The Influence of Police Treatment and Decision-making on Perceptions of Procedural Justice: A Field Study

Police Behavior ◽

Face To Face ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Social Observation ◽

Perceived Procedural Justice ◽

Dutch Cities

Objectives: This study examines whether police behavior that signals higher quality of treatment or decision-making leads to higher perceived procedural justice. Methods: Analyses are based on data collected during police traffic controls of moped drivers in two Dutch cities over a period of six months. Police behavior was measured through systematic social observation (SSO), and data on perceived procedural justice were collected through face-to-face interviews immediately after the encounters. Linear regression analysis with bootstrap estimates was used (n = 218), with an overall perceived procedural justice scale as the dependent variable in all regressions. Independent variables included an overall observed procedural justice index and four separate scales of police treatment and decision-making. Results: We find no evidence that police behavior that signals fairer treatment or decision-making leads to higher perceived procedural justice. Conclusions: Our findings add to the currently very limited empirical evidence on an important question, and raise questions about a central idea, that more procedurally just treatment and decision making by authorities leads to an increase in perceived procedural justice and enhanced compliance. The first of these requires more research.

Modeling Quality of Urban Life Using a Geospatial Approach

Urban Science ◽

10.3390/urbansci4010005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Helena Merschdorf ◽

Michael E. Hodgson ◽

Thomas Blaschke

Keyword(s):

Urban Life ◽

Past Century ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Quality Of Urban Life ◽

Urban Issues ◽

Urban Characteristics

The rapid global urbanization of the past century poses several challenges for planners and policy makers. In particular, the conflation of social and urban issues must be understood to create sustainable and livable urban places. In this regard, it was our aim to model and understand the relationship between urban characteristics and peoples’ perceived quality of urban life (QoUL) using statistical analysis and geospatial modeling. We selected objective variables representing urban characteristics based on literature and used principal components analysis to develop uncorrelated components. These components served as the independent variables in a multiple linear regression analysis. The subjective, dependent variables were extracted from a QoUL survey. Results indicated that only the Education/Income component is related to QoUL (R2 of 0.46). Using only single independent variables in a linear model explained 46% of the total variance—over 10% higher than any previously determined relationship between objective variables and subjective QoUL. Furthermore, we found that subjective high QoUL and subjective low QoUL were not strongly correlated, indicating that they are affected by different objective variables, respectively. This suggests that future efforts of increasing QoUL need to define their goals more precisely, as measures for increasing perceptions of high QoUL are likely different from measures for decreasing perceptions of low QoUL.

The Quality of Public Finance in the Countries of South-East Europe

Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice ◽

10.2478/jcbtp-2020-0009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 169-184

Author(s):

Ivana Vukčević ◽

Radislav Jovović

Keyword(s):

Institutional Environment ◽

Quality Level ◽

Macroeconomic Policies ◽

East Europe ◽

Public Finances ◽

Independent Variables ◽

South East Europe

AbstractThe subject of this research is to analyze a number of factors that impact the quality of public finances in the selected post-socialist South East countries (SEE). In the theoretical part of the paper we have selected and analyzed the factors (variables). The following key factors of influence (as independent variables) were included: socialist heritage, politicization as an abuse of macroeconomic policies, instability of institutional environment, human capital deficits in the area of public finances, and financial accountability deficits.In the quantitative part, the level of selected factors was assessed on the quality level of public finances in the observed countries. The hypothesis was that the factors selected had a very significant impact on the quality of public finances.Mathematical model based on multiple linear regression analysis was created in order to explain the functional relationship between the dependent variable: the quality level of public finances and the selected independent variables. The goal is to estimate the expected mean of the dependent variable (Y) based on individual estimates of the respondents.Regarding the respondent’s perception, the Likert scale (1.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5,0) was used, where 1.0 indicates the lowest impact and 5.0 indicates the highest impact. Based on their best knowledge, experience, and (or) intuition, the respondents were asked to assess the dependent variable in the model and independent variables. The empirical data obtained, qualitative and quantitative, have confirmed the hypothesis.

