scholarly journals Predictors of Intention to Travel to Cuba across Three Time Horizons: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 981-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan J. Jordan ◽  
B. Bynum Boley ◽  
Whitney Knollenberg ◽  
Carol Kline
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Time Horizons ◽  
The Us ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

As the relationship between Cuba and the United States evolves, many Americans are entertaining the idea of travel to Cuba. This study used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine predictors of US residents’ intentions to travel to Cuba across three time horizons: 1 year, 5 years, and 10 years. TPB constructs were administered to a cross-sectional panel of US residents. Results varied by time horizon, with US residents’ negative attitudes toward Cuba having a positive and significant influence on their intention to visit Cuba within one year. This finding suggests that some US residents match Plog’s Allocentric profile of tourists and that the current “rough edges” of Cuba are what attract them to travel in the short rather than long term. Findings from this study provide baseline data that is valuable for Cuban and American tourism organizations, should the US market become more accessible.

Red tape and change-supportive intention: an extension of the theory of planned behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemin Ali Hassan ◽  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
Ahmad Bayiz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
Related Attitude ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis paper builds on and extends the theory of planned behavior (TPB) by examining empirically the underlying mechanism through which red tape is associated with employee change-supportive intention (CSI). It investigates red tape as an antecedent of CSI and examines the mediation role of change-related attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control (PBC) in the relationship between red tape and CSI.Design/methodology/approachTo test the study's hypotheses, cross-sectional data were collected from 183 employees working at a public organization in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq that was going through a major change. Regression analyses and the PROCESS macro for SPSS were used.FindingsConsistent with our expectations, the results indicate that red tape negatively predicts CSI. Red tape also predicts change-related attitude, subjective norm and PBC, which consequently predict CSI. The results also reveal that the relationship between red tape and CSI is mediated by change-related attitude and subjective norm.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited in using cross-sectional data at a point in time and in investigating intention only, rather than actual behavior.Originality/valueWhile prior work shows that red tape is a relevant factor that may affect employee responses to change in public sector, the psychological processes on which this relationship is based are still not fully explained. Therefore, this is the first study that aims to shed some light on this relationship.

Linguistic Integration and Immigrant Health: The Longitudinal Effects of Interethnic Social Capital

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesay A. Tegegne
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Immigrant Health ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Linguistic Integration ◽  
The Relationship

The literature on immigrant health has by and large focused on the relationship between acculturation (often measured by a shift in language use) and health outcomes, paying less attention to network processes and the implications of interethnic integration for long-term health. This study frames English-language use among immigrants in the United States as a reflection of bridging social capital that is indicative of social network diversity. Using longitudinal data on self-rated health and the incidence of chronic conditions from the New Immigrant Survey (2003, 2007), I examine the contemporaneous and longitudinal associations between interethnic social capital and health. The results show evidence for a positive long-term effect of linguistic integration on health status, but no cross-sectional associations were observed. Overall, these results highlight the possible role of network processes in linking English-language use with immigrant health and the time-dependent nature of the relationship between linguistic integration and health status.

Association of asthma with osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and fractures

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed S. Shaheen ◽  
Jonathan I. Silverberg
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pathologic Fractures ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
National Emergency ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Previous studies that examined the relationship between asthma, osteoporosis, and pathologic fractures found conflicting results. Objective: To determine whether asthma is associated with osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and fractures in U.S. adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 198,102,435 children and adults, including 10,129,307 with asthma, from the 2006‐2012 National Emergency Department Sample, which includes a representative 20% sample of emergency department (ED) visits throughout the United States. Results: ED visits of patients with versus without asthma were associated with higher odds of osteopenia (7 of 7 years: multivariable logistic regression of all years pooled; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.45 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.41‐1.50]), osteoporosis (7 of 7 years: aOR 1.85 [95% CI, 1.82‐1.88]), osteomalacia (7 of 7 years: aOR 2.00 [95% CI, 1.61‐2.49]), and pathologic fractures (7 of 7 years: OR 1.24 [95% CI, 1.20‐1.27]). Patients with asthma and with long-term glucocorticoid use had higher odds of osteoporosis, osteopenia, osteomalacia, and fractures compared with patients with asthma and without long-term glucocorticoid use. Patients with asthma and with fractures incurred significantly more inpatient admissions, and higher costs of ED and inpatient care. Conclusion: ED visits with asthma were associated with osteopenia, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and pathologic fractures.

