scholarly journals Residential segregation and school segregation of foreign students in Barcelona

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (15) ◽  
pp. 3251-3273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Bonal ◽  
Adrián Zancajo ◽  
Rosario Scandurra
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Admissions Policy ◽  
Local Education ◽  
Private Schooling ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Education Market

This article examines the dynamics of the relationship between residential and school segregation in Barcelona. The analysis explores which educational and non-educational drivers foster the school segregation of foreign students between the city’s neighbourhoods. The article also analyses to what extent the particularities of Barcelona’s admissions policy, which combines catchment areas with high levels of school choice, generate specific mechanisms of contextually bound school segregation within the local education market. The results confirm that residential segregation and educational segregation are two interrelated phenomena in Barcelona. In addition, the supply of publicly subsidised private schooling in the neighbourhoods is a main factor driving both educational segregation and isolation, especially in those neighbourhoods with a high concentration of foreign pupils. Based on the results, the article elaborates on the challenges for local education policymaking to address the dynamics of school segregation in urban spaces.

scholarly journals Making Poor Choices? Demand Rationalities and School Choice in a Chilean Local Education Market

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Bonal ◽  
Antoni Verger ◽  
Adrián Zancajo
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Local Education ◽  
Education Market

The Role of Residence in School Segregation: Placing the Impact of Parental Choice in Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 1829-1852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Taylor ◽  
Stephen Gorard
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Parental Choice ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Segregation ◽  
The Impact

There have been many claims that the introduction of parental choice for schools in the United Kingdom would lead to further socioeconomic segregation between schools. However, little evidence of this has actually emerged. Instead during the first half of the 1990s, in particular, the number of children living in poverty became more equally distributed between UK secondary schools. Part of the explanation for this lies with the prior arrangements for allocating children to schools, typically based upon designated catchment areas. In this paper we argue that the degree of residential segregation that exists in England ensured that schools were already highly segregated before the introduction of market reforms to education, and has continued to be the chief determinant of segregation since. We then suggest that the School Standards and Framework Act 1998, which advocates a return to the use of catchment areas and distance to school when allocating places in oversubscribed schools, may be leading inadvertently to increased socioeconomic segregation between schools.

scholarly journals School segregation and native flight. Quasi-experimental evidence from Norway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian F. Rogne ◽  
Solveig Topstad Borgen ◽  
Erlend Ingridsønn Nordrum
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Native Flight ◽  
School Preferences

Ethnic or racial segregation in schools and neighborhoods remains a persistent reality in most major cities in Western countries. Although extensively theorized, determining the exact mechanisms that produce such patterns has proven difficult. In this article, we investigate one of the potential causes of ethnic segregation in schools; native flight motivated by parents’ school preferences. Both observational and experimental evidence suggests that native or White parents have a strong preference for racially or ethnically homogeneous schools. If this is the case, this may strongly contribute to school segregation. In contexts where school enrollment is determined primarily by geographic proximity to schools, such preferences may prompt White or native parents to move away from schools with high racial or ethnic minority shares among students, thus contributing to both residential and school segregation. Drawing on extremely detailed, population-wide, geo-coded register data on families and school catchment areas for elementary schools in Oslo, the capital of Norway, we investigate whether native parents move away from schools with higher shares students with non-Western immigrant backgrounds. We employ a Geographic Regression Discontinuity (GRD) design by exploiting the fact that within neighborhoods, the characteristics of schools differ discontinuously along school catchment area borders. The results indicate that native origin families systematically move away from schools with high shares of students with non-Western immigrant backgrounds. This process likely contributes to both school segregation and residential segregation.

scholarly journals The opportunity structure of segregation: School choice and school segregation in Sweden

2021 ◽  
pp. 000169932110683
Author(s):  
Maria Brandén ◽  
Magnus Bygren
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Ninth Graders ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Local Schools ◽  
Voucher Schools ◽  
Local Segregation

It is a matter of debate whether free school choice should lead to higher or lower levels of school segregation. We investigate how school choice opportunities affect school segregation utilizing geocoded Swedish population register data with information on 13 cohorts of ninth graders. We find that local school choice opportunities strongly affect the sorting of students across schools based on the parents’ country of birth and level of education. An increase in the number of local schools leads to higher levels of local segregation net of stable area characteristics, and time-varying controls for population structure and local residential segregation. In particular, the local presence of private voucher schools pushes school segregation upwards. The segregating impact of school choice opportunities is notably stronger in ‘native’ areas with high portions of highly educated parents, and in areas with low residential segregation. Our results point to the importance of embedding individual actors in relevant opportunity structures for understanding segregation processes.

