scholarly journals Knowing the Wrong Cadre? Networks and Promotions in the Chinese Party-State

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036-1053
Author(s):  
Jérôme Doyon ◽  
Franziska Barbara Keller
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
The One ◽  
Promotion Process ◽  
Party State

When do personal ties matter? Studies of political elite’s rise to power stress the importance of personal ties, but do not consider the possibility of differential effects depending on who one is connected to in elite struggles. We examine how ties formed among Chinese party-state officials influence their career. Our research design provides a strong proxy to account for personal ties: attendance of an exclusive and intensive training program for officials. We take advantage of the exogenous assignment to cohorts in this program to establish a causal link between informal connections and promotions. We find that the effect of personal ties depends on whether the official is connected to the leader who dominates the promotion process or to the one who only influences it through information control. Connections to the latter decrease the promotion probability, likely because these officials are closely monitored by their superiors and more powerful rivals.

Internalizing Behavior During the Transition from Childhood to Adolescence

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Vierhaus ◽  
Arnold Lohaus ◽  
Indra Shah
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Fourth Graders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The One

This investigation focuses on the question whether assessments of the development of internalizing behavior from childhood to adolescence are affected by the kind of research design (longitudinal versus cross-sectional). Two longitudinal samples of 432 second-graders and 366 fourth graders participated in a longitudinal study with subsequent measurements taken 1, 2, and 3 years later. A third sample consisting of 849 children covering the same range of grades participated in a cross-sectional study. The results show that the development of internalizing symptoms in girls – but not in boys – varies systematically with the research design. In girls, there is a decrease of internalizing symptoms (especially between the first two timepoints) in the longitudinal assessment, which may reflect, for example, the influence of strain during the first testing situation. Both longitudinal trajectories converge to a common trajectory from grade 2 to grade 7 when controlling for this “novelty-distress effect.” Moreover, when we control this effect, the slight but significant decrease characterizing the common trajectory becomes similar to the one obtained in the cross-sectional study. Therefore, trajectories based on longitudinal assessments may suggest more changes with regard to internalizing symptoms over time than actually take place, while trajectories based on cross-sectional data may be characterized by an increased level of internalizing symptoms. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.

PENGARUH SENAM KAKI TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Sukesi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Penyakit Diabetes Melitus dapat menyebabkan komplikasi yang sangat berat. Komplikasi dari Diabetes Melitus ini meliputi jantung iskemik, serebrovaskuler, gagal ginjal, ulkus pada kaki, gangguan penglihatan. Komplikasi yang paling sering terjadi adanya perubahan patologis pada anggota gerak bawah yang disebut kaki diabetik. Salah satu jenis olahraga yang dianjurkan dengan diabetes mellitus adalah senam kaki. Senam kaki merupakan latihan yang dilakukan bagi penderita DM atau bukan penderita untuk mencegah terjadinya luka dan membantu melancarkan peredaran darah bagian kaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh senam kaki terhadap kadar gula darah pasien diabetes mellitus. Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah Quasy Eksperiment dengan rancangan Pre and Post Test Without Control. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Consecutive sampling. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan instrument observasi senam kaki untuk menilai senam kaki, dan alat menilai kadar gula darah yaitu glucometer, kapas dan jarum. Rata-rata kadar gula darah sebelum dan setelah dilakukan senam kaki mengalami penurunan dan ada pengaruh kadar gula darah sebelum dengan sesudah dilakukan senam kaki pada pasien diabetes melitusKata Kunci: Senam Kaki, Kadar Gula Darah THE EFFECT OF GYMNASTIC FEET TOWARD THE BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL FOR THE DIABETICSDiabetes Mellitus causes the complication case. It concludes the heart iskemik, serebrovaskuler, cronic kidney disease, ulcus on the feet, and the impairment of sight. The complication often causes the changing of pathological in certain place such as feet. The one of recommended sport for diabetics is gymnastic feet. Gymnastic feet is an experience for diabetics or not in order to prevent the wound and launch the blood circulation. The research objective is to analyze the effect of gymnastic feet to blood sugar level for diabetics. The research design is using experiment quasy with pre and post test without control. It is using consecutive sampling as the sample of collecting technique, and using observation of gymnastic feet as the collecting data technique to assess the blood sugar level, those are glucometer, cotton, and needle. The average of blood sugar level is decrease after doing the gymnastic feet. Moreover, there is differences between after and before doing the gymnastic feet for diabetics.Key Words : Gymnastic Feet, Blood sugar level

Reconciling Confucianism and Nationalism

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The Core ◽  
The One ◽  
Party State

Confucianism has made a comeback in mainland China over the last two decades or so. Politically minded Confucian revivalists see Confucianism as the core of national identity that differs from ‘‘foreign’’ traditions such as liberalism and they argue for replacing Marxism with Confucianism as the core ideology of the one-party state. But is the ancient tradition of Confucianism compatible with the modern tradition of nationalism? And is it possible to defend a morally appealing form of ‘‘Confucian nationalism’’? This essay argues that both questions can be answered affirmatively.

