Racial/Ethnic Differences in Illicit Substance Use: A Temporal-Ordered Test of General Strain Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Ash-Houchen ◽  
Celia C. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Illicit Substance ◽  
Illicit Substance Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
General Strain ◽  
Illicit Use ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This longitudinal study applied general strain theory to elaborate specific stressful events’ lagged effects on risk of illicit substance use among non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic adolescents, and relatedly evaluated the moderating role of race/ethnicity in explaining illicit use. Data were drawn from five waves representing 9 years (2002–2010) of the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), totaling 16,868 person-waves, and we engaged temporal ordering and generalized estimating equations (GEE) for panel data in STATA for data analysis. Results showed specific events affected risk of illicit substance use differentially across racial/ethnic groups. Strains commonly encountered in disorganized spaces affected non-Hispanic White’s risk. Measured strains did not affect non-Hispanic Black respondents and findings for Hispanic respondents point to the family as a possible strain. Results indicated legal drug use and depression increased risk of illicit use greatly. Race/ethnicity’s role in illicit use’s associations with several variables illustrates differential implications for racial/ethnic groups in policy and preventive interventions.

scholarly journals Victimization, Crime Propensity, and Deviance: A Multinational Test of General Strain Theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-430
Author(s):  
Marco Teijón-Alcalá ◽  
Christopher Birkbeck
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
General Strain ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Recent Extension

General Strain Theory (GST) identifies victimization as one of the strains most strongly related to crime which, like other sources of strain, is moderated by individual and social factors. Recently, Agnew extended the theorization of coping strategies by proposing that the effects of strain on deviance are conditioned by individual and social factors in combination, rather than singly, which he labeled crime propensity. Tests of the propensity hypothesis have so far yielded mixed results, highlighting the value of additional studies. Whereas previous tests have focused on single countries, either in North America or Asia, we test the propensity hypothesis using data on adolescents in 25 countries collected through the International Self-Report Delinquency Study (ISRD3; n = 57,760). A series of ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions show that the relationship between victimization and delinquency/substance use is conditioned by the effects of individuals’ crime propensity, thereby supporting the recent extension to GST.

Prevalence and Correlates to Lifetime Illicit Substance Use Among a National Sample of Hispanic Transgender Individuals

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
R. Andrew Yockey ◽  
Rebecca A. Vidourek ◽  
Keith A. King
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Hispanic Population ◽  
Illicit Substance ◽  
Illicit Substance Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Policy Analysts

The Hispanic population is the fastest growing minority population in the United States. A growing body of literature suggests Hispanic individuals are at increased risk for substance use disorders. While much of the literature has focused on Hispanic heterosexual individuals, a paucity of literature has focused on Hispanic transgender individuals. More research is warranted on the prevalence and correlates to substance use among Hispanic sexual minorities, in particular Hispanic transgender individuals. The present study sought to examine correlates to lifetime illicit substance use among a national sample of transgender individuals. A secondary analysis of the 2015 Transgender Survey was conducted among 1,473 Hispanic transgender individuals. Weighted analyses reveal that 29% of Hispanic transgender individuals reported lifetime illicit substance use. Significant predictors included age and prior lifetime substance use. Recommendations for health professionals and policy analysts are included.

scholarly journals General Strain Theory and Substance Use Among American Indian Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamela McNulty Eitle ◽  
David Eitle ◽  
Michelle Johnson-Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
American Indian ◽  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Indian Adolescents ◽  
American Indian Adolescents ◽  
General Strain

Drug-Exposed Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Illegal Drugs ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Illicit Substance ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Illicit Substance Use ◽  
Increased Risk

Recent studies have documented that an increasing number of women of childbearing age are using licit and illicit substances. Although statistical data are insufficient, there are indications that approximately 1 in 10 infants may have been exposed to illicit drugs in utero. The Office of Applied Studies 1992 National Household Survey1 revealed that 6.8% of women of childbearing age admitted to having used an illicit drug in the month before questioning. Recent state surveys have shown that between 8% and 12% of women delivering in their hospitals had used illegal drugs at some time during the pregnancy, including just before delivery.2-5 These studies support information from a study in Pinellas County, FL, which demonstrated that illicit substance use during pregnancy occurs in all racial and socioeconomic lines.6,7 In addition to the use of illegal drugs, the use of alcohol or nonprescribed drugs shortly before delivery is also identified as a problem.8 These incidence data parallel the increasing number of infants being admitted to special-care nurseries for complications caused by intrauterine exposure to alcohol and other drugs. Drug-exposed infants also often go unrecognized and are discharged from the newborn nursery at increased risk for a complex of medical and social problems, including abuse and neglect. This statement addresses illicit substance use in pregnancy and its medical, educational, social, mental health, and legal consequences for children and families. The Academy recently has developed a separate statement to address the issue of infants exposed to alcohol in utero.9 The Problem All illicit drugs reach the fetal circulation by crossing the placenta and can cause direct toxic effects on the fetus, as well as fetal and maternal dependency.10

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document