Školski uzrast kao prediktor kvaliteta grupnog donošenja odluka učenika - perspektiva nastavnika

Inovacije u nastavi ◽

10.5937/inovacije2102001p ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Goran Pljakić ◽

Aleksandar Tadić

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Social Interaction ◽

Small Groups ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Orientation Interaction ◽

Quality Decision ◽

Positive Effect

The forms of organization supporting social interaction are favored in the pedagogical and didactical models of work of educational institutions of progressive orientation. Interaction between students during work in small groups is viewed as a significant factor in enabling them for a quality decision-making in the process of interactive work. The paper investigates whether, from teachers' perspective, the age of students is a significant predictor of the quality of decision-making during work in small groups. The attitudes of 162 teachers towards the quality of decisions that students make while working in small groups were examined by using the KDO-MG scale. The assumption that there is a tendency for the quality of decision-making to increase with the progression of students' age was verified by using a single linear regression analysis. The results confirmed that, according to teachers, the age of students can be considered a predictor of the quality of decision-making during work in small groups. It is a relatively weak, but stable prediction. Teachers do not question the positive effect of students' work in small groups, but they believe that it is slightly determined by their age, so that the older the students are, the higher the quality of decision-making during work in small groups.

The Effect of Service Quality and Product Quality (Rooms and Food) on Consumer Satisfaction of Harris Sentul Hotel Bogor

TRJ Tourism Research Journal ◽

10.30647/trj.v3i1.52 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Hamdany Hamdany ◽

Adhi Trirachmadi Mumin ◽

Diena Mutiara Lemmy

Keyword(s):

Customer Satisfaction ◽

Service Quality ◽

Product Quality ◽

Consumer Satisfaction ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Study Results ◽

Quality Of Food ◽

Two Independent Variables

Research on the influence of two independent variables namely service quality and product quality (of room and food) conducted at Harris Hotel Sentul Bogor aims to examine the level of its influence either partially or simultaneously on customer’s satisfaction as the dependent variable. The dimensions of service quality that are examined in terms of its influence on consumer satisfaction include elements of reliability, assurance, tangible, empathy and responsiveness. Some of the product quality indicators for the rooms quality examined to have its influence on customer satisfaction include elements of design, features, quality of performance and the perceive of quality while indicators for the quality of food products which considered to have effect on consumer satisfaction includes the element of taste of food, aroma of food and the presentation of food. The number of respondents who took part in the research was 300 of respondents who were the consumers invited to share their experience on the questioner during their stay at Harris Sentul Hotel. Data analysis techniques used in this study are linear regression analysis. The study results have answered the 3 hypotheses and show that service quality has a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction partially likewise, the study results has showed that the quality of room and food have a strong influence on the level of customer satisfaction who stayed at Harris Sentul as well as study has showed that simultaneously the 2 (two) independent variables had a positive and significant effect.

Is health literacy of family carers associated with carer burden, quality of life, and time spent on informal care for older persons living with dementia?

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0241982 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. e0241982

Author(s):

Kristin Häikiö ◽

Denise Cloutier ◽

Jorun Rugkåsa

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Older People ◽

Informal Care ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Family Carers ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Carer Burden

