A superhydrophobic and flame-retardant cotton fabric fabricated by an eco-friendly assembling method

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110226
Author(s):  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Junli Chen ◽  
Longxin Gu ◽  
Luc T Nguyen ◽  
Jiqiang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Sliding Angle ◽  
Low Surface Energy ◽  
Coated Fabric ◽  
Halogen Free ◽  
Textile Fabric ◽  
Limited Oxygen

A novel eco-friendly and durable superhydrophobic and flame-retardant cotton fabric with fluorine-free, halogen-free was prepared via step-by-step dip-coating and spraying technology. At first, common cotton fabric was impregnated in the flame-retardant ethoxysilane-terminated phosphate polyurethane. Afterwards, methanol mixture containing silica nanoparticles, methyl triethoxysilane, and dihydroxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane was sprayed on the surface of the cotton fabric. Finally, a flame-retardant cotton fabric with micro-nano rough surface and low surface energy was formed. The resulting superhydrophobic and flame-retardant cotton fabric exhibited superamphiphobicity with the contact angle and sliding angle of 160° and 6°, respectively, while flame retardancy with limited oxygen index of 28.1%. and flame self-extinguishing. Furthermore, this superhydrophobic and flame-retardant cotton fabric showed robust superhydrophobicity and flame-retardancy after undergoing 1000 cycles of abrasion, 60 min of ultrasonic washing and 50 standard machine washing cycles, in sequence, indicating its potential as a multifunctional protective textile fabric. Additionally, the method proposed in this study can effectively solve durability and environmental problems currently faced by the coated fabric with superhydrophobicity and flame-retardancy.

Flame retardancy and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam conjugated with a phosphorus–nitrogen halogen-free intumescent flame retardant

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-252
Author(s):  
Zhaojun Lin ◽  
Qianqiong Zhao ◽  
Ruilan Fan ◽  
Xiaoxue Yuan ◽  
Fuli Tian
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Limited Oxygen Index ◽  
Halogen Free ◽  
Limited Oxygen

In this work, a halogen-free intumescent combining phosphorus and nitrogen, flame-retardant 2-((2-hydroxyphenyl)(phenylamino)methyl5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinane 2-oxide (HAPO) was successfully synthesized. It had been synthesized by reaction of 5,5-dimethyl-1,3, 2-dioxphosphinane 2-oxide with Schiff base. Its chemical structure was characterized in detail by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and 31P NMR spectrum. The flame-retardant polyurethanes were prepared with different loadings of HAPO. The thermal properties, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of the pure polyurethane foam thermosets were investigated by a series of measurements involving thermogravimetric analysis, limited oxygen index measurement, UL-94 vertical burning test, and cone calorimeter test. The results of the aforementioned tests indicated that HAPO can significantly improve the flame retardancy as well as smoke inhibition performance of polyurethane foam. Compared with the PU-Neat, the limited oxygen index of flame-retardant polyurethanes (15%) thermoset was increased from 19.5% to 23.8% and its UL-94 reached V-0 rating. In addition, the cone test results showed that the heat release rate, total heat release, rate of smoke release, and total smoke production of flame-retardant polyurethanes (10%) were decreased obvious sly. The apparent morphology of carbon residue was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, and results revealed that the modified polyurethane foam can form dense carbon layer after combustion. Thermogravimetric analysis results also indicated that the char amount of flame-retardant polyurethanes was obviously increased compared with PU-Neat. Based on the above analysis, we can draw the conclusions which in the condensed phase, phosphorus-based acids from the degradation of HAPO, this could promote the formation of continuous and dense phosphorus-rich carbon layer. In the gas phase, the flame-retardant mechanism was ascribed to the quenching effect of phosphorus-based radicals and diluting effect by non-flammable gases.

scholarly journals Superamphiphobic and Flame-Resistant Cotton Fabrics for Protective Clothing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Qingqing Shao ◽  
Jiqiang Cao ◽  
Zhaoqun Du ◽  
Weidong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Potential Applications

Abstract Superamphiphobic and flame-retardant finishing of cotton fabric can significantly improve its protective properties to expand its applications, such as protective clothing. However, creating such materials is still a challenging issue. Herein, we present a facile strategy to fabricate superamphiphobic and flame-retardant cotton fabric (SFC) via step-by-step dip-coating and spraying technology. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) endows cotton fabric excellent flame retardancy. The robust coating formed by the polymerization product of ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate (ECA) and 1 H ,1 H ,2 H ,2 H - perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane (FOCS) can not only protect APP from being damaged, but also trap air to form "air plastron", which makes SFC have excellent antifouling, chemical repellence and self-cleaning. The resulting SFC exhibited superamphiphobicity and flame retardancy with water contact angle of 161°, oil contact angle of 158° and LOI of 30%. After UV irradiation, mechanical damage, 180° oven heating and ultrasonic washing, it still maintains excellent hydrophobicity without loss of flame retardancy. This study expands the potential applications of cotton and provides feasible technologies for improving the overall efficiency of cotton.

