scholarly journals Determinants of Hip and Knee Replacement: The Role of Social Support and Family Dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 004695801983743
Author(s):  
Berna Demiralp ◽  
Lane Koenig ◽  
Jennifer T. Nguyen ◽  
Samuel A. Soltoff
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Us ◽  
Support Mechanisms

The objective of this study was to examine variations in the determinants of joint replacement (JR) across gender and age, with emphasis on the role of social support and family dynamics. We analyzed data from the US Health and Retirement Study (1998-2010) on individuals aged 45 or older with no prior receipt of JR. We used logistic regression to analyze the probability of receiving knee or hip replacement by gender and age (<65, 65+). We estimated the effect of demographic, health needs, economic, and familial support variables on the rate of JR. We found that being married/partnered with a healthy spouse/partner is positively associated with JR utilization in both age groups (65+ group OR: 1.327 and <65 group OR: 1.476). While this finding holds for men, it is not statistically significant for women. Among women younger than 65, having children younger than 18 lowers the odds (OR: 0.201) and caring for grandchildren increases the odds (1.364) of having a JR. Finally, elderly women who report availability of household assistance from a child have higher odds of receiving a JR as compared with elderly women without a child who could assist (OR: 1.297). No effect of available support from children was observed for those below 65 years old and elderly men. Our results show that intrafamily dynamics and familial support are important determinants of JR; however, their effects vary by gender and age. Establishing appropriate support mechanisms could increase access to cost-effective JR among patients in need of surgery.

scholarly journals The role of electrotherapy in reducing the pain of patients with knee osteoarthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 512-515
Author(s):  
Elisabeta ANTONESCU ◽  
Sînziana Călina SILIŞTEANU ◽  
Maria TOTAN
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Painful Symptom ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Physical Dysfunction ◽  
Recovery Treatment

Introduction. Osteoarthritis is considered to be the most common form of arthritis and a leading disability cause worldwide, especially due to the painful symptom. The latter is a clinical marker in evaluating the limits of joint mobility and therefore, the pain reduction is a goal of the recovery treatment for patients with knee osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to show whether the pain phenomenon characteristic of knee osteoarthritis can be reduced by electrotherapy, even in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and method. The study lasted 5 months and included 171 patients diagnosed clinically and radiologically with knee osteoarthritis. The followed parameters were pain, physical dysfunction in daily activities, anxiety and quality of life. Results and discussions. The two groups of studied patients were homogeneous in terms of weight by gender and age groups. The evaluation of patients according to scales enabled the registration of statistically significant values, the value of p <0.05, which explains the validation of the working hypothesis. The feeling of pain is closely related to the level of anxiety. Conclusions. Analgesic electrotherapy significantly reduced the pain syndrome of the patients for whom it was used. It has been shown that the patients' anxiety can influence the pain phenomenon. Given the conditions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, the anxiety of the patients who were in the outpatient department to receive recovery treatment was increased, but after the recovery treatment there was a decrease, so these patients' quality of life increased. Keywords: pain, analgesic electrotherapy, knee osteoarthritis, recovery treatment,

Social Support Moderates the Relationship Between Death Anxiety and Psychological Distress Among Israeli Nurses

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412094559
Author(s):  
Maya Kagan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Stress Buffering ◽  
Psychological Distress Scale ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
Distress Scale

Based on the stress-buffering model, the current study sought to examine the moderating role of perceived social support in the association between death anxiety and psychological distress among nurses. Select variables found in previous studies to correlate with psychological distress served in the current study as covariates to control for their relationship with psychological distress among nurses. These include gender, years of professional experience, self-rated health, self-efficacy, and self-defined burnout. Structured questionnaires were administered to a sample of 795 professionally active nurses in Israel. Psychological distress was assessed by the 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6), death anxiety was assessed by a single item scale designed by Abdel-Khalek, and perceived social support was assessed by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The research findings show that higher levels of death anxiety were associated with higher levels of psychological distress only among nurses with lower levels of perceived social support. The study indicates that in order to reduce the level of distress experienced by nurses it is important to take action to reduce their death anxiety and enhance their social support mechanisms.

Familial liability to psychosis is a risk factor for multimorbidity in people with psychotic disorders and their unaffected siblings

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Islam ◽  
M.F.H. Khan ◽  
P.J. Quee ◽  
H. Snieder ◽  
E.R. van den Heuvel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Group Project ◽  
Gender And Age

AbstractBackground:Multimorbidity may impose an overwhelming burden on patients with psychosis and is affected by gender and age. Our aim is to study the independent role of familial liability to psychosis as a risk factor for multimorbidity.Methods:We performed the study within the framework of the Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) project. Overall, we compared 1024 psychotic patients, 994 unaffected siblings and 566 controls on the prevalence of 125 lifetime diseases, and 19 self-reported somatic complaints. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more complaints/diseases in the same individual. Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) were used to investigate the effects of gender, age (adolescent, young, older) and familial liability (patients, siblings, controls) and their interactions on multimorbidity.Results:Familial liability had a significant effect on multimorbidity of either complaints or diseases. Patients had a higher prevalence of multimorbidity of complaints compared to siblings (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.79–2.69, P < 0.001) and to controls (3.05, 2.35–3.96, P < 0.001). In physical health multimorbidity, patients (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.05–1.75, P = 0.018), but not siblings, had significantly higher prevalence than controls. Similar finding were observed for multimorbidity of lifetime diseases, including psychiatric diseases. Significant results were observed for complaints and disease multimorbidity across gender and age groups.Conclusion:Multimorbidity is a common burden, significantly more prevalent in patients and their unaffected siblings. Familial liability to psychosis showed an independent effect on multimorbidity; gender and age are also important factors determining multimorbidity.

