The Patient as a Starting Point for Health Education in Leprosy Control

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niyi Awofeso
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
Leprosy Control

The current strategy for leprosy control remains the early diagnosis and effective treatment of leprosy patients with multi-drug therapy (MDT), together with the prevention and/or limitation of disabilities. This paper proposes patients-centred health education strategies that may help in the goal of eliminating leprosy as a public health problem by the year 2000, in leprosy endemic countries like Nigeria.

scholarly journals Realities of leprosy control: updating scenarios

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aguinaldo Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Combination Drug ◽  
Leprosy Patients ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Study ◽  
Leprosy Control

In the light of successive therapeutical difficulties for leprosy control, the application of drug therapy combination over the last decades has brought about an expectation of cure for leprosy patients and also for the elimination of this illness as a Public Health problem. However, there has been a progressive reduction in the prevalence of leprosy, but without any apparent impact on transmission, which has led to recognized need for solid assessment of respective epidemiological evidence as grounds for interventions to solve the problem. In this regard, here we present a retroanalytical qualitative and quantitative study, combined with a prospective diachronic approach, based on the association of documental review techniques and analysis of content, involving the following phases in succession: assembly of an operational scheme, execution of search strategy, application of criteria, selection of studies, data extraction and processing, implementation of analysis plan and preparation of final text. The appropriate execution of the procedures, as applied, allows us to obtain and discuss the identification of three main scenarios: the elimination of the illness as a public health problem (Neglected Illness); therapeutic aspects (Resistance; Relapse; Non-Adherence; Persistence) and complexity (complications and physical incapacities). The conclusions that have been reached indicate,mainly, that the reality of leprosy control with the use of combination drug therapy, still needs to be handled with care, even more so as this is just a fragment of the set of people once under medical attention, which also correspond to a parcel of the set of people affected by the ailment.

scholarly journals A proposal for an evaluation model of pharmaceutical services for malaria

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2075-2082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Garcia Serpa Osorio-de-Castro ◽  
Gabriela Costa Chaves ◽  
Adriana Mendoza Ruiz ◽  
Elaine Silva Miranda ◽  
Mônica Rodrigues Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Treatment Quality ◽  
Logical Model ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Indicator Framework

Malaria is a serious public health problem in over 90 countries worldwide. In Brazil the disease is prevalent in the Amazon and the control rationale is based on early diagnosis and treatment. Quality pharmaceutical services are considered a key element for control. A proposal for evaluating pharmaceutical services for malaria is presented here. A theoretical outline composed of a logical model and an indicator framework is discussed and strives to establish a basis for assessment and judgment of the way in which these services are actually delivered. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of pharmaceutical services for malaria and other endemic diseases, complying with the directives of the Brazilian National Medicines Policy.

scholarly journals Serology can help in the early diagnosis of leprosy in monitoring household contacts

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Gabriela Tayrine CAETANO ◽  
Ludmila MOREIRA ◽  
Charles Scott FOREMAN ◽  
Lucas Henrique SAMPAIO
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Great Step

Phenolic glycolipid antibody (PGL-I) is considered a relevant marker of leprosy. However anti PGL-I test is not been widely implemented in field situations. In this work we performed a study of examining the anti-PGL-I to HHC recruited in Anápolis, Brazil, endemic city for leprosy. They were performed three evaluations during this follow up. During this study a proportion of incident cases significantly higher (p<0.005) was detected among PGL-I positive contacts (13/108). PGL-I positive contacts presented a 6.5-fold higher risk for leprosy compared with PGL-I negative contacts. This work has shown that the majority HHC that became ill presented anti PGL-I positive before the first signs of leprosy. After this study, we uphold that home visits to find new patients among HHC and the realization of PGL-I test can be a great step to control leprosy as a public health problem in endemic locals. Key words: PGL-I; Hansen's disease; HHC.

scholarly journals Modern Aspects in the Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Breast Cancer in Early Stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Andrei Moisin ◽  
Ciprian Tănăsescu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Common Cancer

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and a major public health problem, affecting 2.1 million women each year globally and causing the highest number of cancer-related deaths among women. In 2018, an estimated 627,000 women died from breast cancer (about 15% of all cancer deaths among women). To improve survival, early detection is essential. There are two strategies for early detection of breast cancer: early diagnosis and screening.(1) In Romania, the latest statistics show a higher incidence of breast cancer compared to the European average of 7929 new cases / year with a mortality of 3101 deaths / year.(2)

Co-Operation in Health Education

Africa ◽  
1931 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Blacklock
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Remarkable Similarity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Medical Reports ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphThe Public-Health Problem In Tropical Africa. A Survey of medical reports from all parts of tropical Africa shows us a remarkable similarity in the nature of the paramount diseases. True, certain diseases such as yellow fever, plague, and relapsing fever occur in some districts and are rare or unknown in others, but the conditions necessary for their occurrence and the danger of their spread are generally present in the so far unaffected countries.

