scholarly journals Association Between Cervical Abrasion and Age and Its Influence on Gender - A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Nur Liyana Hannah Binti Izham Akmal ◽  
Adimulapu Hima Sandeep ◽  
Revathi Duraisamy
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

Cervical lesions are often characterized by defects seen in the gingival third of a tooth crown which may be in the facial or lingual surface. Pathological loss of tooth structure caused by factors other than dental caries such as cervical abrasion is referred to as non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL). Cervical abrasion is an example of NCCL in which a constant exposure of the tooth to mechanical forces leads to pathological wearing away of the hard tissues. In most of the cases, cervical tooth lesions are revealed to be more common as the age increases. Several studies have reported the difference in the prevalence of cervical abrasion between males and females. Many reports suggest that cervical abrasion is commonly associated with improper tooth brushing habits. To evaluate the prevalence of cervical abrasion between genders and its influence on age. It is a retrospective study conducted using the case records of Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India from June 2019 to March 2020. Data including the patient’s name, patient’s identification number (PID), age, gender and presence of cervical abrasion were retrieved from the patients’ case records. A total of 742 consecutive case records were retrieved and analysed. Cervical abrasion was observed in 371 individuals of this study. High prevalence of cervical abrasions was seen in males (70.9%) compared to females (29.1%). Most of the cases were observed in individuals within the 41-50 years age group (28.8%), and the least was seen within the 11-20 years age group (0.3%). Within the limits of the study, most of the cervical abrasion cases are recorded in individuals within the 41-50 years age group with higher predilection in males. There is a statistically significant association of cervical abrasion with age and gender.

scholarly journals The relative validity and repeatability of an FFQ for estimating intake of zinc and its absorption modifiers in young and older Saudi adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 968-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadeil M Alsufiani ◽  
Fatmah Yamani ◽  
Taha A Kumosani ◽  
Dianne Ford ◽  
John C Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the relative validity and repeatability of a sixty-four-item FFQ for estimating dietary intake of Zn and its absorption modifiers in Saudi adults. In addition, we used the FFQ to investigate the effect of age and gender on these intakes.DesignTo assess validity, all participants completed the FFQ (FFQ1) and a 3 d food record. After 1 month, the FFQ was administered for a second time (FFQ2) to assess repeatability.SettingJeddah, Saudi Arabia.SubjectsOne hundred males and females aged 20–30 years and 60–70 years participated.ResultsMean intakes of Zn and protein from FFQ1 were significantly higher than those from the food record while there were no detectable differences between tools for measurement of phytic acid intake. Estimated intakes of Zn, protein and phytate by both approaches were strongly correlated (P<0·001). Bland–Altman analysis showed for protein that the difference in intake as measured by the two methods was similar across the range of intakes while for Zn and phytic acid, the difference increased with increasing mean intake. Zn and protein intakes from FFQ1 and FFQ2 were highly correlated (r>0·68,P<0·001) but were significantly lower at the second measurement (FFQ2). Older adults consumed less Zn and protein compared with young adults. Intakes of all dietary components were lower in females than in males.ConclusionsThe FFQ developed and tested in the current study demonstrated reasonable relative validity and high repeatability and was capable of detecting differences in intakes between age and gender groups.

scholarly journals Uranium concentration variation dependency on gender correlated with age of bladder cancer patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1730-1734
Author(s):  
Aseel S. Mahmood ◽  
Omar Sh. Shafeq ◽  
Mohamed S. Shafiq
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Uranium Concentration ◽  
Bladder Cancer Patient ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Average Period ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender

Human health was and still the most important problem and objective of all most researches. Finding out what causes in the decadence of healthiness of Iraqi population is our tendency in the present work, Uranium causing cancer that is affected by a correlation between age and gender of bladder cancer patients is studied in the present work. Mean of Uranium concentration (Uc) decreased with increasing age for all age group without dependency on gender. While, there is a wide dispersion in Mean Uc excretion between males and females, due to the effect of correlated gender with age, where female Mean Uc is maximum at age 50-69 year (2.355 µg/L), and it's higher than male Mean Uc (2.022 µg/L) in this age stage because of menopause, also average period of illness and the percentage of patients are affected by correlated gender with age. So that factor of gender correlation with age affects in the calculation of background levels and radiation exposure and causing bladder cancer incidence.