scholarly journals Polycarbonate/Sulfonamide Composites with Ultralow Contents of Halogen-Free Flame Retardant and Desirable Compatibility

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3656
Author(s):  
Hangfeng Yang ◽  
Hangbo Yue ◽  
Xi Zhao ◽  
Minzimo Song ◽  
Jianwei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Smoke Emission ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Ul 94 ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Halogen Free ◽  
Sem Morphology ◽  
Limited Oxygen

A novel halogen-free flame retardant containing sulfonamide, 1,3,5,7-tetrakis (phenyl-4-sulfonamide) adamantane (FRSN) was synthesized and used for improving the flame retardancy of largely used polycarbonate (PC). The flame-retardant properties of the composites with incorporation of varied amounts of FRSN were analyzed by techniques including limited oxygen index, UL 94 vertical burning, and cone calorimeter tests. The new FR system with sulfur and nitrogen elements showed effective improvements in PC’s flame retardancy: the LOI value of the modified PC increased significantly, smoke emission suppressed, and UL 94 V-0 achieved. Typically, the composite with only 0.08 wt% of FRSN added (an ultralow content) can increase the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value to 33.7% and classified as UL 94 V-0 rating. Furthermore, the mechanical properties and SEM morphology indicated that the FRSN has very good compatibility with PC matrix, which, in turn, is beneficial to the property enhancement. Finally, the analysis of sample residues after burning tests showed that a high portion of char was formed, contributing to the PC burning protection. This synthesized flame retardant provides a new way of improving PC’s flame retardancy and its mechanical property.

scholarly journals Effects of collagen fiber addition on the combustion and thermal stability of natural rubber

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixing Xu ◽  
Xintao Wu ◽  
Qilin Wen ◽  
Shuangyang Li ◽  
Yongjiao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Air Pockets ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Limited Oxygen ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Abstract Collagen fiber (CF) and silane coupling agent-modified collagen fiber (MCF) were used as flame retardant filler for natural rubber (NR) modification. The combustion phenomena and properties of composites blended with different dosages of CF or MCF were compared to elucidate the flame retardant mechanism of the composites. The flame retardancy of NR can be enhanced effectively by increasing nitrogen content (the nitrogen content of CF is about 18%), creating air pockets, and structuring the flame retardant network in the composites. MCF failed to structure a flame retardant network in the composite, indicating that its modification effects of MCF are weaker than those of CF. When CF dosage was 30 wt%, the composite can achieve the best flame retardancy, with limited oxygen index of 29.4% and without smoke and dripping during burning. This study demonstrated a new method for the flame retardant modification of NR. Graphical abstract

Flammability and thermal properties of cotton fabrics modified with a novel flame retardant containing triazine and phosphorus components

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1367-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohong Dong ◽  
Zhou Lu ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Ping Zhu ◽  
Xuechao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Untreated Cotton ◽  
Index Value

A novel formaldehyde-free flame retardant containing phosphorus and dichlorotriazine components (CTAP) for cotton fabrics was synthesized. As an active group, the dichlorotriazine could react with cotton fabric via covalent reaction. The addition of 20.7 wt% CTAP into the cotton fabric obtained a high limiting oxygen index value of 31.5%, which was 13.5% higher than the pure cotton fabric. The results of heat release rate, total heat release and effective heat combustion indicated that CTAP effectively imparted flame retardancy to cotton fabric by the cone calorimetry test. With respect to the untreated cotton fabrics, the treated cotton fabrics degraded at lower decomposition temperature and form a consistent and compact char layer, which could be observed by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Compared to the untreated cotton fabrics, CTAP performed an effective role in flame retardancy for treated cotton fabrics. Meanwhile, it stimulated the formation of char and promoted the thermal stability of treated cotton fabrics during combustion.

scholarly journals Influence of crosslinking agent on the effectiveness of flame retardant treatment for cotton fabric

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (05) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
VU THI HONG KHANH ◽  
NGUYEN THI HUONG
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Laundering Durability ◽  
Curing Method ◽  
Ethylene Urea ◽  
The Impact