scholarly journals Curcumin Attenuates the Pathogenicity of Entamoeba histolytica by Regulating the Expression of Virulence Factors in an Ex-Vivo Model Infection

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itzia Azucena Rangel-Castañeda ◽  
Pilar Carranza-Rosales ◽  
Nancy Elena Guzmán-Delgado ◽  
José Manuel Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Sirenia González-Pozos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Amoebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Attractive Potential ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Starting Point

Infection with the enteric protozoan Entamoeba histolytica is still a serious public health problem, especially in developing countries. Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of the amoebiasis, and it can lead to serious and potentially life-threatening complications in some people. ALA can be cured by metronidazole (MTZ); however, because it has poor activity against luminal trophozoites, 40–60% of treated patients get repeated episodes of invasive disease and require repeated treatments that can induce resistance to MTZ, this may emerge as an important public health problem. Anti-virulence strategies that impair the virulence of pathogens are one of the novel approaches to solving the problem. In this study, we found that low doses of curcumin (10 and 50 μM) attenuate the virulence of E. histolytica without affecting trophozoites growth or triggering liver injury. Curcumin (CUR) decreases the expression of genes associated with E. histolytica virulence (gal/galnac lectin, ehcp1, ehcp5, and amoebapore), and is correlated with significantly lower amoebic invasion. In addition, oxidative stress is critically involved in the etiopathology of amoebic liver abscess; our results show no changes in mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) after E. histolytica infection, with or without CUR. This study provides clear evidence that curcumin could be an anti-virulence agent against E. histolytica, and makes it an attractive potential starting point for effective treatments that reduce downstream amoebic liver abscess.

Reasons for Non-Compliance to Inhaled Medications among Adult Asthma Patients Attending Referral Chest Hospital in North India

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Yousoof Dar ◽  
Naveed Nazir Shah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Asthma Patient ◽  
North India ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Introduction: Asthma is a major public health problem affecting a large number of individuals of all ages, characterized bychronic airway inflammation and inhaled medications are main stay of treatment but compliance to these medications is poor.Aim: This study was conducted to look for common reasons for non-compliance to inhaled medications (MDI and DPI) in asthmapatients attending out-patient department of a referral chest hospital. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 150diagnosed asthma patients on follow based on an open labeled questionnaire in a hospital from North India. Results: Overallcompliance of the patients to inhaled medications (MDI and DPI) was only 34.6% (52 /150 patients) and 65.4 % (98 out of 150) were found to be noncompliant. Among reason for non-compliance, belief that medications were not needed during symptom freeperiod was found in 43.8% (43/98), followed by feeling that they may become dependent/ develop addiction if used for long timein  32.6% (32/98) and social embarrassment in using inhalers found in  14.2%(14/98). All other reasons accounted for onlyaround 9% of non-compliance. Conclusion: The data indicates that despite strict instructions for adherence to medicationcompliance rate was poor, although majority of the patients believed that compliance was extremely important. This studysuggests that besides continued health education new health care initiatives are needed to be designed to improve the complianceof asthma patient for inhaled medications.

Kindesmisshandlung und deren Langzeitfolgen – Analyse einer repräsentativen deutschen Stichprobe

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Witt ◽  
Rebecca Brown ◽  
Paul L. Plener ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Jörg M. Fegert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Nachhaltige Entwicklung

Zusammenfassung. Kindesmisshandlung stellt einen bedeutenden Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung dar. Einzelne Formen von Kindesmisshandlung treten häufig nicht isoliert auf, sondern das gemeinsame Auftreten verschiedener Formen von Kindesmisshandlung stellt eher die Regel als die Ausnahme dar. Neben den langfristigen und vielfältigen individuellen Folgen führt Kindesmisshandlung jährlich zu einer hohen gesamtgesellschaftlichen Belastung. Die WHO hat Kindesmisshandlung als großes Public Health Problem identifiziert und die Vereinten Nationen haben den Kampf gegen Kindesmisshandlung zum Ziel in ihrer Agenda für nachhaltige Entwicklung gemacht. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Häufigkeit sowie das gemeinsame Auftreten unterschiedlicher Formen von Kindesmisshandlung sowie deren Assoziation mit psychischen und somatischen Folgen auf Basis einer bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Stichprobe untersucht und dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen den Zusammenhang zwischen der Kumulation verschiedener Formen von Misshandlung und negativen Folgen für die Betroffenen. So ist das Risiko für negative Konsequenzen beim Erleben von vier oder mehr Formen von Misshandlung um das bis zu 10-fache erhöht. Viel zu selten werden die kumulativen Effekte von mehreren Belastungen berücksichtigt. Gerade weil die Wirkweisen über die Misshandlung, die Gesundheit beeinflusst, zunehmend gut untersucht sind, muss dieses Wissen im Gesundheitswesen stärker bei der Konzeption von Präventions- und Interventionsmaßnahmen berücksichtigt werden.

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