The relationship among Spirituality, Religious Ideology, and Personality

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Tloczynski ◽  
Christa Knoll ◽  
Andrew Fitch
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Spiritual Orientation ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Spirituality Group ◽  
Personal Orientation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Personality

An initial pool of 145 undergraduates was administered the Spiritual Orientation Inventory (SOI), Dimensions of Religious Ideology Scale (DRIS), Personal Orientation Inventory (POI), and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). The SOI and DRIS examine the manner in which individuals address issues of ultimate meaning and concern in their lives. The POI measures healthy personality characteristics associated with self-actualization, while the MMPI-2 measures maladaptive personality characteristics associated with pathology. On the basis of SOI and DRIS scores five groups of subjects were formed: High Spirituality, High Religious Ideology, High Combined, Moderate Combined, and Low Combined. The High Spirituality Group was found to score significantly higher than the Low Combined Group for six scales of the POI. Significant differences between groups were also found for the Type A scale of the MMPI-2.

Self-Actualization as Related to Frequency, Range, and Pattern of Religious Experience

1979 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Religious Experiences ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Personal Orientation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship of frequency, range, and pattern of religious experience to self-actualization. The Religious Experience Measure (REM), a paper and pencil instrument, was constructed to provide measures of Stark's confirming, responsive, ecstatic, and revelational experiences. Validity and reliability studies yielded favorable results. In a classroom setting, the 401 undergraduates who comprised the sample were administered the Personal Data Sheet (PDS), the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI), and the REM. Results showed that high and low self-actualizers alike have religious experiences and that such experiences cannot inherently be viewed as either symptoms of pathology or evidence of positive mental health. However, frequency, range, and pattern are dimensional aspects of religious experience which are differentially related to self-actualization.

Yet Another Empirical Test of the Relationship between Self-Actualization and Moral Judgment

1985 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-202
Author(s):  
Roger B. Kelly ◽  
William Chovan
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Response Style ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Personal Orientation ◽  
The Relationship

The focus of this study was the discrepancy noted in previous investigations of both positive and negative correlations between self-actualization and principled moral judgment when measured on the main scale of the Personal Orientation Inventory and the Defining Issues Tests. The same tests were administered to 90 undergraduate and continuing education students with special attention to the contingent variable, response style. Low correlations resulted.

Self-Actualization and Retrospective Reports of Parent-Child Relationships among College Females

1975 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry A. Hjelle ◽  
Greg Smith
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Control ◽  
Parental Behavior ◽  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Retrospective Reports ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Psychological Autonomy ◽  
Personal Orientation ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between self-actualization and retrospective perceptions of parental child-rearing attitudes and behaviors was investigated. 20 high and 20 low self-actualizing college-aged females, pre-selected on the basis of their scores on Shostrom's Personal Orientation Inventory, were compared on Schaefer's Children's Reports of Parental Behavior Inventory. As predicted, high self-actualizing subjects scored significantly higher than low self-actualizing subjects on the majority of the paternal and maternal scales on the inventory, reflecting perceived parental attitudes of acceptance, psychological autonomy, and lax control. Likewise, as predicted, high self-actualizing subjects scored significantly lower than low self-actualizing subjects on the majority of the paternal and maternal scales of the inventory, reflecting perceived parental attitudes of rejection, psychological control, and firm control.

Evidence for a Nonlinear Relationship between Self-Disclosure and Self-Actualization

1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 631-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill N. Kinder
Keyword(s):  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Competence Scale ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Nonlinear Components ◽  
Personal Orientation ◽  
Time Competence ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between self-disclosure and self-actualization. Significant linear and nonlinear components were found when scores on the Personal Orientation Inventory Inner-directed scale were correlated with Jourard Self-disclosure Scale scores. When the Time Competence scale was correlated with self-disclosure scores, substantial but nonsignificant linear and nonlinear components were indicated. The results were interpreted as supporting Cozby's (1973) hypothesis that significant departures from linearity may have gone undetected in previous research and that this relationship may be opposite from what Jourard (1964) and others have predicted.

Relationship between Psychological Androgyny and Self-Actualization Tendencies

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Kimlicka ◽  
Peter L. Sheppard ◽  
James A. Wakefield ◽  
Herbert J. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
College Men ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Psychological Androgyny ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Sex Role Identity ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Personal Orientation ◽  
The Relationship

Bem's Sex-role Inventory and the Personal Orientation Inventory were administered to 339 college men and 265 women to test Bern's hypothesis that a relationship would exist between androgyny and a measure of psychological adjustment. Analysis gave some support for the relationship between sex-role identity and self-actualizing tendencies for women but not for men.

Growth in Self-Actualization (Personal Orientation Inventory) in Adult Encounter Groups

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Les Beach
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Total Sample Size ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Personal Orientation

To test the efficacy of the Personal Orientation Inventory in assessing growth in self-actualization in relation to encounter groups and to provide a more powerful measure of such changes, pre- and posttest data from 3 highly comparable encounter groups (N = 43) were combined for analysis. Results indicated that the Personal Orientation Inventory is a sensitive instrument for assessing personal growth in encounter groups and that a larger total sample size provides more significant results than those reported for small samples (e. g., fewer than 15 participants).

A Jesus Community in South Africa: Self-Actualization or Need for Security?

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Stones
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
The Self ◽  
Home Language ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jesus Movement ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Personal Orientation Inventory ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Personal Orientation

22 members of the Jesus movement in Johannesburg, South Africa, were presented with Shostrom's Personal Orientation Inventory, to assess perceived changes in self-actualization as a function of their religious conversion. The control group, comprising 22 mainstream-church denominational members who had not undergone rapid and emotional conversions, was matched with the Jesus People for age, sex, home-language, and occupation of father. The self-perceptions of the Jesus People were significantly mote self-actualizing than were those of the members of the control group in the before-conversion condition. Perceived self-actualization decreased as a function of their religious experience. It is also suggested that the reported changes may be due to a “rising expectations” effect.

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