Developing accomplished writers: Lessons from recent research

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Steve Benjamin ◽  
Michael Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Writing Instruction ◽  
The State ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Letter Grade ◽  
Good Writing

When we examine the state of writing instruction in many schools and classrooms, we find that few teachers are actually teaching students to become better writers in large part because they are relying on process models that do not accurately reflect the complex task of creating good writing and that are out of step with current research. Merely providing prompts for writing, noting a few comments in the margins of first drafts, awarding a letter grade for the second draft, and then moving on to the next piece of writing does not create an environment wherein students will develop as confident and effective writers. Steven Benjamin and Michael Wagner explain that students will develop as better writers when teachers allocate sufficient time to the endeavor, emphasize the importance of multiple feedback-thinking-revision cycles applied to the current piece of writing, set high expectations for students, and provide opportunities for writing in multiple genres and disciplines.

The Enfranchisement of Leaseholds, and the Taxation of Ground Rents, Chief Rents and Kindred Charges on Land in England and Wales

1893 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-487
Author(s):  
Arthur Wyndham Tarn
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
General System ◽  
The State ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Similar Nature ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
At Will

The custom of letting land for agricultural or building purposes i s a very ancient one, the earliest records of such a custom being those which have been preserved in the Institutes of Justinian. From these records we discover that under the Roman Empire there were in use four distinct forms of leasehold tenure. The most important tenure was that known as Emphyteusis—a Greek word meaning planting—which was introduced in the 2nd century, and arose out of the practice of making perpetual leases of provincial lands belonging to the State and acquired by the rights of war. This tenure was afterwards adopted by private proprietors, who, through inability to devote sufficient time or trouble to the cultivation of their property, preferred to let it to a suitable tenant called the Emphyteuta, who agreed to pay an annual rent for the use of the land. Of a similar nature to Emphyteusis was the tenure called Superficies, by which a landed proprietor conceded to another person an area of ground for the erection of buildings without parting with the ownership of the soil. A third class was that known as Precarium, which, being equivalent to a tenancy at will, could be determined by the grantor at his pleasure. Lastly, there was a general system of short leaseholds, the usual term being five years, at the end of which the lease might either be renewed or be considered as one from year to year. In all leases the tenant was bound to pay the burdens attached to the holding of the land and to deliver the receipts to the owner (1).

scholarly journals TEFL Teachers’ Conceptions of Writing: A Case of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Yunjun Kong
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Writing Instruction ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Teaching Writing ◽  
School Level ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Good Writing

In teaching writing in English as a foreign language (EFL) context, a little information is known about teachers’ knowledge base of writing. The current study, therefore, used the case of Chinese context to explore how TEFL (teaching English as a foreign language) teachers understand writing and what impacts their conceptions. A questionnaire containing the natures, functions, and development of writing, and text features of good writing were developed to collect data online; items had 5-point Likert scales. 490 (female 76.3%) participants were engaged in the sample. Respondents generally identify linguistic, cultural and cognitive natures of writing, but many question its social nature, and a few are in trouble with recognizing the multifaceted concepts of writing. Participants highlight writing functions related to the self and self-expression but fail to note those targeting the addressees. The majority accede to the facilitation of other language skills and writing instruction to the development of writing, but lay the greatest stress on the transfer effects of reading. When evaluating texts, they do not seem to focus on linguistic features more relevant to foreign language learning (e.g. vocabulary, grammar). Demographic components (gender, teaching experience, school level, class size, and frequency of writing instruction) do not influence their conceptions systematically. These findings may be of interest for in-service teacher trainers.

