Predictive Factors of Depression Among Relatives of Brain-Dead Persons: A Descriptive Correlational Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 003022282097480
Author(s):  
Kourosh Amini ◽  
Mahnaz Rahmani ◽  
Masoumeh Asgari ◽  
Ramazan Fallah
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
The Unemployed

This study aimed to determine the predictive factors of depression among relatives of person deceased by brain death. In this study, 106 first-degree relatives of people who died of due to brain death were studied. Of the study units, 72.64% had levels of depression (severe, moderate, and mild). Among the dependent variables concerning deceased person, age and gender of the deceased were significantly correlated with the depression of their relatives. Among the variables concerning relatives, low level of education, unemployment and time elapsed after brain death have significant role in the incidence or prediction of their depression (p < 0.05). The results indicated a high prevalence of depression among relatives of men aged 30–50 who died because of brain death. It is recommended to consider this fact in planning to care relatives, especially among the low-educated, the unemployed and experiencing the first year of death, of people deceased by brain death.

Abstract P002: Gender Differences in Atrial Fibrillation Hospitalizations

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Naderi ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
JoAnne Foody
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Skilled Nursing Facility ◽  
Nursing Facility ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Skilled Nursing ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

Background: While there are recognized gender differences in cardiovascular disease, little is known regarding the role of gender in atrial fibrillation (AF). We therefore sought to determine differences in characteristics of AF hospitalization between men and women. Methods: Data from the 2009-2010 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project were used to model AF hospitalizations as a function of patient age and gender. Results: Of 192,846 AF hospitalizations, 50% of patients were female. Mean age was 74 years versus 66 years for men. Figure I shows AF hospitalizations stratified by age and gender. Women were less likely than men to have diabetes (24 vs 25%, p<0.001), chronic kidney disease (11.2 vs 12.2%, p<0.001), and obesity (12.2 vs 12.9%, p<0.001). They were more likely to have a history of stroke (2.0 vs 1.7%, p<0.001), hypertension (68.7 vs 62.5%, p<0.001), and depression (9.6 vs 5.4%, p<0.001). Females were more likely to be admitted from the emergency room (72.9 vs 66.6%, p<0.001), were hospitalized longer (mean days 3.6 vs 3.3, p<0.001), and were more likely to be discharged to a skilled nursing facility (10.1 vs 4.5%, p<0.001). Women were less likely to have an electrical cardioversion (12.4 vs 18.4%, p<0.001) or AF ablation performed (5 vs 10%, p<0.001) and had a higher mortality than men (0.95 vs 0.75%, p<0.001). Conclusion: Women are hospitalized with AF later in life than men, with the greatest burden in female octogenarians. There is a high prevalence of depression among this cohort. While they have fewer comorbidities, women appear to be more symptomatic from AF and more debilitated upon discharge. Despite this, women are less likely than men to have procedures commonly used to treat AF and are more likely to die during hospitalization.

scholarly journals Improving Data Quality with Sociodemographic Matching?: About the Effects and Implications of Age and Gender Matching in Face-to-Face Interviews

2021 ◽  
pp. 193672442199825
Author(s):  
Felix Bittmann
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Item Nonresponse ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Gender Matching

According to the theory of liking, data quality might be improved in face-to-face survey settings when there is a high degree of similarity between respondents and interviewers, for example, with regard to gender or age. Using two rounds of European Social Survey data from 25 countries including more than 70,000 respondents, this concept is tested for the dependent variables amount of item nonresponse, reluctance to answer, and the probability that a third adult person is interfering with the interview. The match between respondents and interviewers is operationalized using the variables age and gender and their statistical interactions to analyze how this relates to the outcomes. While previous studies can be corroborated, overall effect sizes are small. In general, item nonresponse is lower when a male interviewer is conducting the interview. For reluctance, there are no matching effects at all. Regarding the presence of other adults, only female respondents profit from a gender match, while age is without any effect. The results indicate that future surveys should weigh the costs and benefits of sociodemographic matching as advantages are probably small.

A Guiding Hand

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-151
Author(s):  
Tasneem Mandviwala
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Motivational Orientations ◽  
Home Life ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
To Come ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Low Educated ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

This chapter examines how the intersection of students' race-ethnicity and gender is associated with their motivational orientation toward college. Students' motivational orientations were evident in their reasons for going to college and in their adjustment struggles during the first year. This chapter focuses on how Latinx men's motivational orientations can either align them with or place them at odds with their institutions' dominant cultural orientation. In comparison to Black men, Latinx men were more likely to come from very low-educated and immigrant families. This means that their home life did not include access to a knowledgeable adult who could guide them through the college process, from its very beginning in dealing with applications, school choice, and financial aid, to advice for managing the stress of finals week or support in persistence decisions.