scholarly journals Problematyka konfliktu interesów w funkcjonowaniu rynku kapitałowego

Ekonomia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-91
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Parkitna ◽  
Arkadiusz Górski
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Market Practices ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The One ◽  
The Capital Market

Problems of conflicts of interest in the functioning of the capital marketThe study refers to the occurrence of conflicts of interest on the capital market, which negatively affects the functioning of the capital market, limits its development potential, and may even affect the outflow of investors, particularly those providing liquidity in the market. Today, the social responsibility of business entities becomes something important. It is a specific determinant of the company’s image and the basis of its operation. Word = Institution “brokerage house” should be associated with competence, honesty, or righteousness resulting from observance of the law and ethics principles of conducted business. The existence of a set of regulations the Code of Good Practice for Brokerage Houses, the Act on Counteracting Unfair Market Practices relating to the functioning of brokerage houses, there are situations in business practice that are not used to develop a capital market, based on a conflict of interest. Brokerage firms are obliged, on the one hand, to: sell shares and, on the other hand, recommend buying them. “Manipulation on the market” would mean entering into transactions that give false, misleading signals about supply, demand, and prices of equity instruments. To avoid conflicts of interest, there are special procedures in brokerage offices that prevent co-operation between competing departments: chinese walls.Each office additionally has rules governing the flow and control of confidential information. Such information may not be available, for example, between primary and secondary market forces, between sales departments and analysis departments.The indicated issues were brought together, focusing on the possible consequences of conflicts of interest. It emphasizes the difficulty of bringing justice through the necessity of showing the causal link between the conflict of interest and the possible loss of the investor. Then solutions were identified to protect against the negative aspects of the conflict of interest, and the proposals were presented in their conclusions.

scholarly journals A Research Design to Build Effective Partnerships between City Planners, Developers, Government and Urban Neighbourhood Communities

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Foth ◽  
Barbara Adkins
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Research Design ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Community Identity ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Government Education ◽  
Communities Of Place ◽  
The One ◽  
City Planners

Communities of place feature prominently in new urbanism movements and in master-planned inner-city developments that result from urban renewal. This paper’s point of departure is the stark contrast between the widespread use of mobile and ubiquitous media and communications technology by urban dwellers on the one hand and endemic forms of urban alienation and the disappearance or non-existence of urban neighbourhood community identity on the other. Networked individualism introduces challenges to conventional understandings of ‘place’ and ‘public places’. It opens up opportunities to build partnerships between architecture, city planning and urban studies in order to re-conceptualise the understanding of community and neighbourhood planning in the light of new media and network ICTs. However, such a re-conceptualisation has not been achieved yet because of a lack of theoretical and practical understandings of the freedom and constraints and the social and cultural meanings that urban dwellers derive from their use of place-based ICT systems. The paper argues that in order to gain a better understanding of the continued purpose and relevance of urban neighbourhood communities in metropolitan areas and their changing role within a network society, the scope and structure of the communicative ecologies and social networks created and maintained by residents in urban residential real estate needs to be investigated empirically to inform city design and planning. The paper discusses a cross-disciplinary research design to build effective partnerships between city planners, developers, government, education and urban neighbourhood communities.

scholarly journals African School of Pediatric Oncology Initiative: Implementation of a Pediatric Oncology Diploma Program to Address Critical Workforce Shortages in French-Speaking Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Hessissen ◽  
Catherine Patte ◽  
Helene Martelli ◽  
Carole Coze ◽  
Scott C. Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Subspecialty Training ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Learning Platform ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
E Learning

PURPOSE In 2012, the French African Pediatric Oncology Group established the African School of Pediatric Oncology (EAOP), a training program supported by the Sanofi Espoir Foundation’s My Child Matters program. As part of the EAOP, the pediatric oncology training diploma is a 1-year intensive training program. We present this training and certification program as a model for subspecialty training for low- and middle-income countries. METHODS A 14-member committee of multidisciplinary experts finalized a curriculum patterned on the French model Diplôme Inter-Universitaire d’Oncologie Pédiatrique. The program trained per year 15 to 25 physician participants committed to returning to their home country to work at their parent institutions. Training included didactic lectures, both in person and online; an onsite practicum; and a research project. Evaluation included participant evaluation and feedback on the effectiveness and quality of training. RESULTS The first cohort began in October 2014, and by January 2019, 72 participants from three cohorts had been trained. Of the first 72 trainees from 19 French-speaking African countries, 55 (76%) graduated and returned to their countries of origin. Four new pediatric oncology units have been established in Niger, Benin, Central African Republic, and Gabon by the graduates. Sixty-six participants registered on the e-learning platform and continue their education through the EAOP Web site. CONCLUSION This training model rapidly increased the pool of qualified pediatric oncology professionals in French-speaking countries of Africa. It is feasible and scalable but requires sustained funding and ongoing mentoring of graduates to maximize its impact.

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