Improving the quality of Business Process Models: Lesson learned from the State of the Art

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1357-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadwa Yahya ◽  
Khouloud Boukadi ◽  
Hanêne Ben-Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Business Process ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Model Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Improvement Process ◽  
Bp Model

Purpose The quality of a Business Process (BP) model is vital for the successful accomplishment of all its lifecycle phases. Indeed, a high-quality BP model makes its implementation, execution and evaluation easier. In the literature, the improvement of BP model quality has been dealt with using several techniques. For instance, modeling guidelines, refactoring techniques, and transformation rules are the most used ones. The purpose of this paper is to exploit existing initiatives in this field to help designers improve their BP models. Design/methodology/approach This paper draws up a systematic inventory of the existing approaches to improve the quality of BP models. Moreover, it provides a comparative evaluation with the aim of identifying the particularities of each approach as well as the common gaps in the state of the art. Finally, it proposes a guiding framework, called BP-Quality, that supports designers in improving the quality of their BP models. Findings The usability of BP-Quality is illustrated through a case study and a set of experiments. The preliminary experimental evaluation of this guiding framework shows encouraging results. Originality/value The proposed guiding framework has the merit of exploiting existing initiatives in the field of BP quality improvement. In addition, it customizes and optimizes the quality improvement process according to the particularities of each BP model.

scholarly journals Changing How Writing Is Taught

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Graham
Keyword(s):  
Writing Instruction ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Instructional Time ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
The Public ◽  
Writing Practices ◽  
Complex Skill ◽  
The World ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Good Writing

If students are to be successful in school, at work, and in their personal lives, they must learn to write. This requires that they receive adequate practice and instruction in writing, as this complex skill does not develop naturally. A basic goal of schooling then is to teach students to use this versatile tool effectively and flexibly. Many schools across the world do not achieve this objective, as an inordinate number of students do not acquire the writing skills needed for success in society today. One reason why this is the case is that many students do not receive the writing instruction they need or deserve. This chapter identifies factors that inhibit good writing instruction, including instructional time; teachers’ preparation and beliefs about writing; national, state, district, and school policies; and historical, social, cultural, and political influences. It then examines how we can address these factors and change classroom writing practices for the better across the world by increasing pertinent stakeholders’ knowledge about writing, with the goal of developing and actualizing visions for writing instruction at the policy, school, and classroom levels. This includes specific recommendations for helping politicians, school administrators, teachers, and the public acquire the needed know-how to make this a reality.

State-of-the-Art Components, Tools, and Methods for Process Mining and Semantic Modelling

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-110
Keyword(s):  
Process Mining ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Semantic Modelling ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Modelling Methods ◽  
Tools And Methods

This chapter describes the state-of-the-art technologies, tools, and methods that are closely connected to the work done in this book. The chapter describes in detail the key components of the process mining and semantic modelling methods and the different technologies that enable the practical application of the techniques. In essence, the chapter explains the main tools and mechanisms that are applied in this book, ranging from the events log to the different tools that are applied for process mining, and the existing algorithms used to discover the process models and to support the interpretations and/or further analysis of the models at semantic levels.

Sensor Synthesis for Control of Manufacturing Processes

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chryssolouris ◽  
M. Domroese ◽  
P. Beaulieu
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Process Models ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
State Variable ◽  
Sensor Signals ◽  
Multiple Sensor ◽  
Sensor Information ◽  
Basic Approaches

When a human controls a manufacturing process he or she uses multiple senses to monitor the process. Similarly, one can consider a control approach where measurements of process variables are performed by several sensing devices which in turn feed their signals into process models. Each of these models contains mathematical expressions based on the physics of the process which relate the sensor signals to process state variables. The information provided by the process models should be synthesized in order to determine the best estimates for the state variables. In this paper two basic approaches to the synthesis of multiple sensor information are considered and compared. The first approach is to synthesize the state variable estimates determined by the different sensors and corresponding process models through a mechanism based on training such as a neural network. The second approach utilizes statistical criteria to estimate the best synthesized state variable estimate from the state variable estimates provided by the process models. As a “test bed” for studying the effectiveness of the above sensor synthesis approaches turning has been considered. The approaches are evaluated and compared for providing estimates of the state variable tool wear based on multiple sensor information. The robustness of each scheme with respect to noisy and inaccurate sensor information is investigated.