Age- and gender-specific prevalence of depression in latest-life – Systematic review and meta-analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Luppa ◽  
C. Sikorski ◽  
T. Luck ◽  
L. Ehreke ◽  
A. Konnopka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Specific

The Subjective Experience of Aging: Correlates of Divergent Views

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Connidis
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Positive View ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACTA stratified random sample of 400 community-dwelling older persons were asked whether they like or dislike anything about being their age and if they have any worries about growing older. The results of multivariate analysis show significant relationships between the dependent variables and several respondent charaderistics including age, subjective health, expectations of older age, and gender. A negative view of aging appears to be associated with experiencing age-related declines. Overall, despite some diversity, the respondents tend to hold a positive view of old age that is coupled with a realistic appreciation of the shortcomings this stage of life may bring.

scholarly journals Association Between Cervical Abrasion and Age and Its Influence on Gender - A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Nur Liyana Hannah Binti Izham Akmal ◽  
Adimulapu Hima Sandeep ◽  
Revathi Duraisamy
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

Cervical lesions are often characterized by defects seen in the gingival third of a tooth crown which may be in the facial or lingual surface. Pathological loss of tooth structure caused by factors other than dental caries such as cervical abrasion is referred to as non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL). Cervical abrasion is an example of NCCL in which a constant exposure of the tooth to mechanical forces leads to pathological wearing away of the hard tissues. In most of the cases, cervical tooth lesions are revealed to be more common as the age increases. Several studies have reported the difference in the prevalence of cervical abrasion between males and females. Many reports suggest that cervical abrasion is commonly associated with improper tooth brushing habits. To evaluate the prevalence of cervical abrasion between genders and its influence on age. It is a retrospective study conducted using the case records of Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India from June 2019 to March 2020. Data including the patient’s name, patient’s identification number (PID), age, gender and presence of cervical abrasion were retrieved from the patients’ case records. A total of 742 consecutive case records were retrieved and analysed. Cervical abrasion was observed in 371 individuals of this study. High prevalence of cervical abrasions was seen in males (70.9%) compared to females (29.1%). Most of the cases were observed in individuals within the 41-50 years age group (28.8%), and the least was seen within the 11-20 years age group (0.3%). Within the limits of the study, most of the cervical abrasion cases are recorded in individuals within the 41-50 years age group with higher predilection in males. There is a statistically significant association of cervical abrasion with age and gender.

“Little Girls” and “Bitching Up”

Affilia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Margaret Newberry-Koroluk
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Early Career ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Education Practice ◽  
Workplace Experiences ◽  
Bachelor Of Social Work ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Work Education

This article explores the ways in which age and gender intersect to shape the workplace experiences of first-year Canadian social workers. The researcher conducted in-depth interviews with nine early-career (0.6–3.7 years post-bachelor of social work [BSW]), young adult (aged 23.9–32.9) social workers in Alberta, Canada, to understand their experiences in the first year of practice after completing the BSW; this article addresses the themes relating to age and gender. The methodology used in the study was hermeneutic phenomenology. Findings include negative conceptualizations of young social workers, meanings related to age and gender, use of evocative language to communicate positionality and practice values (“little girls” and “bitching up”), and feminized constructions of social work. Implications for social work education, practice, and research are discussed.

Maintenance Requirements Associated With Mandibular Implant Overdentures: Clinical Results After First Year of Service

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Bilhan ◽  
Onur Geckili ◽  
Emre Mumcu ◽  
Caglar Bilmenoglu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
First Year ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Adaptation Condition ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the prosthodontic maintenance requirements during the first year of service of mandibular overdentures supported by interforaminal implants and to assess the influence of attachment type, implant number, and bite force on these requirements. Fifty-nine patients treated with mandibular implant overdentures between the years 2004 and 2009 and appearing in the 12th-month recall were included in this study. The overdentures constituted 4 groups: 2 single interforaminal implants (1 group with locator and 1 group with ball attachments), 3 single interforaminal implants, 3 splinted interforaminal implants (bar), and 4 splinted interforaminal implants (bar). During the examination, prosthetic parameters such as occlusion, tissue adaptation, condition of the retentive mechanism (matrice and patrice), and the condition of the denture-bearing tissues were evaluated and recorded. No statistically significant relation was found between attachment type, bite force values, implant number, and the occurring complications except the need for relining, which was found significantly more in the ball attachments than in other attachment groups (P  =  .03). After 12 months following the overdenture insertion, there seems to be no relation between occurring complications and patient-related factors, such as maximum bite force, age, and gender, as well as factors related to the overdentures such as number and type of attachments.

scholarly journals Genetic predictors of theophylline efficacy and safety in children with bronchial asthma

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-772
Author(s):  
B I Kantemirova ◽  
A K Starodubtsev ◽  
D A Sychev ◽  
V I Griganov
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Polymorphic Marker ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Genetic Predictors ◽  
Substrate Drug ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Urine Cortisol ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Treatment Safety

Aim. To study the prevalence of С734A polymorphic marker of CYP1А2 genotype in population of children of different ethnical groups, and to estimate the phenotypic activity of CYP3A4 izoenzyme by age and gender for further increasing the theophylline treatment safety in children with bronchial asthma. Methods. 250 healthy children aged from 1 to 10 years from different ethnical groups (Russians, Kalmyks, Ingush, Chechens, Tatars). Each ethnical group consisted of 50 children. CYP1А2 izoenzyme genotype (by С734A polymorphic marker) was detected by polymerase chain reaction. CYP3A4 izoenzyme of liver cytochrome P 450 activity was measured by calculating urine 6-β-hydrocortisone level to urine cortisol level ratio. Urine 6-β-hydrocortisone and cortisol levels were measured by high precision Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results. It is the first time when high prevalence of CYP1А2 genotype was reported in children of 5 different nationalities living in Astrakhan region, associated both with slow and rapid CYP1А2 substrate drug metabolism, showing the importance of further individual studies on CYP1А2 genotype polymorphism. Age and gender-related features of CYP3A4 izoenzyme phenotype activity, that should be taken into account while choosing the most effective and safe methylxanthines dosing, were revealed. Conclusion. Before the long-term drug therapy of bronchial asthma using theophylline it is rational to investigate CYP1А2 gene polymorphism and CYP3A4 izoenzyme phenotype activity to increase treatment safety.

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