Ungating the city: A permeability perspective

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 2586-2602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guibo Sun ◽  
Chris Webster ◽  
Alain Chiaradia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
The Road ◽  
High Data ◽  
Spatial Design ◽  
Pedestrian Network ◽  
Healthier Living ◽  
The City ◽  
Data Requirements

China is seeking to prohibit the construction of any new gated communities and to gradually open existing schemes after three decades of growth of large-block gated estates. In this article, we use permeability analysis to explore the ‘what if?’ question posed by the policy: what if gated communities became permeable? We ask the question in respect of non-motorised access. We use two permeability metrics, closeness and betweenness, as outcome measures of gated and non-gated versions of the city. We construct a bespoke complete pedestrian network, rather than using the road network, for our permeability modelling. Nanchang, a medium-sized Chinese city with widespread gated communities, is our study area. A series of permeability analyses with and without gated communities is conducted using GIS and spatial design network analysis (sDNA). On the basis of these analyses, we sequentially sort the gated compounds whose opening will maximise permeability gains with minimum expropriation of property rights through coercive ungating. We offer the analysis to urban scholars, planners and governments by way of a quantified simulation. This study and methodology, which is transferable without high data requirements, can assist urban practitioners in reconfiguring urban form to promote a healthier living environment (more walking) and more economically viable local service centres (greater pedestrian footfall concentrations).

Reshaping the gray spaces: resident self-provisioning and urban form in Detroit

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley Kinder
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Government Capacity ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
Infrastructure Maintenance ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Moral Geographies ◽  
The City

Policies of neoliberalism and austerity are eroding government capacity and increasing environmental inequity in cities nationwide. One important consequence is the inadequacy of basic services associated with land management, infrastructure maintenance, and public safety. This chapter explores the variety of Detroit residents’ do-it-yourself responses to these challenges. Rather than foregoing basic services, many residents attempt to do the work themselves. At a basic level, these physical changes improved the quality of the living environment. More importantly, these spatial interventions are transforming where and how people live in the city, get access to resources, and maintain moral geographies of social control.

scholarly journals A first approach to the possible urban form of the city of Alcoy for the 21st century

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Vidal Climent ◽  
Ciro Vidal Climent ◽  
Vicente Vidal-Vidal
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

The will of Modernity to define and decide the urban form has been truncated by an endless succession of conditions related to land ownership and the many ways of justifying compliance with all kinds of rules that elude the question about form. The consequence is that they provoke a distortion of reality by blurring the entity of the city and its position in front of history.In this sense, the drift and banalization of urbanism has been directed by the bureaucratic criteria of an administration that, with or without technical knowledge, makes decisions that impact on the urban form but without acquiring commitment or responsibility towards it. The urban form is at the mercy of the local building legislation, of the road or the shape of the plots susceptible or not to be built. Irremediably, the resulting urban form, achieved both in an active and passive way, evidences the error of the procedure because it reveals an operational ignorance of the context, of history, or simply of the faith in progress.From the shelter of thought that represents the discipline of urbanism we introduce a series of urban solutions for the city of Alcoy that correspond to a possible urban proposal bounded in the time of the XXI century. This study aims to have a view of the urban form and urbanist order for the city of Alcoy and its territory under the premises of understanding both the inherited city and the needs of the new generations committed to a possible future

scholarly journals Use of Space Syntax through the map of segments for diagnostic integration and choice normalized in the City of Campina Grande - Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e54810111791
Author(s):  
Claudio Germano Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Isabel Lausanne Fontgalland
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
The Road ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Favorable Configuration ◽  
Social Logic ◽  
Heterogeneous Formation ◽  
The City

The article presents the profile of the city of Campina Grande, Brazil, from the perspective of the Space Syntax of the Theory of Social Logic of Space. In the methodology adopted, we used the model that starts from the Road Centre Line (RCL) map elaboration, which served as a basis for obtaining the Angular Segment Analysis, via Depthmapand QGIS software, generating the syntactic measures presented in the results. The objectives proposed in this study were achieved, for the results show that in the city there are spaces with organic and planned characteristics, which reflect socio-cultural aspects of occupation and settlement of the area along its predominantly heterogeneous formation. As for the urban form, there is a configuration composed of an integrating nucleus, located in the urban center; as for the scores presented, there are average values of NAIN (1.007), NACH (0.911) and INCH (12,213) measures, in which 48% with 40%, 54% and 48%, respectively, of the neighborhoods with average scores higher than the index presented by the city's configurational analysis. Most of the territory presents values above the average values for the city and for the Brazilian territory. Thus, it is concluded that the central regions seem to present, according to the data obtained, a more favorable configuration for mobility and accessibility, having in the peripheral neighborhoods segregationist aspects that can explain the restriction of movement of individuals regarding the access of goods and services in the city.

scholarly journals Simulation of Population Growth and Distribution based on Centrality of Road Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10S) ◽  
pp. 389-393
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Closeness Centrality ◽  
Network Centrality ◽  
The Road ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
The City