scholarly journals Frequency and Distribution of Mandibular Teeth Treated by Single Visit RCT and Multi Visit RCT in an Indian Population- A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 679-685
Author(s):  
Mulumoodi Rama Sowmya ◽  
Raghu Sandhya ◽  
Adimalupu Hima Sandeep
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Single Visit ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Mandibular Teeth ◽  
And Gender

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of mandibular teeth treated by single visit root canal treatment (RCT) and multi-visit RCT in a group of the Indian population. With the approval of the Institutional Review Board of Saveetha Dental college, the data of 3887 patients between June 2019 to March 2020 were retrieved and analysed. Data was collected from 3887 patients and were divided into the criteria of a single visit and multi-visit RCT. The data were tabulated into excel sheets under the headings age, gender, teeth, type of treatment. It was an Institutional based Retrospective study. It was observed that there was a statistically significant association in the age and gender of patients who underwent single visit and multi-visit RCT in mandibular teeth. The probability value P<0.05 was obtained after performing a Chi-square test, showing that multi-visit RCT cases (59.9%)were higher than single visit RCT (40.56%). Within the limitations of the study, it was concluded that the frequency of multi-visit RCT was higher in mandibular teeth compared to single visit RCT. Frequency of multi-visit RCT was higher in mandibular molars followed by second premolars in comparison to single visit RCT. The frequency of multi-visit RCT was higher in both males and females compared to single visit RCT.

scholarly journals Sex differences in social focus across the life cycle in humans

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 160097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunal Bhattacharya ◽  
Asim Ghosh ◽  
Daniel Monsivais ◽  
Robin I. M. Dunbar ◽  
Kimmo Kaski
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Investment Patterns ◽  
Social Effort ◽  
The Way

Age and gender are two important factors that play crucial roles in the way organisms allocate their social effort. In this study, we analyse a large mobile phone dataset to explore the way life history influences human sociality and the way social networks are structured. Our results indicate that these aspects of human behaviour are strongly related to age and gender such that younger individuals have more contacts and, among them, males more than females. However, the rate of decrease in the number of contacts with age differs between males and females, such that there is a reversal in the number of contacts around the late 30s. We suggest that this pattern can be attributed to the difference in reproductive investments that are made by the two sexes. We analyse the inequality in social investment patterns and suggest that the age- and gender-related differences we find reflect the constraints imposed by reproduction in a context where time (a form of social capital) is limited.

scholarly journals Investigation of the femoral inclination and Alsberg angles according to age and gender in adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Seda SERTEL MEYVACI ◽  
Yasin Emre KAYA
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Objectives: The objective of our study was to examine the changes in the inclination and Alsberg angles of the femur in terms of age and gender. Methods: The present study was conducted on X-Ray images of 208 healthy individuals (103 males and 105 females) admitted to Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinics. Both genders were separated into 3 different age groups. Statistical analyses were made to determine the difference between the gender and age groups. Results: The mean inclination angle of the femur was 132.88±7.08º on the right-side and 130.27±7.81º on the left. The mean Alsberg angle of the femur was 42.07±7.04º on the right-side and 41.43±7.03º on the left. The inclination angle was significantly higher in males than females on both sides and was significantly lower in 41–60 age group. The Alsberg angle was also significantly higher in males than females in 21–40 age group. Conclusion: The Alsberg angle is positively related with inclination angle, and subject to change by age. Knowing how IA and AA will be affected by age and gender and knowing the relation between these two angles will help to take a more accurate approach while evaluating and managing the follow up of a patient undergoing total hip arthroplasty, reconstructive surgery or planning physical theraphy.