Introduction Family carers are cornerstones in the care of older people living with dementia. Family carers report extensive carer burden, reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and extensive time spent on informal care (Time). Health literacy (HL) is a concept associated with people’s ability to access health services, and navigate the healthcare system. This study’s aim was to investigate HL among family carers, and investigate the associations between HL and carer burden, HRQoL, and Time spent on informal care. Method We designed a self-administered survey comprising validated instruments, including the Health Literacy Scale (HLS-N-Q12) to measure HL, Relative Stress Scale (RSS) to measure carer burden, the EQ-5D-5L instrument to measure HRQoL, and some modified questions from the Resource Utilization in Dementia (RUD) questionnaire to measure time spent on informal care (Time). Descriptive analysis in addition to bivariate and multiple linear regressions were undertaken. In multiple linear regression analysis, we used HL as the independent variable to predict the outcomes (carer burden, HRQoL, Time). Analyses were adjusted for the effects of explanatory independent variables: age, gender, education levels, urban residency, having worked as health personnel, caring for someone with severe/mild dementia, and being born abroad. Findings In a non-probability sample of 188 family carers from across Norway, most of them female and over the age of 60, we found high levels of HL. In the bivariate analysis, carer burden and HRQoL (EQvalue) showed significant associations with HL. In the multiple regression analyses, HL was statistically significantly associated with carer burden (B = -0.18 CI:-0.33,-0.02 p = 0.02), HRQoL (EQvalue: B = 0.003 with 95% CI: 0.001, 0.006 p = 0.04), and Time (B = -0.03 with 95% CI: -0.06, 0.000, p = 0.046), after adjusting for the effect of independent variables. Conclusion This is one of the first studies to investigate the associations between HL and different outcomes for family carers of older people living with dementia. Additional research into the associations identified here is needed to further develop our understanding of how to support family carers in their roles. Targeted support that increases family carers’ HL may have potential to enhance their ability to provide sustainable care over time.

Determinan Kualitas Hasil Audit Aparat Inspektorat dalam Keuangan Daerah Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat

Riset, Ekonomi, Akuntansi dan Perpajakan (Rekan) ◽

10.30812/rekan.v2i2.1479 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 135-148

Author(s):

Defel Septian ◽

R . Ayu Ida Aryani ◽

Muliani Muliani

Keyword(s):

Sampling Method ◽

Audit Quality ◽

Internal Audit ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Internal Auditors ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Audit Result

This study used 20 internal auditors of West Nusa Tenggara Inspectorate Apparatus as sample, determined based on saturated or census sampling method. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis with the quality of local government internal audit results as the dependent variable as well as the independence, integrity and competence of internal auditors as independent variables. The results of this study indicate that there is positive and partial influence between the independence and auditor integrity to the audit quality. Meanwhile, the study found that competence has no positive and significant influence on the quality of audit result. The coefficient of determination indicates that the independent, integrity and competence simultaneously affect the dependent variable (the quality of audit result) of 41,5%, while the remaining 58,5% influenced by other factors.

ANALISIS PENGARUH IKLAN, BRAND TRUST DAN BRAND IMAGE TERHADAP MINAT BELI KONSUMEN SAMSUNG GALAXY DI PONOROGO

Justicia Islamica ◽

10.21154/justicia.v9i1.341 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ika Susilawati

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Brand Image ◽

T Test ◽

Brand Trust ◽

Independent Variables ◽

H2 Yield ◽

Image Variables

ANALISIS PENGARUH IKLAN, BRAND TRUST DAN BRAND IMAGE TERHADAP MINAT BELI KONSUMEN SAMSUNG GALAXY DI PONOROGO Ika Susilawati Abstract: This research background that the current phenomenon android-based phones in Indonesia in controlled by Samsung, whereas before 2010 the master phones in Indonesia is another vendor. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence consumers to buy Samsung galaxy in Ponorogo. This research is descriptive quantitative, using three hypotheses. Analysis of the hypothesis in this study uses a linear regression analysis and t-test with SPSS tools. There are two variables in this study; the dependent variable is interest to buy, and the independent variables, namely advertising, brand image and brand trust, which indicated that three independent variables affect the dependent variable. Third in the proposed hypothesis is H1: Variable advertising influence buying interest, H2: Brand Trust variables affect buying interest, H3: Brand Image variables affect buying interest. The result is all the t-test that produced t-table. T-chart in this study was 0.05. Produce t-test H1 and H2 yield 0.000 t-tests 0.001 while the H3 produce 0.004 t-tests. So from all these results the hypothesis is accepted. So in the hope that this study will contribute to the company that buying interest is influenced by various factors, including advertising, brand trust and brand image, so the company will further improve the service and quality of product. Kata kunci: iklan, brand trust, brand image, minat beli

