Colonial Ideologies, Narratives, and Popular Perceptions of Ethno-racial Otherness in the Dynamics of Urban Exclusion: Debates and Evidence from Mexico, Colombia, Chile, and Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 48-66
Author(s):  
Javier Ruiz-Tagle ◽  
Carolina Aguilera
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Indigenous Social Movements ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

Although ethnic differentiations began with colonialism, racism was not widely addressed in Latin American social sciences until recently, since class perspectives were predominant. Within this, studies on residential segregation and urban exclusion have ignored race and ethnicity, with the exceptions of Brazil and Colombia. However, these issues have recently become crucial because of the adoption of multiculturalism, the impact of postcolonialism and postmodernism, the emergence of black and indigenous social movements, changes in state policy, and new trends in migration. A review of debates and evidence from Mexico, Colombia, Chile, and Argentina shows that persistent colonial ideologies, narratives, and popular perceptions of ethno-racial denial sustain various kinds of urban exclusion in the region. The evidence calls for a new research agenda to decolonize urban studies that adopts a critical perspective on the coloniality of power. Aunque las diferenciaciones étnicas comenzaron con el colonialismo, el racismo no se abordó ampliamente en las ciencias sociales latinoamericanas hasta hace poco, ya que predominaban las perspectivas de clase. Los estudios sobre la segregación residencial y la exclusión urbana han ignorado la raza y el origen étnico, con excepción de Brasil y Colombia. Sin embargo, estas cuestiones se han vuelto cruciales recientemente debido a la adopción del multiculturalismo, el impacto del poscolonialismo y el posmodernismo, la aparición de movimientos sociales negros e indígenas, los cambios en la política estatal y nuevas tendencias en la migración. Una revisión de los debates y evidencia en México, Colombia, Chile y Argentina muestra que las ideologías coloniales persistentes, las narrativas y las percepciones populares de la negación etnoracial sostienen varios tipos de exclusión urbana en la región. La evidencia exige una nueva agenda de investigación para descolonizar los estudios urbanos y adoptar una perspectiva crítica sobre la colonialidad del poder.

scholarly journals From cultural differences to cultural globalization: towards a new research agenda in cross-cultural management studies

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Boussebaa
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Professional Service ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Cultural Globalization ◽  
Cross Cultural Management ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper responds to calls for a new raison d’être in the field cross-cultural management (CCM) and culture-sensitive studies of international business (IB) more broadly. It argues that one way of addressing the crisis of confidence in the field is to develop a line of inquiry focussed on corporate-driven cultural globalization. This paper also proposes a theoretical approach informed by international political economy (IPE) and postcolonial theory and outlines a research agenda for future work on cultural globalization. Design/methodology/approach The paper is a desk-based analysis that draws on relevant research in the wider social sciences to insert cultural globalization into the CCM/IB field’s intellectual project. Findings The paper finds the field of CCM and culture-sensitive IB studies more broadly to be almost exclusively focussed on studying the impact of cultural differences. Surprisingly, little attention has been devoted to the phenomenon of corporate-driven cultural globalization. Research limitations/implications The paper redirects the field and presents a research agenda, calling for studies on the role of four related actors in cultural globalization: MNEs, global professional service firms, business schools and CCM/IB researchers themselves. Practical implications CCM/IB scholars may be able to reorient themselves towards the phenomenon of cultural globalization and, in so doing, also seize an opportunity to contribute to important debates about it in the wider social sciences. Originality/value The paper suggests possibilities for renewal by redirecting CCM/IB towards the study of cultural globalization and by encouraging the field to develop a postcolonial sensibility in future research on the phenomenon.

