The Effect of a Domestic Violence Policy Change on Police Officers' Schemata

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMANDA L. ROBINSON
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Police Attitudes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Domestic Violence Policy ◽  
Domestic Disturbances ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Schemata are used to organize knowledge, helping people interpret their environment and decide on courses of action. The current study examined the schemata of police officers socialized before and after the department changed its domestic violence policy to mandate arrests when probable cause exists in domestic disturbances. It was hypothesized that officers socialized before the policy change would have schemata that discouraged them from making arrests and rating victims cooperative and likely to prosecute their cases, whereas the opposite was predicted for officers socialized during the pro-arrest era. The relationship of officers' schemata to their arrest decisions at domestic calls and their attitudes toward the victims at these calls were analyzed using logistic regression. Results indicated more similarity than difference between the two groups of officers, although the schema variable did predict officers' belief in the likelihood of victims prosecuting their cases, pointing to the utility of schema theory for understanding police attitudes.

Richard Scheringer, the KPD and the Politics of Class and Nation in Germany, 1922–1969

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY S. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Army Officer ◽  
Modern Germany ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the life and times of Richard Scheringer, an army officer and supporter of Adolf Hitler who became famous during the early 1930s for his high-profile conversion to communism. Known in the closing years of the Weimar Republic as a point-man for Communist efforts to win support from the radical right, Scheringer survived the Third Reich to become a leading figure in the postwar Communist Party. His well-documented but little-studied career, bridging critical caesurae of modern Germany history, highlights the unique political constellation of the interwar period, demonstrating fundamental continuities in the relationship of German communism to the nation before and after 1945.

scholarly journals Clouding the Judgment of Domestic Violence Law: Victim Blaming by Institutional Stakeholders in Cambodia

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1358-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Brickell
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Victim Blaming ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Institutional Stakeholders ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Government Authority ◽  
Do So ◽  
Domestic Violence Law

This article examines victims’ purported complicity in the judicial failures of domestic violence law to protect them in Cambodia. It is based on 3 years (2012-2014) of research in Siem Reap and Pursat Provinces on the everyday politics of the 2005 “Law on the Prevention of Domestic Violence and the Protection of the Victims” (DV Law). The project questioned why investments in DV Law are faltering and took a multi-stakeholder approach to do so. In addition to 40 interviews with female domestic violence victims, the research included 50 interviews with legal and health professionals, NGO workers, low- and high-ranking police officers, religious figures, and local government authority leaders who each have an occupational investment in the implementation and enforcement of DV Law. Forming the backbone of the article, the findings from this latter sample reveal how women are construed not only as barriers “clouding the judgment of law” but also as actors denying the agency of institutional stakeholders (and law itself) to bring perpetrators to account. The findings suggest that DV Law has the potential to entrench, rather than diminish, an environment of victim blaming. In turn, the article signals the importance of research on, and better professional support of, intermediaries who (discursively) administrate the relationship between DV Law and the victims/citizens it seeks to protect.

