Reliability and Validity of Alternative Measures of Channel Member Satisfaction

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Ruekert ◽  
Gilbert A. Churchill
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Channel Member ◽  
Cooperative Advertising ◽  
Multiple Item ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Member Satisfaction

The authors describe the development of multiple-item measures to capture the construct of channel member satisfaction. Two measures are developed that are found to have high levels of reliability and validity. In addition, the construct of channel member satisfaction is found to be multidimensional, involving satisfaction with products, financial considerations, social interaction, cooperative advertising programs, and other promotional assistances.

scholarly journals How to use C-OAR-SE to design optimal standard measures

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1924-1941 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Item ◽  
Measure Design ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Accepted Practice ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Convergent Validation

Purpose This paper aims to extend Rossiter’s C-OAR-SE method of measure design (IJRM, 2002, p. 19, p. 4, pp. 305-335; EJM, 2011, p. 45, p. 11, p. 12, pp. 1561-1588) by proposing five distinct construct models for designing optimally content-valid multiple-item and single-item measures. Design/methodology/approach The paper begins by dismissing convergent validation, the core procedure in Nunnally’s (1978) and Churchill’s (1979) psychometric method of measure design which allows alternative measures of the same construct. The method of dismissal is the mathematical demonstration that an alternative measure, no matter how highly its scores converge with those from the original measure, will inevitably produce different findings. The only solution to this knowledge-threatening problem is to agree on an optimal measure of each of our major constructs and to use only that measure in all future research, as is standard practice in the physical sciences. The paper concludes by proposing an extension of Rossiter’s C-OAR-SE method to design optimal standard measures of judgment constructs, the most prevalent type of construct in marketing. Findings The findings are, first, the mathematical dismissal of the accepted practice of convergent validation of alternative measures of the same construct, which paves the way for, second, the proposal of five new C-OAR-SE-based construct models for designing optimal standard measures of judgment constructs, three of which require a multiple-item measure and two of which a single-item measure. Practical implications The common practice of accepting alternative measures of the same construct causes major problems for the social sciences: when different measures are used, it becomes impossible, except by remote chance, to replicate findings; meta-analyses become meaningless because the findings are averaged over different measures; and empirical generalizations cannot be trusted when measures are changed. These problems mean that we cannot continue to accept alternative measures of the constructs and that, for each construct, an optimal standard measure must be found. Originality/value The ideas in this paper, which have untold value for the future of marketing as a legitimate science, are unique to Rossiter’s C-OAR-SE method of measure design.

The Study of Para-Social Interaction with e-Word-of-Mouth for Influencer Marketing by Complex Computing

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Data Process ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was focused on exploring the relationship among the fans’ preferences, fans’ para-social interaction, and fans’ word-of-mouth. A survey consisted of 21 items based on the literature review and developed by this study. An online survey was distributed to the users of YouTube in Taiwan. A total of 606 valid samples was collected by survey. The instrument passed the reliability and validity test. Further, the data process applied the PLS (partial least squares) regression analysis methodology. The result shows that the ‘attractive’ impacted ‘para-social interaction’, ‘e-word-of-mouth’, and ‘preferences of fans’ positively. In addition, the para-social interaction plays an important role as a mediator between influencer’s attractiveness, w-word-of-mouth, and preferences of fans. Some suggestions were provided for social media influence’ related studies as reference.

Tactile Functions in Learning-Disabled and Normal Children: Reliability and Validity Considerations

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moya Kinnealey
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Integration ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

This study compared tactile functions of learning-disabled and normal children as measured by the tactile portions of the Southern California Sensory Integration Tests and the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery, Children's revision, to explore the reliability and validity of the two measures and to determine to what extent they are able to discriminate between normal and learning-disabled children. The subjects were sixty 8-year-old children: 30 normal children and 30 children with learning disabilities. The results showed a significant difference between the tactile scores of learning-disabled and normal children. The internal consistency of both tests was .80. A test-retest reliability coefficient of .86 was obtained for both measures. The construct validity for both measures was good. Furthermore, a discriminant analysis correctly classified 90% of the children. Concurrent validity between the two measures was .73. The study also showed that individual tests of the tactile section of the Southern California tests and of the tactile section of the Luria-Nebraska battery (which was artificially divided into subsections for the purposes of this study) are less reliable than the tests given together.

Measures of Manifest Conflict in Distribution Channels

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Brown ◽  
Ralph L. Day
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Channel Conflict ◽  
Multiple Item ◽  
Automobile Dealers ◽  
Frequency Intensity

Manifest channel conflict is operationalized in terms of the frequency and intensity of disagreements between channel members and the importance of the issues about which they disagree. Six different multiple-item unidimensional measures including from one to all three of these components are evaluated with respect to reliability and validity with a sample of automobile dealers. The measure combining frequency, intensity, and importance multiplicatively is judged superior to the others.

Robert F. Lusch: Mentor, Collaborator, and Colleague

2021 ◽  
pp. 027614672110257
Author(s):  
James R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Channel Member ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Channel Conflict ◽  
Channel Power ◽  
Member Satisfaction ◽  
Power And Dependence

The author reviews his relationship with Professor Robert F. Lusch, including joint research with some of their doctoral students. Their work addressed questions pertaining to marketing channel power and dependence, channel conflict, and channel member satisfaction as well as contracting among channel member firms.

Autism and Self-Determination: Factor Analysis of Two Measures of Self-Determination

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Chi Chou ◽  
Michael L. Wehmeyer ◽  
Karrie A. Shogren ◽  
Susan B. Palmer ◽  
Jaehoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
School Students ◽  
Two Measures

This study examined the reliability and validity and hypothesized factor structure of two assessments of self-determination, the Arc’s Self-Determination Scale (SDS) and the American Institutes for Research Self-Determination Scale (AIR) in students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Ninety-five middle and high school students (17% female and 83% male) aged 13 through 21 years participated. Item analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted separately for the SDS and AIR data. Together, the findings of this study suggest that (a) the two measures in this study show reliability and validity in the measurement of global self-determination in students with ASD and (b) the parameter estimates and the model fit statistics support the hypothesized factor structure of both instruments (with light variation for the SDS). Suggestions for future research and implications for educators are discussed.

scholarly journals Cooperative Advertising in a Supply Chain with Horizontal Competition

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi He ◽  
Qinglong Gou ◽  
Chunxu Wu ◽  
Xiaohang Yue
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Channel Member ◽  
Cooperative Advertising ◽  
Horizontal Competition ◽  
Differential Game Theory ◽  
Advertising Strategies

Cooperative advertising programs are usually provided by manufacturers to stimulate retailers investing more in local advertising to increase the sales of their products or services. While previous literature on cooperative advertising mainly focuses on a “single-manufacturer single-retailer” framework, the decision-making framework with “multiple-manufacturer single-retailer” becomes more realistic because of the increasing power of retailers as well as the increased competition among the manufacturers. In view of this, in this paper we investigate the cooperative advertising program in a “two-manufacturer single-retailer” supply chain in three different scenarios; that is, (i) each channel member makes decisions independently; (ii) the retailer is vertically integrated with one manufacturer; (iii) two manufacturers are horizontally integrated. Utilizing differential game theory, the open-loop equilibrium-advertising strategies of each channel member are obtained and compared. Also, we investigate the effects of competitive intensity on the firm’s profit in three different scenarios by using the numerical analysis.

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