The gifted city: Setting a research agenda for philanthropy and urban governance

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802110241
Author(s):  
Pablo Fuentenebro ◽  
Michele Acuto
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Investment Dynamics ◽  
Wealth Redistribution ◽  
The World ◽  
Global North ◽  
The Impact

With billions worth of funding to city-based projects, urban dwellers and city leaders the world over, philanthropy is no small matter. It might shape the form, politics and direction of urban development worldwide, yet little discussion of its role is present in urban studies. In this commentary, we call for urban scholars and practitioners to become more explicitly conversant in its investment dynamics in cities and their impact on urban governance. We highlight a two-pronged research agenda focused on institutions and individuals. First, we argue that we need to understand the impact of philanthropic institutions not just generally on cities but specifically on urban governance. Second, we call for nuanced attention to the philanthropy of high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs) and its relationship to urban policymaking and wealth redistribution in cities. Third, we highlight the value of a more ‘global urban’ outlook onto the landscape of philanthropic funding in cities, starting with greater attention to philanthropic practices beyond the Global North. We conclude by sketching possible empirical steps towards an action research agenda, whilst underlining the necessary reflexivity that urban scholars should have in their positioning vis-a-vis philanthropy and its engagement in urban academia.

scholarly journals Quantitative quality: a study on how performance-based measures may change the publication patterns of Danish researchers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella Bayle Deutz ◽  
Thea Marie Drachen ◽  
Dorte Drongstrup ◽  
Niels Opstrup ◽  
Charlotte Wien
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Research Evaluation ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Publication Patterns ◽  
Quantitative Performance ◽  
New Research ◽  
Academic Authors ◽  
The Impact

AbstractNations the world over are increasingly turning to quantitative performance-based metrics to evaluate the quality of research outputs, as these metrics are abundant and provide an easy measure of ranking research. In 2010, the Danish Ministry of Science and Higher Education followed this trend and began portioning out a percentage of the available research funding according to how many research outputs each Danish university produces. Not all research outputs are eligible: only those published in a curated list of academic journals and publishers, the so-called BFI list, are included. The BFI list is ranked, which may create incentives for academic authors to target certain publication outlets or publication types over others. In this study we examine the potential effect these relatively new research evaluation methods have had on the publication patterns of researchers in Denmark. The study finds that publication behaviors in the Natural Sciences & Technology, Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) have changed, while the Health Sciences appear unaffected. Researchers in Natural Sciences & Technology appear to focus on high impact journals that reap more BFI points. While researchers in SSH have also increased their focus on the impact of the publication outlet, they also appear to have altered their preferred publication types, publishing more journal articles in the Social Sciences and more anthologies in the Humanities.

Conclusions: The new research agenda on electoral management

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pippa Norris
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Aid Effectiveness ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Democratic Performance ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

This concluding article begins by considering the reasons behind the growing demand for policy-relevant comparative research into the institutional structures and processes of electoral management. It then outlines the theoretical framework used in this special issue – distinguishing the structure, capacities, and ethos of electoral management – and summarizes the key insights arising from the evidence. Research on electoral management is expanding, nevertheless it suffers from several major challenges, including the difficulties of isolating aid effectiveness in this sector and of determining the impact of electoral management on broader indicators of democratic performance. This constitutes the future research agenda.

scholarly journals INTERPRETING SOCIOSPATIAL FRAGMENTATION, DIFFERENTIAL URBANIZATION AND EVERYDAY LIFE: A CRITIQUE FOR THE LATIN AMERICAN DEBATE

GEOgraphia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Morcuende González
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Interpretive Scheme

