Testing the Cycle of Violence Hypothesis: Child Abuse and Adolescent Dating Violence as Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence in Young Adulthood

Dating violence is a public health problem affecting people worldwide. This study evaluated the occurrence of different types of adolescent dating violence using a mixed analysis of each data source. The present study addresses the following research questions: does the occurrence of the types of violence analyzed in the quantitative phase match with the narratives obtained in the qualitative phase? and does the additional information obtained in the qualitative phase improve the understanding of the analyzed phenomenon? In the quantitative phase, 410 participants (aged 13 to 19 years) answered a questionnaire based on the Modified Conflict Tactics Scale, while in the qualitative phase, 26 participated in two focus groups. Data were collected from May to June 2019. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of those who had agreed to participate. The present research was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador. The results were divided on: prevalence of dating violence based on age groups and gender, management and resolution of dating conflicts, victimization and perpetration of intimate partner violence, factors favoring intimate partner violence and acceptance of abuse. The results were analyzed via triangulation and indicated that adolescents were involved in the perpetration and victimization of psychological as well as mild and severe physical violence. An analysis of the contributing factors revealed a strong tendency toward the acceptance of the traditional gender model. Challenging these models is crucial to deconstruct hierarchical models, develop conflict resolution skills, and promptly identify abusive behaviors that affect emotional development. The combination of different methodological approaches improved the understanding of the phenomenon studied.

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The Cycle of Violence Revisited: Distinguishing Intimate Partner Violence Offenders Only, Victims Only, and Victim-Offenders

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-15-00056 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 573-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Tara N. Richards ◽

Elizabeth Tomsich ◽

Angela R. Gover ◽

Wesley G. Jennings

Keyword(s):

Sexual Abuse ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Dating Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Cycle Of Violence ◽

Physical Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Witnessing Violence ◽

Ipv Perpetration ◽

The U.S

Using a cycle of violence framework, we investigated experiences with physical intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization, perpetration, and both IPV victimization and perpetration (IPV overlap). Data included the U.S. subsample of college students in the International Dating Violence Study (n = 4,162). Findings indicated that 40% of participants reported lifetime IPV, with 28% reporting membership in the overlap group. Cycle of violence variables including child sexual abuse, witnessing violence inside the home during childhood, and witnessing violence outside the home during childhood were uniquely related to membership in the overlap group. No relationship between cycle of violence variables and IPV victimization only or IPV perpetration only was identified. Results suggested the cycle of violence might predominantly operate among individuals who are both IPV victims and offenders, rather than among individuals experiencing IPV victimization or perpetrate IPV exclusively.

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A Gendered Analysis of the Effects of Social Ties and Risky Behavior on Intimate Partner Violence Victimization

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260516652271 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (8) ◽

pp. 1657-1682 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Christina Policastro ◽

Leah E. Daigle

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Dating Violence ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Risky Behavior ◽

Social Ties ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Future Research ◽

Adolescent Dating Violence ◽

The Relationship

Recent studies have begun to explore how social ties relate to adolescent dating violence. Building upon prior literature that investigates the relationship between lifestyle patterns and dating violence, the current research explores how social ties developed early in life may indirectly affect intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization risk among adults by influencing risky behavior in late adolescence. Furthermore, the study explores the possibility that the relationship between social ties, risk behavior, and IPV may be gendered. To examine the direct and indirect effects, the current study uses data from three waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to estimate multiple mediation models. Peer engagement and adolescent risky behavior have significant direct effects on IPV risk in young adulthood. Tests of indirect effects provide evidence of mediation with the social tie measures indirectly influencing IPV risk via their influence on risky behavior. Finally, there is evidence that the pathways to IPV victimization vary by sex. Implications for theory and policy, and directions for future research are discussed.

