Health Professionals’ Explanations of Suicidal Behaviour: Effects of Professional Group, Theoretical Intervention Model, and Patient Suicide Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Areal Rothes ◽  
Margarida Rangel Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Patient Suicide ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Psychological Suffering ◽  
Intervention Models ◽  
Suicidal Person

In a help relation with a suicidal person, the theoretical models of suicidality can be essential to guide the health professional’s comprehension of the client/patient. The objectives of this study were to identify health professionals’ explanations of suicidal behaviors and to study the effects of professional group, theoretical intervention models, and patient suicide experience in professionals’ representations. Two hundred and forty-two health professionals filled out a self-report questionnaire. Exploratory principal components analysis was used. Five explanatory models were identified: psychological suffering, affective cognitive, sociocommunicational, adverse life events, and psychopathological. Results indicated that the psychological suffering and psychopathological models were the most valued by the professionals, while the sociocommunicational was seen as the least likely to explain suicidal behavior. Differences between professional groups were found. We concluded that training and reflection on theoretical models in general and in communicative issues in particular are needed in the education of health professionals.

Facing a Patient Who Seeks Help After a Suicide Attempt

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Areal Rothes ◽  
Margarida Rangel Henriques ◽  
Joana Barreiros Leal ◽  
Marina Serra Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Suicidal Patient ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Patient Suicide ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Professional Characteristics ◽  
Suicidal Patients

Background: Although intervention with suicidal patients is one of the hardest tasks in clinical practice, little is known about health professionals’ perceptions about the difficulties of working with suicidal patients. Aims: The aims of this study were to: (1) describe the difficulties of professionals facing a suicidal patient; (2) analyze the differences in difficulties according to the sociodemographic and professional characteristics of the health professionals; and (3) identify the health professionals’ perceived skills and thoughts on the need for training in suicide. Method: A self-report questionnaire developed for this purpose was filled out by 196 health professionals. Exploratory principal components analyses were used. Results: Four factors were found: technical difficulties; emotional difficulties; relational and communicational difficulties; and family-approaching and logistic difficulties. Differences were found between professionals who had or did not have training in suicide, between professional groups, and between the number of patient suicide attempts. Sixty percent of the participants reported a personal need for training and 85% thought it was fundamental to implement training plans targeted at health professionals. Conclusion: Specific training is fundamental. Experiential and active methodologies should be used and technical, relational, and emotional questions must be included in the training syllabus.

Intropunitiveness and Parasuicide: Prediction of Interview Response

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Goldberg ◽  
I. Sakinofsky
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Interview ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Symptom Change ◽  
Depressive State ◽  
Change Measure ◽  
State Changes ◽  
Interview Group ◽  
Depressive States

A recently proposed relationship between intropunitiveness and depressive states was examined in interview intervention with parasuicidal in-patients. To test the prediction that highly intropunitive parasuicidal individuals would be most responsive to cognitive intervention, a sample of 48 parasuicidal in-patients were administered a battery of individual difference measures, including the Hostility Questionnaire. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three interview procedures, namely a cognitive interview, an affective interview or a waiting period (control). Highly intropunitive individuals in the cognitive interview group showed the most improvements on a self-report depressive symptom change measure. In addition to supporting theoretical models of depressive state changes, the study has important clinical implications because of the need to identify parasuicidal individuals who are most likely to benefit from brief interventions.

Extended Breastfeeding in Poland: Knowledge of Health Care Providers and Attitudes on Breastfeeding Beyond Infancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Baranowska ◽  
Marta Malinowska ◽  
Ewelina Stanaszek ◽  
Dorota Sys ◽  
Grażyna Bączek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Extended breastfeeding is rare in Poland, and lack of acceptance and understanding is often evident in public opinion. The ability to provide reliable information about breastfeeding beyond infancy depends on health professionals’ levels of knowledge and attitudes. They are considered by most parents in Poland to be authorities in the field of child nutrition. Research aims: To determine (1) the level of knowledge and the attitudes of Polish health professionals towards extended breastfeeding; (2) the relationship between personal breastfeeding experience and attitudes towards extended breastfeeding; and (3) the relationship between knowledge about breastfeeding beyond twelve months and attitudes towards breastfeeding beyond infancy. Methods: A one-group prospective, cross-sectional, self-report style survey was used. The convenience sample ( N = 495) comprised gynaecologists, neonatologists and midwives. Data were collected via an online questionnaire and the results were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics, a chi-square independence test, Fisher’s exact test, post-hoc testing, and two-part tables using SPSS. Results: Most of the respondents (76.7%; n = 384) had a low level of knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding beyond twelve months and even emphasized that this nutritional choice could have negative impacts. There was a positive correlation ( F = 105.847; p = < .01) between levels of knowledge and respondents’ attitudes towards breastfeeding beyond infancy. Attitudes were also influenced by the length of time respondents had breastfed. Conclusion: Healthcare providers have an insufficient level of knowledge about extended breastfeeding and need further education in this area.

scholarly journals A vivência da morte pela equipe de saúde que atua no setor de oncologia