Analisis Kualitas Layanan E-Government dengan Pendekatan E-GovQual Modifikasi

JURNAL SISTEM INFORMASI BISNIS ◽

10.21456/vol9iss2pp157-164 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

Frandika Septa ◽

Anton Yudhana ◽

Abdul Fadlil

Keyword(s):

Service Quality ◽

User Satisfaction ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Environment Variable ◽

Variable Function

E-Government Quality (E-GovQual) is a method for measuring the quality of electronic-based information systems in providing services to the public. The Modified E-GovQual Approach uses the overall assessment of the SIMSARPRAS website (Infrastructure Management Information System) based on the user's perception of the SIMSARPRAS website, so that the analysis of service quality becomes more accurate and precise in its assessment. Overall assessment of the E-GovQual Modification approach aims to determine the quality of service based on the level of influence of the 6 independent variables of E-GovQual, namely the ease of use, trust variable, function variable and form interaction (functionality of the interaction environment), variable reliability (reliability), variable content and display information (content and appearance of information) and supporting variables (citizen support) to the dependent variable, namely user satisfaction. This study uses the modified E-GovQual method by conducting validity, reliability testing, multiple linear regression analysis, t test and F test on the results of the questionnaire on 500 respondents, with 6 independent variables and 1 dependent variable. The results obtained in this study note that the quality of SIMSARPRAS website services has an effect of 61.7% on user satisfaction, and the correlation coefficient value is 78.5%. With these results, it was concluded that the SIMSARPRAS website has good service quality as an application that performs public services, and there is a strong relationship between the quality of E-Government services and the satisfaction of E-Government users. The results of this study also become a reference or evaluation material to the Ministry of Religion as the owner of the SIMSARPRAS website and can also be used as a reference for similar research.

2008 APSA Teaching and Learning Track Summaries—Track Five: Simulations and Role Play I

Political Science and Politics ◽

10.1017/s1049096508260890 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 41 (03) ◽

pp. 617-618

Author(s):

Chad Raymond ◽

Denise Vaughan

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Student Perceptions ◽

Teaching And Learning ◽

Role Play ◽

Role Playing ◽

Intercultural Understanding ◽

Face Model ◽

Quality Of Instruction ◽

Face To Face

The Simulations and Role Play I track examined a broad range of approaches to classroom simulations and role-playing exercises. The presentations covered designs that operate online and face-to-face, model decision making at local and international levels, and run from only a few minutes to an entire semester. Participants and discussants identified several elements that are common to successful simulations. These elements included establishing clear objectives for a simulation prior to its use in a course, designing simulations to actively engage students in the learning process, and using simulations to develop professional skills, empathy, and intercultural understanding among students. The track members agreed that simulations need not be time intensive in preparation or presentation, but can be flexible and made to fit unique situations. Finally, while simulations may not increase student perceptions of the quality of instruction, the simulations do seem to increase student empathy and student decision-making skills, which are worthwhile achievements.

Reputation Management Through Online Feedbacks in E-Business Environment

Digital Marketing and Consumer Engagement ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-5187-4.ch029 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 568-587

Author(s):

Vikas Kumar ◽

Prasann Pradhan

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Business Environment ◽

Reputation Management ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Electronic Business ◽

Face To Face ◽

Specific Focus ◽

Trading Partners ◽

Online Trading

Popularity of electronic business has changed the way people are transacting businesses around the globe. People are engaged in online businesses (like buying, selling, promoting or collaborating) without any physical or face to face contact with the trading partners. Correspondingly, the concept of reputation has become an as important pillar of the electronic business to provide some level of assurance about the quality of the traders as well as their products and services. In this scenario, online feedbacks have emerged as a valuable tool in reputation management and help in making a choice for the best quality online trading partners. Further, there is a strong need for the e-business companies to change their strategies and decision making process to build and manage their reputation via online feedbacks. In this paper, the reputation and reputation management through online feedbacks have been discussed with a specific focus on the electronic business (e-business). This paper examines the prevailing reputation models, which are based on online feedbacks and are used by the companies. Specific examples and cases have been added to highlight the present day industry scenario.