A CAFÉ CHOICE PROBLEM AS AN EXTENDED ARTHUR'S EL FAROL PROBLEM

2003 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 393-404
Author(s):  
SHOICHIRO NAKAYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
The State ◽  
Theoretical Solution ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
Choice Problem ◽  
Agent Based Simulation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Simulation Results

In this study, a café choice problem, which is an extension of Arthur's El Farol problem, is formulated, and is examined by an agent-based simulation. In the café choice problem, N agents predict a café's "congestion," and determine which café to visit. The N agents prefer less congested cafés because they are more relaxing. The agent is assumed to know the state of congestion of only the café he visits, and he learns to predict the café's congestion. The simulation results can be summarized as follows: (i) the agent is not necessarily acquiring the correct cognition for the café's congestion, even though sufficient time goes by; (ii) the agents are bifurcated into two groups which consist of agents with cognitions that the congestion of the café they do not visit is significantly more congested than the actual congestion; and (iii) the system does not necessarily converge to a Nash equilibrium, which is a theoretical solution, when the system's structure changes.

scholarly journals "Golden Dawn" of the Kyiv Metropolis and the leading tendencies of confessionalization of the Ukrainian church-religious environment in the first half of the XVII century

2013 ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Mykola Shkriblyak
Keyword(s):  
Local Church ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Xvii Century ◽  
The Church ◽  
Political Figure

Actualization of the study of the phenomenon of the "golden age" of the Kyiv Metropolis is due to many factors, the key place of which is the idea of ​​national-religious self-identification of Ukrainians at the present stage of state-building and development of the Ukrainian nation. This complex task is inextricably linked with the idea of ​​sovereignty and unity of the state, which is one of the important prerequisites for the proclamation of the autocephalous structure and territoriality of the church, and therefore requires not only theoretical substantiation but also the search for historical and title models of its realization, one of which is the idea Ukrainian Patriarchate as a Local Church. This idea, left to us by inheritance as a great devotee of faith and piety, is a church-religious and political figure, a scientist and theologian, the first-priest of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, Peter Mogila, and still remains unrealized to this day.

scholarly journals State of the Art on Microservices Autoscaling: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Paulo K. S. Nunes ◽  
Thiago Bianchi ◽  
Anderson Y. Iwasaki ◽  
Elisa Yumi Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
On Demand

The adoption of microservices architecture has taken on great pro-portions due to its benefits and popularization of containers driven tools, such as Kubernetes and Docker. Besides, the development of microservice-based applications is a complex task, specially because they can be composed of multiple heterogeneous parts. In particular, one of the main challenges is how to conduct the microservices autoscaling (i.e., adding or removing resources on demand), while still avoiding resource waste, such as CPU and memory. This paper presents the state of the art of approaches to solve the problem of micro services autoscaling, the main characteristics to be considered as well as the important future directions that need to be still investigated.

scholarly journals Subjective assessment of living conditions of population in regions CR

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
Libuše Svatošová
Keyword(s):  
Partial Information ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Subjective Opinion ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The conditions of life and the levels of living of the population present one of the most important indicators of the overall economic development of a given geographic area. Recording and assessment of trends in this domain offers an important information as the strategical management and decision making about regional development are concerned.. Assessment of the state of levels of living then presents a comparatively complex task, because containing a very broad system of indicators, containing a very broad system of indicators of both the quantitative and qualitative nature. The official statistics are aimed at quantifying and univariate analysis of some selected components of the levels of living, particularly from the areas of population incomes and consumption. Such an analysis offers a very important information on the levels of living but it is a partial information only purely. Besides those indicators the values of which can be quantified, also some other factors have to be included into the levels of living. The subjective opinion of the population concerning their levels of living and the state of the conditions of life are to be assessed here, and moreover also the factors explaining and complementing the quantitative indicators mentioned. The paper deals with analysi of subjective assessment of living conditions of population in regions CR.

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