Bionorte ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Jacina Santos Dias ◽  
Woochiton Ramos Lopes Pereira ◽  
Leonardo Augusto Couto Finelli
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Qualification ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Intervention Models ◽  
The Subject

Objective: Identify the team's difficulties in dealing with the death process of patients under their care. Materials and Methods: the research carried out is classified as exploratory, qualitative, cross-sectional, with a field research design. We interviewed professionals from the health team of the oncology sector, then the data were analyzed from discourse analysisprocedures that sought connections between objects, strategies, concepts and enunciative types. To these data were verified systems of unity and coherence, reached by the analysis of the summary descriptions that were collected. Results: it was verified that there is no preparation offered by the institution so that the professionals learn the best deal with death. Therefore, it is urgent that the question of professional qualification be restored. Conclusion: the need for future research on the subject, which is suggestive of testingproposals and intervention models, such as the continuous training of professionals, is aimed at, among other purposes, the training of health professionals in dealing with process of death and death of its patients.

scholarly journals Behavior Change Theories: a New Medical Education Paradigm?

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Essado Rios
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Motivation To Change ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Behavior Change Theories

Abstract: A critical perspective on the importance of evidence-based behavior change theories for medical education is presented. Numerous theoretical models have been proposed to explain behavior changes, with two theories currently emerging as a new paradigm, namely the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and the Prime Theory of Motivation. Behind this is the fact that these theories were proposed based on comprehensive literature review about explanatory models of behavioral changes, in addition to consensus among experts. The basic principle is that any change in behavior necessarily involves three interrelated aspects: capability, opportunity, and motivation. In the present essay, these theories were addressed with a view to problems involving behaviors in medical education, and emphasis on the problem of obsolete teaching practices in the training of health professionals. Assuming that good teachers have a global view of the teaching profession, and not merely of their specialty, interventions to change outdated teaching performances among health educators should start by understanding their motivation to change. It is also necessary to investigate their knowledge and skills about innovative teaching-learning methods (capability), as well as whether the environment supports methodological diversification and innovation (opportunity). In summary, evidence-based behavior change theories may represent a new paradigm for medical education when the goal involves overcoming behavioral problems.

scholarly journals The education needs of health professionals conservatively managing genital oedema: UK survey findings

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. S18-S26
Author(s):  
Rhian Noble-Jones ◽  
Melanie J Thomas ◽  
Marie Gabe-Walters
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Postgraduate Training ◽  
Nurse Training ◽  
Patient Assessment ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Education Needs ◽  
Training Opportunities ◽  
Specific Education

Background: Adults and children report genital oedema but prevalence is unknown. Pre-registration nurse training rarely includes genital oedema and postgraduate training opportunities are rare. Aim: To identify the education needs of health professionals regarding management of genital oedema. Method: An electronic survey was cascaded to health professionals through relevant professional groups and social media. Findings: Of 149 UK respondents, most manage patients with genital oedema but only 2% felt current training was sufficient. Of 138 responding regarding supplemental training, only a half had completed genital oedema specific education, usually of 1–4 hours' duration. Confidence in knowledge was up to 22.5% higher in those with genital oedema education, even accounting for years of experience. The most common top three individual needs were compression, contemporary surgical and medical management and patient assessment. Educational resources are needed and both offline and online formats were suggested; collaborative events with urology/pelvic health are essential. Conclusion: Health professionals working in lymphoedema care have (unmet) specific education needs regarding genital oedema management. The desire for both offline and online resources reflects the necessity of accessing learning at a distance and on an ‘as needed’ basis.

scholarly journals Help-seeking Following Termination of Pregnancy after Diagnosis of Fetal Anomaly: Womenʼs Intentions and Experiences 1 to 7 Years after the Event

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (02) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Hanschmidt ◽  
Rahel Hoffmann ◽  
Johanna Klingner ◽  
Anette Kersting ◽  
Holger Stepan
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Fetal Anomaly ◽  
Current Psychological

Abstract Introduction Diagnosis of fetal anomaly and the difficult circumstances involved in the decision to terminate an affected pregnancy can go along with severe psychological distress. However, little is known about womenʼs help-seeking for emotional problems following an abortion after diagnosis of fetal anomaly. Methods 148 women who had been treated for abortion after diagnosis of fetal anomaly at the University Hospital Leipzig responded to self-report questionnaires 1 to 7 years after the event. Main outcomes were help-seeking intentions and actual help-seeking behavior. Logistic regression was used to explore the associations between participantsʼ sociodemographic characteristics and help-seeking intentions. Results Most women reported that they would seek help from their partner (91.7%), friends/family (82.8%) or the internet (62.2%). With regard to health services, 50.0% of women would seek help from gynecologists and between 43.8 and 47.9% from counseling services and mental health professionals. Intentions to seek help from support groups were lowest (21.7%). Age, income, region, and religion were associated with help-seeking intentions. Among participants with elevated levels of current psychological distress, 23.8% indicated that they had not discussed their emotional problems with a health service ever. Conclusion Gynecologists are among the most preferred health professionals for women to discuss psychological problems in the aftermath of an abortion after diagnosis of fetal anomaly. They should be actively involved in screening, diagnostic assessment, and referral of affected women.