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The Impact of NORTH STAR on Suicidality, Substance Problems, Intimate Partner Violence, and Child Abuse

Military Medicine ◽

10.1093/milmed/usaa380 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Amy M Smith Slep ◽

Richard E Heyman ◽

Michael F Lorber ◽

David J Linkh

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Child Abuse ◽

Air Force ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Absolute Risk ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Institutional Review Board ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Institutional Review ◽

The Impact

Abstract Introduction We evaluated the effectiveness of New Orientation for Reducing Threats to Health from Secretive-problems That Affect Readiness (NORTH STAR), a community assessment, planning, and action framework to reduce the prevalence of suicidality, substance problems, intimate partner violence, and child abuse. Materials and Methods One-third of U.S. Air Force bases worldwide were randomly assigned to NORTH STAR (n = 12) or an assessment-and-feedback-only condition (n = 12). Two Air Force-wide, cross-sectional, anonymous, web-based surveys were conducted of randomly selected samples assessing risk/protective factors and outcomes. This study was reviewed and approved by the institutional review board at the investigators’ university and by the institutional review board at Fort Detrick. Results NORTH STAR, relative to control, bases experienced a 33% absolute risk reduction in hazardous drinking rates and cumulative risk, although, given the small number of bases, these effects were not statistically significant. Conclusions Given its relatively low cost, use of empirically supported light-touch interventions, and emphasis on sustainability with existing resources, NORTH STAR may be a useful system for prevention of a range of adult behavioral health problems that are difficult to impact.

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Using a Person-Centered Approach to Identify Patterns of Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Child Abuse in Women: Associations With Mental Health

Child Maltreatment ◽

10.1177/10775595211031655 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107755952110316

Author(s):

Bre’Anna L. Free ◽

Alexandra J. Lipinski ◽

Rivian K. Lewin ◽

Rimsha Majeed ◽

Rebecca J. Zakarian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Child Abuse ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Latent Class ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Mental Health Conditions ◽

Class Differences

Patterns of exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and child abuse (CA) were explored in 467 women seeking psychological assistance following IPV. Using latent class analysis, three classes were obtained: women who had experienced physical, sexual, and psychological IPV, along with childhood physical and sexual abuse (IPV + CA; 38.5%); women who had experienced physical, sexual, and psychological IPV only (IPV/no CA; 52.9%); and women who had experienced psychological IPV only (Psych IPV only; 8.6%). Associations of class membership with severity of specific mental health conditions were examined, along with the number of diagnosed conditions. Significant between-class differences were noted on severity of IPV-related posttraumatic stress disorder, depressive disorders, alcohol and substance use disorders, and social phobia. Classes also differed significantly on the number of mental health conditions. Understanding patterns of betrayal-based trauma (e.g., IPV and CA) can inform care within agencies that serve IPV survivors by highlighting individuals at-risk for mental health conditions.

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Predictors of Sexual Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Men: A Prospective Analysis

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260521989735 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052198973

Author(s):

Hailee K. Dunn ◽

Deborah N. Pearlman ◽

Madeline C. Montgomery ◽

Lindsay M. Orchowski

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Teen Dating Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Heavy Alcohol ◽

Peer Approval ◽

Sexual Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Heavy Alcohol Use

Research demonstrates that both peer socialization and underage drinking play a significant role in teen dating violence. However, less is known about the lasting effects of these risk factors on boys’ ability to form healthy romantic relationships as they get older. The present study examined whether boys who perceived their peers would respect them more for having sex and those who engaged in past year heavy alcohol use would be more likely to perpetrate sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) in young adulthood compared to boys who did not endorse perceived peer approval for sex or report past year heavy drinking. Analyses were conducted using a sample of boys ( n = 1,189) from Waves I and III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). A logistic regression was conducted to assess the relationship between perceived peer approval to have sex and heavy alcohol use at Wave I and sexual IPV at Wave III, after adjusting for demographic factors and other correlates of sexual IPV at Wave I, including age, race/ethnicity, sexual initiation in adolescence, parental attachment, annual family income, and neighborhood poverty. Boys who believed they would gain peer respect by having sex and boys who reported getting drunk in the last 12 months, regardless of how often, were significantly more likely to report sexual IPV in young adulthood compared to boys who did not endorse either of these factors. Targeting boys’ perceived peer norms regarding sexual activity and heavy alcohol use may therefore be especially important for preventing sexual IPV later in life.

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