This study presents a method to model population growth of spatial units by incorporating measures of road network centrality instead of conventional statistical models of population growth. The proposed model enables the estimation of population growth based on the changes in the urban form represent by the changes in the road network and their centralities. The model has been calibrated and validated for the city of Colombo, Sri Lanka. The proposed model for simulating population growth rate by utilizing Closeness Centrality values and the rate of natural population growth as endogenous variables recorded an accepted level of predictability (R2= 0.87 and MdAPE < 10%). The method demonstrated in this research is an effective tool for understanding and directing the efficient allocation of intelligent road network infrastructure, urban planning and population modeling.

scholarly journals Gebiedsbranding van de KennisAs Ede-Wageningen

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Pier Taylor
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Place Branding ◽  
Concept Development ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Spatial Design ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Inside View ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Healthier Living

This essay discusses the proposed design for informational objects for the place branding of the Food Innovation Strip Ede-Wageningen. The Food Innovation Strip Ede-Wageningen is the knowledge center of the FoodValley Region, one of the regions taking part in the top sectors policy, developed in 2011 by the Dutch government. The branding aims to convincingly convey that this region holds many companies, organizations and knowledge institutes working together towards sustainable innovations for the Agri-food sector within the framework of healthier food and a healthier living environment. This essay offers an inside view, from concept development to prototype, of the research behind the spatial and typographical design for the informational objects for the Food Innovation Strip. Although Agri-food is the primary focus for the design, the research is also based on information about typography and how typography is implemented in related fields such as illustration, spatial design and design in the context of new media.

scholarly journals Pavement Planning on Jalan Pendidikan in Palembang City

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1092-1095
Author(s):  
Noor Sulistiyono ◽  
Febriansyah . ◽  
Sri Kelana ◽  
Muhammad Ilham Ghifari
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Public High School ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Pedestrian Network ◽  
Good Schools ◽  
The City

Pavement as a pedestrian network is also an important element in the image of the city, along the road in the urban area all elements and attributes of the city are arranged, arranged and interconnected. People will observe and shape the imagination of the city area by moving through the streets (Kevin Lynch; 1962. Jalan Pendidikan is one of the roads in the Jakabaring District of Palembang City. This road is one of the areas in Palembang which is the center of education in Palembang. The length of this road is ± 1 km where there are many good schools ranging from kindergarten, elementary school, junior high school / MAN on this road section, including MAN 1 Palembang City, Palembang 19 Public High School, Palembang Junior High School and Sports High School, and 81 City Primary School Palembang. As long as this road has no pedestrian facilities, at the time of going and going to school this road is always crowded with pedestrians who want to go to school but still mixed with private vehicles so that it can cause congestion and conditions that are dangerous for pedestrians. From the results of the analysis obtained the highest volume of pedestrians that occurs on Monday at 06:00 WIB to 07.00 WIB with a number of 484 people. The highest pedestrians are from school children who go to school on foot.The width of the pavement plan is 2.42 meters, for safety the sidewalk must have a height higher than the road. For the type of sidewalk that is suitable that is the sidewalk on Rumija which is quite wide by adding a type of sidewalk that has a public transport stop

TO THE QUESTION OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF ARTIFICIAL PLANTATIONS OF PITSUNDSKAYA PINE IN THE SEASIDE AREA OF GELENDZHIK

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Derevenets ◽  
Elizaveta Derevenets
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Road ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Gelendzhik is the resort town, there aren't a lot of industrial enterprises here. The main pollutant is transport. The work purpose is the assessment of a condition of the artificial landings of a pine located along the Federal highway "Don" and landings, which is nearly the sea coast. Researches were conducted to a standard technique of the General vital state (A. S. Bogolyubov). The assessment of a condition of pines was carried out during 6 years: from 2010 to 2015. For carrying out research we used 6 experimental grounds on the Markotkhsky spine and 2 control grounds within the town. We investigated 24 trees on each platform, middle age of the trees were 30 - 40 years. Results. 1. The condition of trees in the pine forests located in immediate proximity with the Federal highway "Don" (No. 1, 2, 3) is unsatisfactory. As even weak influences of the majority of atmospheric gaseous pollutants (sulphurous gas, nitrogen oxides, etc.) give effect of a necrosis and hloroz of pine needles, the condition of pines is connected with technogenic pollution. So near the Federal highway "Don" the air environment is strongly polluted by exhaust gases. Information of 2012 confirm that negative influence of the route on Markotkh's vegetation decreases at reduction of load of the route. 2. On the sites located above on a slope (No. 4,5,6) thanks to remoteness and the wind mode intensity of influence of pollutants is lower and a condition of pines the quite satisfactory. 3. Trees on the sites located near the sea (No. 7,8) are in a good shape. Small deterioration of a state is noted in very droughty years. Conclusion. Results of six years' research show that the condition of the plantings which are in close proximity with the road worsens. It is explained by increase in intensity of the movement on the road, especially during a resort season. Gelendzhik is the city with a good ecological shape, but the damage to environment is already caused. If not to take measures, we can lose a unique part of the nature in the future, recreate it will be impossible. Measures of reduction of negative impact of exhaust gases were offered. Results of researches are transferred to ecological department of the City administration of Gelendzhik.