Limitations to prediction of maximal oxygen intake

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loring B. Rowell ◽  
Henry L. Taylor ◽  
Yang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Oxygen Intake ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Intake ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The predictability of maximal O2 intake (max Vo2) was studied in four groups of normal men, 18–24 years of age. Prediction of max Vo2 was made from pulse rate and Vo2 at a single submaximal workload at an ambient temperature of 78 F by use of the nomogram of Åstrand and Ryhming (1954) and underestimated actual max Vo2 by 27 ± 7% and 14 ± 7% in a sedentary group, before and after 2frac12–3 months of physical training, and by 5.6 ȁ 4% in a group of ten endurance athletes. Accuracy of prediction in all groups varied with approximation of pulse rate to 128 beats/min at 50% of max Vo2. Nonspecific stresses increased predictive errors in all groups. Constants b (slope) and A (intercept) in the regression equation Vo2 = bP – A (where P is pulse rate), were determined from Vo2 and pulse measured at four submaximal workloads requiring 13–28 ml O2/kg min. Prediction of max Vo2 by extrapolation of the slope to maximal pulse rate resulted in underestimation of 700–800 ml O2/min. Removal of 14% of circulating hemoglobin decreased max Vo2 by 4% but there was no change in pulse rates or predicted max Vo2. The relationship of RQ to V22 during work provided no reliable basis for prediction of max Vo2. exercise pulse rate, oxygen intake, relationship; pulse rate, oxygen intake relationship in exercise; metabolic rate, maximal aerobic prediction of; aerobic metabolic rate, maximal, prediction of; phlebotomy, effect on maximal oxygen intake, pulse rate; blood loss, effect on maximal oxygen intake, pulse rate; training, effect on maximal oxygen intake, pulse rates; physical conditioning, effect on maximal oxygen intake, pulse rates Submitted on October 4, 1963

scholarly journals NÍVEL DE COMPREENSÃO DE PAIS OU RESPONSÁVEIS POR PRÉ-ESCOLARES SOBRE A VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (Especial 5) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Diane de Vasconcelos Barrionuevo ◽  
Fernanda Martins Maziero ◽  
Raquel Cristina de Jesus ◽  
Raquel Pires de Camargo ◽  
Mayuli Dias de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Child Violence ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Method

Domestic violence against children and adolescents is a public health issue, as it jeopardizes development. The purpose of this study was to identify parents 'or guardians' understanding of domestic violence. Descriptive method that sought evidence through the application of a questionnaire used by Biscegli et al. (2008). The results were analyzed by Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, in which the parents or guardians would never agree to any punishment by the employees, 46.9% agree that the best way would be conversation and 85% that the spanking impairs the relationship. Of the respondents with more than two children, 88.2% believe that cursing the child causes harm, but for those with two or less, this rate drops to 50%. We conclude that the guardians of the children demonstrated a satisfactory level of knowledge about child violence but did not discard the cultural influence and the possibility of practicing certain types of violence.

Impact of cigarette package warnings on attitudes towards sharing and gifting cigarettes in China: a nationwide study of smokers and non-smokers

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056160
Author(s):  
Yanhui Liao ◽  
Jinsong Tang ◽  
Ann McNeill ◽  
Brian C Kelly ◽  
Joanna E Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cigarette Package

BackgroundSharing and gifting cigarettes are common in China. These social practices promote cigarette consumption, and consequently may reduce quit rates in China. This study investigated sharing and gifting cigarettes, and the relationship of observing pictorial health warnings to attitudes towards sharing and gifting cigarettes in China.MethodsWe conducted an online nationwide cross-sectional study of 9818 adults in China. Experiences of sharing and gifting cigarettes, and attitudes towards sharing and gifting cigarettes before and after viewing text and pictorial health warnings on the packages were assessed, and compared between smokers and non-smokers.ResultsMost current smokers reported experiences of sharing (97%) and gifting (around 90%) cigarettes. Less than half of non-smokers reported sharing cigarettes and receiving gifted cigarettes, but over half (61.4%) gave cigarettes as a gift to others. More than half of non-smokers but less than 10% of smokers disagreed with sharing and gifting cigarettes. After observing both text and pictorial health warnings on the packages, disagreement with sharing and gifting cigarettes increased by more than 10 percentage points among both smokers and non-smokers.ConclusionHaving pictorial health warnings on cigarette packages may reduce sharing and gifting cigarettes in China.

scholarly journals Schema in older adults: does the schema mode model apply?