scholarly journals Quality of life of HIV-negative, previously healthy individuals following cryptococcal meningoencephalitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen Dean ◽  
Seher Anjum ◽  
Terri Scott ◽  
Lillian Ham ◽  
Katherine Traino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hiv Negative ◽  
Comprehensive Study

AbstractThe morbidity and mortality of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) in previously healthy, HIV-negative individuals is increasingly recognized. We administered a healthcare associated quality of life (QOL) survey to the largest longitudinally followed cohort of these patients in the United States. We identified moderate or severe self-reported impairment in at least one QOL domain in 61% of subjects at least one year following diagnosis. Self-reported cognitive impairment was noted in 52% and sleep disturbance was noted in 55%. This is the first comprehensive study of cross-sectional long-term QOL in previously healthy patients following cryptococcal infection.

scholarly journals Short-Term and Long-Term Entrepreneurial Intention Comparison between Pakistan and Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6529
Author(s):  
Nasar ◽  
Kamarudin ◽  
Rizal ◽  
Ngoc ◽  
Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Partial Least Squares Model

This study’s purpose is to measure entrepreneurial intention in near and distant time scales using temporal construal theory and the theory of planned behavior. It examines new patterns to measure individual intentions to become an entrepreneur, which are classified into short-term entrepreneurial intention and long-term entrepreneurial intention, using a two-country study. A cross-sectional study of 447 university students in business and non-business disciplines from Pakistan and Vietnam was conducted. Structural equation modeling and the partial least squares model were used to present path modeling and multigroup analysis. The proposed model for entrepreneurial temporal intention was tested using the theory of planned behavior dimensions with the potential temporal spectrum of short-term and long-term intentions. The results indicated differences in individual entrepreneurial temporal intentions across the two lower middle-income countries. The findings depict that short-term entrepreneurial intention significantly mediates the effect between the theory of planned behavior dimensions and long-term entrepreneurial intention, and more specifically, that long-term entrepreneurial intention is higher than short-term entrepreneurial intention in both countries. In comparison, the theory of planned behavior dimensions indicated more power in Pakistan’s student sample. This paper presents a new perspective to compare differences in entrepreneurial intention with time fluctuation and thus provides support in identifying potential nascent entrepreneurs based on their psychological distance in thinking and primitive action.

scholarly journals Going Nativist: How Nativism and Economic Ideology Interact to Shape Beliefs about Global Trade*

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen E Powers ◽  
Jason Reifler ◽  
Thomas J Scotto
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Representative Samples

Abstract Existing research explains variation in trade attitudes by pitting explanations rooted in the foreign part of foreign economic policy, like nativism, against economic beliefs like a commitment to free market principles. But what happens when these factors create significant cross-pressures—how do free market-oriented nativists think about trade? We argue that nativism is a higher-order belief that constrains the relationship between lower-order economic attitudes and beliefs about international trade. We test our argument using representative samples from the United States and United Kingdom. First, we analyze observational data and find a significant interaction whereby nativism moderates the relationship between free market attitudes and beliefs that trade provides national and global benefits. Second, we report results from a survey experiment to show that a message about the long-term benefits from free trade increases support for free trade in both samples. Importantly, we also find that nativist values weaken the treatment effect in the US sample. As long as international relations scholars focus on cultural or economic antecedents on their own, we miss much about how elements in belief systems interact.