Se perdre afin de se retrouver : l'importance du passage entre l’absence et la présence dans Œdipe sur la route de Henry Bauchau

2012 ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Alicja Ślusarska
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
The Road ◽  
De Se ◽  
The City ◽  
Oedipus At Colonus

Retracing in his novel the labyrinthine journey that leads Oedipus from the place of his abomination (Thebes) to the city of his future glory (Colonus), Henry Bauchau fills the emptiness between Sophocles’s Oedipus the King and Oedipus at Colonus. Bauchau’s hero, a powerful king, loses everything and stabs his eyes out when the cruel truth about his real identity is revealed. Blind, homeless, devoid of meaning of life, Oedipus leaves on a journey to pass away anywhere. However, his way to death turns out to be, thanks to benevolent presence of others and art’s liberating power, the road to personal elucidation. The story of Bauchau’s Oedipus, who finally recognizes himself as a truly human, is based therefore on the passage between absence and presence, between darkness and lucidity, on the union of contradictions which symbolize the complexity of human nature. This paper attempts to analyse different representations of absence in Bauchau’s novel. Afterwards, the article focuses on the ways which facilitate Oedipus’s road leading from depersonalization to rediscovery of his own identity.

TO THE QUESTION OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF ARTIFICIAL PLANTATIONS OF PITSUNDSKAYA PINE IN THE SEASIDE AREA OF GELENDZHIK

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Derevenets ◽  
Elizaveta Derevenets
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Road ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Gelendzhik is the resort town, there aren't a lot of industrial enterprises here. The main pollutant is transport. The work purpose is the assessment of a condition of the artificial landings of a pine located along the Federal highway "Don" and landings, which is nearly the sea coast. Researches were conducted to a standard technique of the General vital state (A. S. Bogolyubov). The assessment of a condition of pines was carried out during 6 years: from 2010 to 2015. For carrying out research we used 6 experimental grounds on the Markotkhsky spine and 2 control grounds within the town. We investigated 24 trees on each platform, middle age of the trees were 30 - 40 years. Results. 1. The condition of trees in the pine forests located in immediate proximity with the Federal highway "Don" (No. 1, 2, 3) is unsatisfactory. As even weak influences of the majority of atmospheric gaseous pollutants (sulphurous gas, nitrogen oxides, etc.) give effect of a necrosis and hloroz of pine needles, the condition of pines is connected with technogenic pollution. So near the Federal highway "Don" the air environment is strongly polluted by exhaust gases. Information of 2012 confirm that negative influence of the route on Markotkh's vegetation decreases at reduction of load of the route. 2. On the sites located above on a slope (No. 4,5,6) thanks to remoteness and the wind mode intensity of influence of pollutants is lower and a condition of pines the quite satisfactory. 3. Trees on the sites located near the sea (No. 7,8) are in a good shape. Small deterioration of a state is noted in very droughty years. Conclusion. Results of six years' research show that the condition of the plantings which are in close proximity with the road worsens. It is explained by increase in intensity of the movement on the road, especially during a resort season. Gelendzhik is the city with a good ecological shape, but the damage to environment is already caused. If not to take measures, we can lose a unique part of the nature in the future, recreate it will be impossible. Measures of reduction of negative impact of exhaust gases were offered. Results of researches are transferred to ecological department of the City administration of Gelendzhik.

scholarly journals What is beyond the edges? Gated communities and their role in China’s desire for harmonious cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Badiaa Hamama ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
New Urbanization

Abstract During the rapid process of urbanization in post-reform China, cities assumed the role of a catalyst for economic growth and quantitative construction. In this context, territorially bounded and well delimited urban cells, globally known as ‘gated communities’, xiaoqu, continued to define the very essence of Chinese cities becoming the most attractive urban form for city planners, real estate developers, and citizens alike. Considering the guidelines in China’s National New Urbanization Plan (2014–2020), focusing on the promotion of humanistic and harmonious cities, in addition to the directive of 2016 by China’s Central Urban Work Conference to open up the gates and ban the construction of new enclosed residential compounds, this paper raises the following questions: As the matrix of the Chinese urban fabric, what would be the role of the gated communities in China’s desire for a human-qualitative urbanism? And How to rethink the gated communities to meet the new urban challenges? Seeking alternative perspectives, this paper looks at the gated communities beyond the apparent limits they seem to represent, considering them not simply as the ‘cancer’ of Chinese cities, rather the container of the primary ingredients to reshape the urban fabric dominated by the gate.

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