In this study, the commercial organophosphorus compound Pyrovatex CP New was used as a flame retardant for cotton fabric. Citric acid and a modified dihydroxy ethylene urea (DHEU) labelled Knittex FFRC were used as crosslinking to increase the flame-retardant laundering durability of treated cotton fabric. There have been some studies showing that Chitosan has the potential to improve flame retardancy and laundering durability of flame retardant treated cotton fabric. Thus, Chitosan, which has the molecular weight of 2.600 (water soluble) and the deacetylation degree of approximately 75%, is added to finishing solution for flame retardant treatment of cotton fabric. The padding-drying-curing method was used in this study. After treatment, all samples were examined to determine the chemical absorption level. The 45° flammability test characteristics and LOI value of untreated and treated samples after different number of washing cycle were determined to assess the flame retardancy of the treated fabric and its laundering durability. In addition, to assess the impact of this treatment on the mechanical strength and ecology of the fabric, the tensile strength and free formaldehyde content of the treated fabric were also evaluated

scholarly journals PEDOT:PSS/PDMS-Coated Cotton Fabric for Strain and Moisture Sensors

Proceedings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Granch Berhe Tseghai ◽  
Benny Malengier ◽  
Kinde Anlay Fante ◽  
Lieva Van Langenhove
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Surface Resistance ◽  
Conductive Polymer ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Polystyrene Sulfonate ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Coated Fabric ◽  
Textile Fabric ◽  
Coated Cotton

In this work, we have successfully developed a flexible, lightweight, and washable strain and moisture sensor textile fabric by printing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate/polydimethylsiloxane-b-polyethylene oxide (PEDOT:PSS/PDMS) conductive polymer composite on knitted cotton fabric. A 60.2 kΩ/sq surface resistance has been obtained at a 30% ratio of PDMS to PEDOT:PSS at 0.012 g/cm2 solid add-on. The coated fabric was washed at 30 °C for 30 min in the presence of a standard detergent. It was observed that there was a 5.3% increase in surface resistance, i.e., 63.4 kΩ/sq. After coating, the fabric could still be stretched up to the infliction elongation of the fabric, i.e., 40%, with a significant change in surface resistance that makes it usable as a strain sensor. In addition, the conductive fabric showed a drop in surface resistance with an increase of the moisture regain up to 150%.

scholarly journals Enhancing the flame retardancy of lyocell fabric finished with an efficient, halogen-free flame retardant

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (55) ◽  
pp. 34926-34937
Author(s):  
Wei Tan ◽  
Yuanlin Ren ◽  
Mengyuan Xiao ◽  
Yingbin Guo ◽  
Yansong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Neopentyl Glycol ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Halogen Free

A novel flame retardant (PNPG) containing phosphorus and nitrogen was synthesized based on neopentyl glycol, phosphoric acid and urea, and was then used for preparation of flame retardant lyocell fabric through a dip-dry-cure finishing process.

scholarly journals FLAME RETARDANCY IMPROVEMENT OF MODIFIED COTTON FABRIC BY NANO SILICA SOL COATING

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Vu Anh Tuan ◽  
Pham Thi Thu Trang ◽  
Giang H. Ha Le ◽  
Manh B Nguyen ◽  
Tran Quang Vinh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Silica Sol ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Coated Fabrics ◽  
Dip Coating Method ◽  
Fabric Surface

Cotton fabric was coated by silica sol at different times using dip-coating method. Nano silica coated fabrics were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, TGA. From SEM result, it showed that fabric surface was coated by nanosilica particles of 20-30 nm size. Nano silica coated fabrics showed the improvement not only flame retardancy (LOI increased from 18.4 to 30.8) but also the tear strength. Tear strength increased from 23 N/mm (cotton fabric) to 29.9 N/mm (fabric coated nanosilica at 3 times).

Preparation and Properties of Knitted Coated Fabric with Flame Retardancy

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 1313-1317
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Di ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Wen Qin Du
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Coating Process ◽  
Coated Fabric ◽  
Washing Durability ◽  
Variable Function ◽  
Coated Fabrics

Due to its excellent performance, special style and variable function, coated fabric is used more and more widely by the public. At present, there are lots of coated fabrics, most of which are made from woven fabric, knits are rarely used. The reason is knitted fabric has good elasticity and large deformation. Therefore, it is difficult to control the tension in the direct coating process. In this paper, the transfer coating process is adopted to solve this problem. First of all, knitted fabric was finished by padding flame retardant, then coated with polyurethane(PU) which includes flame retardant. The optimum transfer coating process is obtained by orthogonal experiment. Knitted coated fabrics with flame retardancy are manufactured by the optimum coating process. Washing durability of coated fabric was tested through the washing test. The results showed that the coated fabric has good flame retardancy and the washing durability.

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