scholarly journals AGE AND GENDER DIFFERENCES IN MODIFIED FEMORAL NECK-SHAFT ANGLE: AN MRI BASED OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Najamul Huda ◽  
Ankur Agarawal* ◽  
Man Mohan Sharma ◽  
Saurabh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Neck Shaft Angle ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Shaft Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Background: Femoral neck-shaft angle has its importance in describing biomechanics of hip. Measurement methods like plain radiography and CT scans have its limitations. The modied neck-shaft angle (mNSA) drawn on MRI scans is less susceptible to rotational effects and is more reliable for getting normal values. The present study was undertaken to assess the neck shaft angle on MRI and establish differences according to age and gender. Methods: Total 200 adults were recruited and equally distributed under four study cohorts according to age and gender. MRI of hip joint was analysed and mNSA was measured using pre-dened axial lines and landmarks. Results: The mean age of the participants was 49.76±18.184 years (18 to 87 years). The mean mNSA was 147.855o. Males had signicantly higher mean mNSA (149.93±6.61)o than females (145.78±5.71)o. Though the younger age group (<60 years) had higher mNSA values (148.32±6.65) than older (> 60years) age group (147.3900±6.35), the difference was not statistically signicant. Conclusions: We conclude that gender-based variation exists in the population with the higher values of mNSAin males as compared to females in any age group. The age based difference is also present, but it is not signicant. Neck shaft angle calculated on the MRI has the advantage that it is unaffected by rotation of the hip and is radiation free. The orthopaedic surgeons can use the mNSAfor the diagnosis and planning surgeries around hip, for designing implants and prosthesis. It can also be of help for the forensic anthropologists and to the anatomists. Multicentric studies may be undertaken to include a larger population.

GAMBARAN PENCABUTAN GIGI MOLAR SATU MANDIBULA BERDASARKAN UMUR DAN JENIS KELAMIN DI BALAI PENGOBATAN RUMAH SAKIT GIGI DAN MULUT MANADO TAHUN 2012

e-GIGI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devid G. Poha
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Elderly Female ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
And Gender

Abstract: The first molars of mandibulae are the first permanent teeth which erupt around 6-7 years old; therefore, they have the highest risk of dental caries. When the dental caries occurs in a tooth, it can lead to tooth extraction which results in new problems such as changing of teeth position, influence on occlusion, jaw joints, and mastication process. This study aimed to describe the extraction profile of the first mandibular molar based on age and gender at Balai Pengobatan Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Manado in 2012. This was a descriptive retrospective study. Samples were obtained by using total sampling method. In 2012, there were 765 patients with extracted teeth. Of the 1130 permanent teeth extracted, the highest number belonged to the first mandibular molar which was 167 teeth out of 164 patients. Extraction of the first mandibular molars among adults (19-55 years old) was 73%; teenagers (13-18 years old) 21%; children (6-12 years old) 4%; and elderies (>56 years) %. Of the 164 patients, there were 99 females and 65 males. Conclusion: Adults were the most frequent age group with extracted first mandibular molar, followed by teenagers, children, and elderly. Female cases were more frequent than male cases.Keywords: tooth extraction, mandibular first molarAbstrak: Gigi molar satu mandibula merupakan gigi tetap yang pertama erupsi pada umur sekitar 6-7 tahun, sehingga menjadi gigi yang paling berisiko terkena karies. Bila gigi tersebut terkena karies, dapat berakibat pencabutan, yang menimbulkan resiko baru seperti perubahan posisi gigi, memengaruhi oklusi, sendi rahang, dan proses mastikasi yang berdampak pada penyerapan nutrisi makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pencabutan gigi molar satu mandibula di Balai Pengobatan Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Manado berdasarkan umur dan jenis kelamin tahun 2012. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian retrospektif. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahun 2012 dari 765 pasien yang melakukan pencabutan gigi, sebanyak 1130 gigi dewasa yang dicabut dan gigi molar satu mandibula yang tersering (167 gigi pada 164 pasien). Kasus pencabutan gigi molar satu mandibula pada kelompok usia dewasa dengan rentang umur 19-55 tahun sebesar 73%; pasien remaja (13-18 tahun) 21%; pasien anak-anak (6-12 tahun) 4%; dan pasien lansia dengan rentang umur mulai dari 56 tahun ke atas 2%. Dari 164 pasien yang dilakukan pencabutan gigi molar satu mandibula, jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 99 pasien sedangkan laki-laki 65 pasien. Simpulan: Pasien dewasa merupakan kategori umur yang tersering dilakukan pencabutan gigi molar satu mandibula, diikuti oleh pasien remaja, anak, dan lansia. Kasus pencabutan gigi molar satu mandibula berdasarkan jenis kelamin lebih sering terjadi pada perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki.Kata kunci: pencabutan gigi, molar satu mandibula