scholarly journals What we have learned from the Rigopiano tragedy

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Pescini ◽  
Paola D’alfonso
Keyword(s):  
Professional Group ◽  
Intense Pain ◽  
Operational Strategy ◽  
Missing Persons ◽  
Psychological Suffering ◽  
Intervention Method ◽  
Abruzzo Region

On the afternoon of 18 January 2017, a major avalanche occurred on Gran Sasso d’Italia massif, destroying an hotel in Rigopiano, and killing twenty-nine people. A staff of psychologists trained in emergency psychology was involved to assist the families of the missing persons without ever abandoning them for eight consecutive days. Particular care was posed to identify an appropriate setting where families and psychologists could interact, favoring emotional containment and protection of intimacy in moments of intense pain. It was considered paramount that the team shared their intervention method, and that nobody operated individually, because this would support both families and members of the professional group. The long waiting for news about the missing persons’ fate was a suspended time, during which the psychologists engaged in emotional rescue were called to express their empathy understanding and sharing silence. Once the bodies were retrieved, the recognition of corpses required the sharing of a common operational strategy to face lucid or contradictory communications, and the alternate feelings of disbelief, anger, or guilt. As a consequence of the Rigopiano tragedy, in the year 2018 the Abruzzo region wrote a new plan for maxi health emergencies, recognizing psychological suffering among the needs to be met in case of disaster.

Leaving Lake Wobegon: firearm-related education and training for medical and mental health professionals is an essential competence

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianni Pirelli ◽  
Liza Gold
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Average Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Training

Purpose Firearm-involved violence and suicide in the USA, often collectively referred to as “gun violence,” has been labeled a public health problem and an epidemic, and even an endemic by some. Many lawmakers, community groups, mainstream media outlets and professional organizations regularly address gun-related issues and frequently associate firearm violence with mental health. As a result, these groups often set forth positions, engage in discussions and promote policies that are at least partially based on the widely held but incorrect assumption that medical and mental health professionals are either inherently equipped or professionally trained to intervene with their patients and reduce gun deaths. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Furthermore, notable proportions of medical and mental health professionals self-report a level of comfort engaging in firearm-specific interventions that is often disproportionate to their actual education and training in the area. This type of overconfidence bias has been referred to as the Lake Wobegon Effect, illusory superiority, the above average effect, the better-than average effect or the false uniqueness bias. While medical and mental health professionals need to serve on the front line of firearm-involved violence and suicide prevention initiatives, the vast majority have not actually received systematic, formal training on firearm-specific issues. Findings Therefore, many lack the professional and cultural competence to meet current and potential future in regard to addressing gun violence. In this paper, the authors discuss empirical studies that illustrate this reality and a novel model (i.e. the Know, Ask, Do framework) that medical and mental health professionals can use when firearm-related issues arise. In addition, the authors set forth considerations for clinicians to develop and maintain their professional and cultural competence related to firearms and firearm-related subcultures. Originality/value This paper provides empirical and conceptual support for medical and mental health programs to develop formal education and training related to guns, gun safety and gun culture. A framework is provided that can also assist medical and mental health professionals to develop and maintain their own professional and cultural competence.

scholarly journals Who Should Play a Key Role in Preventing Common Mental Disorders that Affect Employees in the Workplace? Results of a Survey with Occupational Health Physicians, Primary Care Physicians, Psychotherapists, and Human Resource Managers

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Michaelis ◽  
Elisabeth Maria Balint ◽  
Florian Junne ◽  
Stephan Zipfel ◽  
Harald Gündel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Human Resource Managers ◽  
Insurance Agents ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Resource Managers

The rising burden of common mental disorders (CMDs) in employees requires strategies for prevention. No systematic data exist about how those involved perceive their roles, responsibilities, and interactions with other professional groups. Therefore, we performed a multi-professional standardized survey with health professionals in Germany. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 133 occupational health physicians (OHPs), 136 primary care physicians (PCPs), 186 psychotherapists (PTs), and 172 human resource managers (HRMs). Inter alia, they were asked which health professionals working in the company health service and in the outpatient care or in the sector of statutory insurance agents should play a key role in the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of CMDs in employees. The McNemar test was used in order to compare the attributed roles among the professionals involved. With regard to CMDs, all the professional groups involved in this study declared OHPs as the most relevant pillar in the field of prevention. In primary prevention, HRMs regarded themselves, OHPs, and health insurance agents as equally relevant in terms of prevention. PTs indicated an important role for employee representatives in this field. In secondary prevention, PCPs were regarded as important as OHPs. HRMs indicated themselves as equally important as OHPs and PCPs. In tertiary prevention, only OHPs identified themselves as main protagonists. The other groups marked a variety of several professions. There is a common acceptance from the parties involved that might help the first steps be taken toward overcoming barriers, e.g., by developing a common framework for quality-assured intersectional cooperation in the field of CMD prevention in employees.

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