Coordination of Policy in the EEC

1974 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Margaret J. Broadbent
Keyword(s):  
Common Market ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Common Basis ◽  
European Social Fund ◽  
Social Fund ◽  
Treaty Of Rome ◽  
The Common ◽  
European Investment

The most notable and best publicised achievements of the European Economic Community (EEC) have been in liberalising trade between its member countries. But apart from setting up the ‘common market’ from which it derives its popular name, the Treaty of Rome gave the Community the duty ‘to promote …. an harmonious development of economic activities, a continuous and balanced expansion, an increase in stability, an accelerated raising of the standard of living and closer relations between the Member States belonging to it’. In addition to the elimination of barriers to the passage of goods between members and the establishment of a common agricultural policy and a common basis of trade with the outside world, the Treaty provided specifically for freedom of movement for persons, services and capital, a common transport policy, a system ensuring that competition should not be distorted, procedures for coordinating economic policies and remedying balance of payments disequilibria, the approximation of laws to the extent required for proper functioning of the common market, and a European Social Fund and European Investment Bank.

Article 175 TFEU

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policies ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
European Regional Development Fund ◽  
European Social Fund ◽  
Social Fund ◽  
European Investment ◽  
European Regional

Article 159 EC Member States shall conduct their economic policies and shall coordinate them in such a way as, in addition, to attain the objectives set out in Article 174. The formulation and implementation of the Union’s policies and actions and the implementation of the internal market shall take into account the objectives set out in Article 174 and shall contribute to their achievement. The Union shall also support the achievement of these objectives by the action it takes through the Structural Funds (European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund, Guidance Section; European Social Fund; European Regional Development Fund), the European Investment Bank and the other existing Financial Instruments.

Social Economy – Opportunities and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pobeda Lukanova ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Economy ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
Legal Environment ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
National Priority ◽  
European Social Fund ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Fund

The social economy is part of the national economy that is subordinate to social goals and uses socially acceptable forms of organizing economic activities. The realization of its employment opportunities as well as products and services of social significance is a topical national priority. Here are presented the main features of this economy and its current situation in Bulgaria. The legal environment and the need for a framework law for it have been considered; opportunities for training of social entrepreneurs; insufficient use of the European Social Fund to finance its initiatives. The perspectives of the social economy are placed within the framework of the development of the digital economy and its element.

The Limits of Free Circulation; The Torfaen Borough Council Case

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc van der woude
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Trade Liberalisation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Borough Council ◽  
The Common ◽  
Broad Interpretation

The energetic implementation of the 1992 programme should not be allowed to put the contribution of the Court of Justice to the establishment of the Common Market in the shade. Its case law on the direct effect of Treaty provisions concerning the free circulation of persons, services and goods enables European workers and business-men to fight effectively against protectionism in the EEC Member States. The Court gives, moreover, a very broad interpretation to the prohibitions contained in these provisions and, reciprocally, a very restrictive interpretation to their exceptions. This approach leads to the removal of nearly every obstacle to free trade. Liberalisation has its limits however. Certain economic activities require regulation, even if it has restrictive effects.

15. EU External Relations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Smith
Keyword(s):  
Customs Union ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
External Relations ◽  
International Monetary Policy ◽  
Treaty Of Rome ◽  
The Common ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the external economic relations of the European Union. It begins with a discussion of institutions and policy-making in external economic relations, focusing in particular on the Common Commercial Policy (CCP). Established by the Treaty of Rome and fully implemented in the late 1960s, the CCP is the means by which the EU manages the complex range of partnerships, negotiations, agreements, and disputes that emerge through the operation of the customs union and the single market. The chapter proceeds by exploring two areas of mixed competence, in which policy responsibility is shared between the EU institutions and national governments: development assistance policy and international monetary policy. It concludes with an analysis of tensions and contradictions in EU external economic policies.

Salazar, London and the Process of European Integration up until the Signing of the Treaty of Rome

2018 ◽  
pp. 265-293
Author(s):  
António Lopes
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The Political ◽  
Customs Union ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
The Third ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Treaty Of Rome ◽  
The Common

This article aims to shed some light on the political and ideological agendas of both London and Lisbon during the process leading up to the signing of the Treaty of Rome, on 25 March 1957. It focuses on four main questions. The frst one is on how the colonial issue still influenced their attitudes towards the process of European integration. The second one explores how the risks of isolation conditioned their understanding of the commercial and economic potential of a European common market. The third question addresses their inability to identify themselves with the principles and values of the European project. The fourth one seeks to ascertain the views exchanged between the British and Portuguese governments on issues such as the customs union, the common market and the free trade area.

scholarly journals Can We Make the European Fundamental Freedoms Less Constraining? A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Martin HÖPNER ◽  
Susanne K. SCHMIDT
Keyword(s):  
Judicial System ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
Fundamental Freedoms ◽  
Market Rules ◽  
Treaty Of Rome ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Given

Abstract This article reviews the legal and political science literatures on the extensive interpretation of the European fundamental freedoms and on possible ways out. The common market rules were originally laid down in an international treaty, the Treaty of Rome. In functional terms, this treaty became a de facto constitution, implying that its content, including the fundamental freedoms, were constitutionalised. We review how this constitutionalisation constrains legislators at the Member State and European levels. In order to identify possible ways out, we also review several reform options: institutional reforms of the European judicial system; the de-constitutionalisation of the fundamental freedoms; counterbalancing these freedoms with further strengthened social rights; and contestation of over-constitutionalisation within the given primary law framework. We conclude that reform options are available that could gradually free the legislators from the over-constitutionalisation of the common market rules. Such options should become part of the ‘Conference on the Future of Europe’ process and debates about EU reforms in general, as more flexibility is warranted in a heterogeneous EU.

European Communities

1960 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-483
Keyword(s):  
Steel Production ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The West ◽  
The Press ◽  
Liberal Group ◽  
Soviet Trade ◽  
Treaty Of Rome ◽  
The Common

The press reported that the European Parliamentary Assembly, meeting on March 28–April 1, 1960, began its session with the election of Prof. Hans Furler, head of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the West German Bundestag, to the presidency, succeeding Robert Schuman of France. The voting reflected party alignment that ignored the nationalities of the members, Dr. Furler, candidate of the Democratic Christian group, having defeated Gaetano Martino of Italy, candidate of the Liberal group. The Socialists, the third party in the Parliament, had not presented a candidate. Prior to a debate on economic policy, Dr. Furler took the rostrum to thank Mr. Schuman for his efforts on behalf of the European Communities, as it was he who had started the six-nation federation with his proposal for the combination of French and West German coal and steel production. Dr. Furler then asked the Parliament to establish the common market at a faster pace than that specified in the 1957 Treaty of Rome, which had brought the market into existence. In this he was aided by Walter Hallstein, president of the Administrative Commission of the European Economic Community (EEC), who explained the proposals for acceleration of the common market and urged their support as a defense against any Soviet trade war against the West. The proposals centered around a 30-percent reduction in the internal customs of the six member states by July 1, 1960, as well as a start toward the establishment of a common exterior tariff. The members had reservations against the plan, but expressed general support for it in a resolution which received near-unanimous approval (the exceptions being one negative vote and two abstentions).

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