scholarly journals Morphometric Study of Pituitary Gland with Correlation of Age and Gender using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1476-1480
Author(s):  
Sunima Maskey ◽  
Dil Islam Mansur ◽  
Subindra Karki ◽  
Pragya Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: The pituitary gland is the master gland of the body. It’s size varies with age and gender. MRI is the safest and effective diagnostic tool for pituitary gland examination. Objectives: This study was aim to determine the anteroposterior, height and transverse dimensions of normal  pituitary gland in different age groups of both sex with MRI. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. It consisted of 567 images of individuals (242 males and 325 females) of various age from 20 to 70 years from the Department of Radio- diagnosis, Dhulikhel Hospital. Results: The mean anteroposterior, height and transverse dimension of pituitary gland is 9.74±1.18 mm, 5.95±1.11 mm and 11.65±2.15 mm respectively in which females have higher value. Independent sample t test showed highly significant differences (p< 0.05) between the mean anteroposterior dimension in males and females. The present study showed the mean value of anteroposterior dimension is maximum at age group 50-59.  The mean value of height, transverse dimension and volume of males and females is maximum at 20-29 age group and minimum at 70-79 age group. One way ANOVA shows that there is significant difference between in height, transverse dimension and volume at different age group (p< 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that the height and volume of pituitary gland is maximum at second decade of life then it gradually decreases with age. The mean value of anteroposterior, height and transverse dimension showed greater value of females than males.

Experimental Investigation into Driver Behavior along Curved and Parallel Diverging Terminals of Exit Interchange Ramps

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199742
Author(s):  
Alberto Portera ◽  
Marco Bassani
Keyword(s):  
Design Stage ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Current Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Safety Countermeasures ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Curve Radius

Current design manuals provide guidance on how to design exit ramps to facilitate driving operations and minimize the incidence of crashes. They also suggest that interchanges should be built along straight roadway sections. These criteria may prove ineffective in situations where there is no alternative to terminals being located along curved motorway segments. The paper investigates driving behavior along parallel deceleration curved terminals, with attention paid to the difference in impact between terminals having a curvature which is the same sign as the motorway segment (i.e., continue design), and those having an opposite curvature (i.e., reverse design). A driving simulation study was set up to collect longitudinal and transversal driver behavioral data in response to experimental factor variations. Forty-eight drivers were stratified on the basis of age and gender, and asked to drive along three randomly assigned circuits with off-ramps obtained by combining experimental factors such as motorway mainline curve radius (2 values), terminal length (3), curve direction (2), and traffic conditions (2). The motorway radius was found to be significant for drivers’ preferred speed when approaching the terminal. Terminal length and traffic volume do not have a significant impact on either longitudinal or transversal driver outputs. However, the effect of curve direction was found to be significant, notably for reverse terminals which do not compel drivers to select appropriate speeds and lane change positions. This terminal type can give rise to critical driving situations that should be considered at the design stage to facilitate the adoption of appropriate safety countermeasures.

scholarly journals The bowel and beyond: extracolonic findings from CT colonography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Lambe ◽  
Peter Hughes ◽  
Louise Rice ◽  
Caoimhe McDonnell ◽  
Mark Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Colonography ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Extracolonic Findings ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
And Gender

AbstractCT colonography has emerged as the investigation of choice for suspected colorectal cancer in patients when a colonoscopy in incomplete, is deemed high risk or is declined because of patient preference. Unlike a traditional colonoscopy, it frequently reveals extracolonic as well as colonic findings. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics and potential significance of extracolonic findings on CT colonography within our own institution. A retrospective review was performed of 502 patients who underwent CT colonography in our institution between January 1, 2010 and January 4, 2015. Of 502 patients, 60.63% had at least one extracolonic finding. This was close to other similar-sized studies (Kumar et al. Radiology 236(2):519–526, 2005). However, our rate of E4 findings was significantly higher than that reported in larger studies at 5.3%(Pooler et al. AJR 206:313–318, 2016). The difference may be explained by our combination of symptomatic/screening patients or by the age and gender distribution of our population. Our study lends support to the hypothesis that CT colonography may be particularly useful in identifying clinically significant extracolonic findings in symptomatic patients. CT colonography may allow early identification of extracolonic malignancies and life-threatening conditions such as an abdominal aortic aneurysm at a preclinical stage when they are amenable to medical or surgical intervention. However, extracolonic findings may also result in unnecessary investigations for subsequently benign findings.

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