The Forensic Symptoms Inventory—Revised (FSI-R Adults): Measurement and Structural Invariance Across Gender and Age Groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan E. van Horn
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Problematic Substance Use ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Problematic Substance ◽  
Structural Invariance

This article investigates the measurement and structural invariance of a newly developed self-report questionnaire, the Forensic Symptoms Inventory-Revised, aimed at measuring eight cognitive, emotional, and behavioral deficits (aggression, lack of social support, problematic substance use, lack of concentration, anger, poor self-regulation, impulsivity, and sexual problems) among adult forensic outpatients. The sample consisted of 716 outpatients (603 males, 113 females) with a mean age of 38.19 (SD = 12.47). Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analyses supported the measurement and structural invariance with respect to gender and age groups (18–23 years and ≥24 years). Between-group comparisons revealed that, compared to females, male outpatients reported more substance related problems, as well as incapacities to control verbal and/or physical aggression. Compared to adults, young adults displayed more inadequate self-regulation skills and reported more social support. These findings may promote the formulation of gender- and age-specific treatment goals.

scholarly journals The role of communication technology across the life course: A field guide to social support in East York

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110568
Author(s):  
Anabel Quan-Haase ◽  
Molly-Gloria Harper ◽  
Barry Wellman
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
The Life Course

This paper builds on a body of work over the decades that examines how East Yorkers give and receive support. We go beyond the earlier work taking into consideration communication technologies and how they play a role in the ways people exchange social support across the life course. We draw on 101 in-depth interviews conducted in 2013–2014 to shed light on the support networks of a sample of East York residents and discern the role of communication technologies in the exchange of different types of social support across age groups. Our findings show that not much has changed since the 1960s in terms of the social ties that our sample of East Yorkers have, and the types of support mobilized via social networks: companionship, small and large services, emotional aid, and financial support. What has changed is how communication technologies interweave in complex ways with different types of social ties (partners, siblings, friends, etc.) to mobilize social support. We found that communication technologies helped siblings and extended kin to increase the frequency of interaction and help exchange support at a distance. Communication technologies helped solidify friendship ties by providing a continuous flow of interaction. We draw implications for theories of social support and for social policy associated with interventions aimed at helping vulnerable groups cope in hard times such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Modelling Support Mechanism Impact on Electric Vehicle Registration in Latvia

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
Gustavs Gudzuks ◽  
Sarma Cakula
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Support Mechanism ◽  
Theoretical Literature ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Globalization has led to an increased anthropological impact on the climate, and transport is one of the most greenhouse gas (GHG) intensive sectors that is facilitating it. Transport generated around 14 percent of global GHG emissions in 2010. Transport decarbonization is vital for limiting climate change, and electric vehicle (EV) is one of the solutions. EV prevalence in Latvia after Climate Financial Instrument (CCFI) funding has steadily increased and the average yearly EV growth has remained at 0.09 percent among newly registered light-duty passenger vehicles. The aim of this research is to model the impact of different direct and indirect support mechanisms on EV growth in Latvia taking into account the costs of the given support mechanisms. Accordingly, theoretical literature and research on vehicle decarbonization, EV support mechanisms, and barriers were analyzed. In order to obtain the data related to individual attitude towards EVs and their support policies a survey of different age groups was conducted. Based on the theoretical literature, a model was devised using STELLA software. The model was verified and validated. The results of the model indicate that until 2030 direct subsidies of at least 45 percent will have the largest impact on EV registration, while decreasing VAT by at least 9 percent is the most cost-effective option. The results regarding indirect support mechanisms show that free charging and development of charging infrastructure, as well as improvements to EV related technologies would increase EV registration. However, to ensure sustainable support to EVs it is advisable to combine direct incentives with indirect support mechanisms. Combining different policies lowers incentive costs and increases their efficiency.

Psychological distress among social workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 146801732094944
Author(s):  
Maya Kagan ◽  
Lee GreenblattKimron
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Summary The purpose of the current study was to examine the moderating role of social support in the association between self-efficacy and psychological distress among social workers. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of 726 social workers in Israel. Selected variables, found in previous studies to correlate with psychological distress, served in the current study as covariates: gender, years of professional experience, self-rated health, self-defined burnout, and self-reported loneliness. Findings The hierarchical multiple regression revealed that social workers who had more years of professional experience, better self-rated health, lower levels of burnout and of self-reported loneliness, reported lower levels of psychological distress. Higher levels of self-efficacy were found to be associated with lower levels of psychological distress only among social workers with lower levels of perceived social support. Application In the absence of adequate social support, self-efficacy can be an important resource for social workers, since it is related to lower levels of psychological distress. Hence, it is recommended that action be taken to promote awareness and enhance social workers’ self-efficacy at the academic level, from the initial stages of their socialization into the profession and at their work places. Also, action should be taken on the policy level to provide assistance with developing and maintaining social workers’ support mechanisms.

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