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-349
Author(s):  
Katelyn Phillips ◽  
Robert Brockman ◽  
Phoebe E. Bailey ◽  
Ian I. Kneebone
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Schema Modes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:The relevance of schema theory to psychopathology, in particular personality disorder, in younger adults is established. Investigations into the relevance of schema theory to older adults, however, is highly limited.Aims:To consider the relationship of schema modes to psychopathology in older adults and establish whether maladaptive schema modes are associated with unmet needs and that this relationship is mediated by the healthy adult mode of responding in this population.Method:One hundred and four older adults were recruited from an established database. Participants completed questionnaires assessing psychopathology, schema modes (YAMI: Young-Atkinson Mode Inventory) and basic psychological needs (BPNS: Basic Psychological Needs Scale – autonomy, competence and relatedness). Ninety-four responses were included after applying exclusion criteria.Results:The healthy adult schema mode was found to be associated with reduced psychopathology, and maladaptive child modes (angry and vulnerable child) to increased psychopathology. The healthy adult schema mode mediated the relationship between maladaptive child modes and needs satisfaction.Conclusions:As predicted by schema theory, the presence of one of the maladaptive child modes makes it difficult for an older individual to have their needs met, but the presence of healthy adult mode works to support this process.

Performance Changing Regularity of No.70 Road Asphalt with Different Aging Time

2013 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Yi Hua Nie ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Li Xin Xu ◽  
Jie Ding
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Resin Content ◽  
Change Processes ◽  
Road Asphalt ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Asphalt Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, rolling thin film oven is used to heat No.70 road asphalt to simulate asphalt aging. Six aging time tests of 0min, 40min, 85min, 180min, 240min and 300min were carried and the relationship of asphalt performance indexes before and after aging was got as well as four components. The analysis results indicate that: as the aging time increases, change processes of all performance indexes followed curve of index and the correlation coefficient reached significant level. Changing regularity of asphalt four components are also got: the contents of saturate and aromatic both decrease with the aging time increasing, while asphaltene content and resin content increased and the increasing speed of resin is faster. Key words: No.70 road asphalt; four components; performance index; aging.

Identity, self and other: The emergence of police and victim/survivor identities in domestic violence narratives

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-659
Author(s):  
Jennifer Andrus
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Police Interactions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This article analyzes narratives about encounters between police officers and domestic violence victim/survivors in the context of domestic violence calls. Narratives are sites in which individuals create relationships between themselves and others, oriented around a set of unfolding events. Narrative is a motivated, engaged retelling of prior or anticipated events produced in interaction with others, in a particular context stocked with constraints and affordances. In the process of telling stories, identities emerge. In order to understand the relationship between narrative and identity, I analyze stories told about police interactions with domestic violence victim/survivors from the perspectives of both the police and the victim/survivors. Working empirically with a data set of 48 interviews, I use critical discourse analysis and discourse analysis to analyze the ways both groups narrate domestic violence and confrontations with police officers, the ways they create story worlds stocked with characters, the ways story characters are formed and deployed, and the ways those characters are positioned against/with/by the storyteller, allowing the storyteller’s identity to emerge. This article is an analysis of the relationship between the storyteller and the story world and the storyteller’s process of constructing an/other in order to position in relation to that other. Ultimately, I argue that identity emerges for the storyteller in the way she or he constructs characters in a story and then positions in relation to those characters.

Dynamic Aggregation Method of Induction Motors Based on Coherent Characteristics

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 1214-1224
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Xiao Dong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Induction Motors ◽  
Power System Simulation ◽  
Aggregation Method ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fuzzy C Means Clustering ◽  
Equivalent Motor ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Parameters of induction motors have crucial effects on power system simulation. This paper proposes a dynamic aggregation method of induction motors. In this method, firstly, starting off the electromechanical models of induction motors, taking the coefficients of the electromechanical equations and steady state slips of motors as the characteristic vectors, motors are grouped with fuzzy C-means clustering method. Then, electromechanical equations of the equivalent motor are obtained by averaging that of the individual motors in the same group. Finally, parameters of equivalent motors are calculated based on the relationship of transient impedance before and after aggregation, and the principle that active and reactive power loads are equal before and after aggregation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the precision of simulation

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