Planning Ahead: Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Older Adults’ Intentions to Use Hospice if Faced With Terminal Illness

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 572-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusine Nahapetyan ◽  
Pamela Orpinas ◽  
Anne Glass ◽  
Xiao Song
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Educated

Hospice is underutilized in the United States, and many patients enroll for short periods of times. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify significant predictors of intentions to use hospice in community-dwelling older adults. The Theory of Planned Behavior informed the selection of predictors. Data were collected from 146 White older adults ( M age = 69.5; 69% females). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that higher hospice knowledge, normative beliefs that support hospice utilization, higher perceived control to use hospice, and preferences for end-of-life care that favor comfort and quality of life over living as long as possible were significant predictors of intentions to use hospice. In spite of being a sample of mostly highly educated older adults, almost half did not know about funding for hospice. These results provide better understanding of where to focus interventions to educate older adults about hospice, ideally in advance of a crisis.

Income Inequality, Mobility, and Turnover at the Top in the US, 1987–2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Auten ◽  
Geoffrey Gee ◽  
Nicholas Turner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
The Us ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Over Time

While cross-sectional data show increasing income inequality in the United States, it is also important to examine how incomes change over time. Using income tax data, this paper provides new evidence on long-term and intergenerational mobility, and persistence at the top of the income distribution. Half of those aged 35-40 in the top or bottom quintile in 1987 remain there in 2007; the others have moved up or down. While 30 percent of dependents aged 15-18 from bottom quintile households are themselves in the bottom quintile after 20 years, most have moved up. Persistence is lower in the highest income groups.

scholarly journals Investigating the relationship between theory of planned behavior construct with the pregnant women intention about neonatal care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azamalsadat Navabi ◽  
mohsen shamsi ◽  
mahboobeh khorsandi ◽  
maryam zamanian
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Considering that neonatal are the most sensitive group to kind of diseases, the present study aimed an investigating the relationship between theory of planned behavior construct with the pregnant women intention about neonatal care.Method: In this cross-sectional study, 100 pregnant women in trimester of pregnancy were selected by random sampling. Data was collected using valid and reliable questionnaire and interviews conducted with pregnant women. The questionnaire included demographic characteristic of the mothers and theory planned behavior construct. Finally the data were analyzed by SPSS 20 T-test, Chi-square, Correlation, ANOVA and regression.Results: The average age of the sample was 26.12±4.9 and the average duration of marriage age was 3.9 ±2.74 years. There was a high correlation between perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention (r=0.40; p < 0.001). Over 40% of pregnant women were shown to lack overall Knowledge about the items related to neonatal care. The mothers who were better prepared for parenting tended to have a higher level of schooling, perceived control behavior and knowledge. Regression analysis showed that the knowledge and perceived behavior control R2 =32% in the prediction of neonatal care intentions.Conclusions: Findings of this study show support for the predictive ability of the theory of planned behavior in predicting for neonatal care therefore the design of educational intervention should be based on intention and knowledge as the most important predictors of maternal behavior.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial Intention: Creativity, Entrepreneurship, and University Support

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Temoor Anjum ◽  
Muhammad Farrukh ◽  
Petra Heidler ◽  
Julián Andres Díaz Tautiva
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Support ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

To study the impact of perceived creativity disposition on entrepreneurial attitude and intentions, based on the theory of planned behavior, a model of the relationship between perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intentions and attitude was constructed, relevant hypotheses were proposed, and the moderation mechanism of perception of university support on perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intentions was also developed and analyzed. The study population included university business students in Pakistan. A sample of 330 students was selected from eight universities in Lahore and Islamabad, Pakistan. A random stratified sampling technique was executed. For this study, a cross-sectional and quantitative research design was used based on the survey process. The two-part questionnaire was used for data collection. Smart-PLS software version 3.2.7 was used to assess the hypothesis of this study. It was found that perceived creativity disposition and attitude toward entrepreneurship has a positive influence on entrepreneurial intention. It was also discovered that the perception of university support moderates the relationship between perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intention. In this study, the moderation effect of perception of university support on the relationship between perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intention was acknowledged. As a policy implication, the government should ensure students with an innovative entrepreneurial environment and well-built perception of university support are supported through different channels. Finally, a conceptual model was proposed based on adopting the theory of planned behavior, and the study ends with a conclusion and implications for future research.

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