pregnant women, screened for thyroid dysfunction, 1028 euthyroid TPOAb-negative (TPOAb−) and 131 thyroid peroxidase antibody-positive (TPOAb+) women without overt thyroid dysfunction entered the second phase of the study. TPOAb+ women were randomly divided into two groups: group A (n = 65), treated with LT4 and group B (n = 66), received no treatment. The 1028 TPOAb− women (group C) served as a normal population control group. Primary outcomes were preterm delivery and miscarriage and secondary outcomes included placenta abruption, still birth, neonatal admission and neonatal TSH levels. Results Groups A and C displayed a lower rate of preterm deliveries compared with group B (RR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.1–0.85, P = 0.0229) and (RR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.14–0.40, P < 0.001) respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the rates of preterm labor between groups A and C (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.30–2.09, P = 0.64). The number needed to treat (NNT) for preterm birth was 5.9 (95% CI: 3.33–25.16) Conclusions Treatment with LT4 decreases the risk of preterm delivery in women who are positive for TPOAb.

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