scholarly journals From Catchment Areas to Parental Choice: Education Policy Reforms and Their Effects on School Segregation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Ramos Lobato
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Parental Choice ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Admission System

Parents’ selective school choices play a key role in exacerbating school segregation across the globe. As a result, numerous studies have investigated parents’ choice practices, while less attention has been paid to the role of the institutional context itself. Taking the introduction of free primary school choice in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, as an example, in this article, I seek to provide insights into the motivations behind the policy reform and its subsequent effects. The article illustrates how the new admission system changes not only the roles, motivations, and strategies of parents, but also those of primary schools. Consequently, the abolition of primary school catchment areas led neither to more equality in choice nor to a responsible competition between primary schools. Instead, it reinforces social divisions and symbolic differences between primary schools.

scholarly journals Neighborhood, Segregation, and School Choice

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2 (20)) ◽  
pp. 111-133
Author(s):  
Zoë Elisabeth Antonia Schreurs ◽  
Shu-Nu Chang Rundgren
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
School Assignment ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Neighborhood Segregation ◽  
Selection Of

Over the past few decades, school choice has been a widely debated issue around the globe, following the development of pluralism, liberty, and democracy. In many countries, school choice systems were preceded by residence-based school assignment systems, creating a strong connection between a neighborhood and its schools’ demographic compositions. However, schools often remain highly segregated. School segregation is thus seen as a major problem and is supposedly driven by three main factors: residential segregation, parental school choice, and schools’ selection of pupils. This paper aims to shed light on what research should be focusing on as regards school choice and residential segregation with the following two research questions: What are the links between neighborhood and school choice in the literature? How are neighborhood and school choice connected to school segregation in the literature? Two main findings emerged: (1) the neighborhood-based social networks that parents developed had limited their school choices and (2) neighborhood segregation is one of the most important factors that contributes to school segregation and is related to multi-ethnic and socioeconomic contexts.

scholarly journals Segregated Neighborhoods, Segregated Schools: Do Charters Break a Stubborn Link?

Demography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-498
Author(s):  
Peter Rich ◽  
Jennifer Candipan ◽  
Ann Owens
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
School Choice ◽  
Charter Schools ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Hispanic Students ◽  
National Sample ◽  
School Segregation ◽  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Public School Choice ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Residential and school segregation have historically mirrored each other, with school segregation seen as simply reflecting residential patterns given neighborhood-based school assignment policy. We argue that the relationship is circular, such that school options also influence residential outcomes. We hypothesize that the expansion of charter schools could simultaneously lead to an increase in school segregation and a decrease in residential segregation. We examine what happens when neighborhood and school options are decoupled via public school choice in the form of charter schools using data from the census and the Common Core of Data on a national sample of more than 1,500 metropolitan districts. We find that Black-White school segregation increased and residential segregation declined in response to increases in the charter enrollment share from 2000 to 2010. In districts with charter schools, the average increase in the charter enrollment share corresponded to a 12% increase in school segregation and 2% decline in residential segregation. We find no relationship between charter school expansion and school segregation between White and Hispanic students, perhaps because Hispanic students attend more racially diverse charters than White or Black students. White-Hispanic residential segregation declined as charter enrollment increased. Our results demonstrate that educational policy is consequential for both school and neighborhood population processes. When these two contexts are decoupled via public school choice, school and neighborhood segregation patterns move in opposite directions, rather than mirroring each other. Our findings also provide a cautionary lesson for unfettered expansion of choice without integration imperatives.

The Role of Catchment Areas on School Segregation by Economic, Social and Cultural Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Prieto-Latorre ◽  
Oscar D. Marcenaro-Gutierrez ◽  
Luis Alejandro Lopez-Agudo
Keyword(s):  
School Segregation ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Catchment Areas

School Choice and the Burdens of Justice

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Clayton ◽  
David Stevens
Keyword(s):  
School Choice ◽  
Equality Of Opportunity ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Fair Share ◽  
Educational Justice ◽  
Educational Adequacy ◽  
Private Schooling ◽  
Parental Partiality

This paper takes issue with Swift’s argument for the claim that parents who affirm equality of opportunity can justifiably buy advantageous private schooling if it is necessary to ensure educational adequacy for their children. We advance a number of reasons of justice and morality that support the view that egalitarian parents ought to accept a degree of educational inadequacy: parents have a pro tanto reason to share the burdens of injustice; it is not obvious that the legitimacy of parental partiality is as extensive in unjust circumstances as it is under just arrangements; we have some duty of justice to accept inadequacy for our children in the fight for the realization of educational justice; and we might be morally required to accept more than a fair share of the burden of establishing just educational institutions.

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