Abstract: Similar to many concepts in Social Sciences, the concept of sociospatial fragmentation has been often misused, at times leading to significant confusion. In view of that, this article aims to critically review this concept in Latin America. It brings into discussion that, from a critical perspective and compared with differential urbanization and everyday life, the concept of sociospatial fragmentation contributes to explaining the current relationships between space and society. Based on such an interpretive scheme, the study indicates correspondence to strong social and spatial tendencies: the chronification of the crisis of capitalism, the complete urbanization of society, the bankruptcy of modernity, and the fragmentation of everyday life. All that led to the conclusion that fragmentation is, fundamentally, a battle against the use-value of everyday life, which characterizes the present relationships between space and society. Keywords: sociospatial fragmentation; differential urbanization; everyday life; Latin America. INTERPRETANDO A FRAGMENTAÇÃO SOCIOESPACIAL, A URBANIZAÇÃO DIFERENCIAL E A VIDA COTIDIANA: UMA CRITICA PARA O DEBATE LATINO-AMERICANO Resumo: Como muitos conceitos nas Ciências Sociais, o de fragmentação socioespacial apresenta um abuso que muitas vezes leva a uma confusão significativa. Por esse motivo, o principal objetivo deste artigo é criticar esse conceito a partir de algumas das principais propostas no debate latino-americano. Isso para sustentar que, uma vez realizado esse exercício e colocado em relação ao da urbanização diferencial e da vida cotidiana, o conceito de fragmentação socioespacial contribui para explicar as relações atuais entre espaço e sociedade. A partir dessa associação interpretativa, destaca-se a correspondência de grandes tendências sociais e espaciais: a cronificação da crise do capitalismo, a completa urbanização da sociedade, a queda da modernidade e a fragmentação da vida cotidiana. Tudo para concluir que a fragmentação é, fundamentalmente, uma batalha contra o valor de uso da vida cotidiana, que caracteriza as relações atuais entre espaço e sociedade.Palavras-chave: fragmentação socioespacial; urbanização diferencial; vida cotidiana; latino america. INTERPRETANDO LA FRAGMENTACIÓN SOCIOESPACIAL, LA URBANIZACIÓN DIFERENCIAL Y LA VIDA COTIDIANA: UNA CRÍTICA PARA EL DEBATE LATINOAMERICANOResumen: Como muchos conceptos en las Ciencias Sociales, el de fragmentación socioespacial presenta un abuso que conduce, a menudo, a una importante confusión. Es por ello que el objetivo principal de este artículo es realizar una crítica de dicho concepto a partir de algunas de las más importantes propuestas en el debate latinoamericano. Ello para sostener que, una vez realizado ese ejercicio, y puesto en relación con el de urbanización diferencial y vida cotidiana, el concepto fragmentación socioespacial puede contribuir a explicar las actuales relaciones entre el espacio y la sociedad. A partir de ese esquema interpretativo se señala la correspodencia de grandes tendencias sociales y espaciales: la cronificación de la crisis del capitalismo, la urbanización completa de la sociedad, la quiebra de la modernidad y la fragmentación de la vida cotidiana. Todo para concluir que la fragmentación es, fundamentalmente, una batalla contra el valor de uso de la vida cotidiana, que caracteriza las presentes relaciones entre el espacio y la sociedad. Palabras clave: fragmentación socioespacial; urbanización diferencial; vida cotidiana; Latinoamérica.    

Non-metropolitan cities in Latin American urban studies: between ‘trickle-down urban theory’ and ‘singularisation theory’

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (0) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Luis Vergara ◽  
Gonzalo Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Academic Work ◽  
Urban Theory ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Trickle Down

Non-metropolitan cities are subject to growing attention in Latin American urban studies. However, there is no research that critically analyses the territorial, epistemological and methodological approaches that have been adopted within this line of academic work. This article deals with this knowledge gap, arguing that specialised literature tends to approach non-metropolitan places as mini-metropolises that replicate urban phenomena observed in large cities on a lesser scale or as unique places that are unexplained by existing urban theory. We refer respectively to these two tendencies as ‘trickle-down urban theory’ and ‘singularisation theory’, and examine their impact on Latin American urban studies in spatial, epistemological and methodological terms. The article ends by suggesting a research agenda based on comparative studies of cities of differing sizes as a way to generate a more integrative urban theory.

scholarly journals Resistant roots of institutional diversity across societies: An evolutionary framework

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Zitian Chen ◽  
John Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Cognitive Schema ◽  
Institutional Diversity ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Systematic Understanding ◽  
New Research ◽  
Different Levels

Consisting of formal and informal rules, cultural-cognitive schema, and routinized processes, institutions are the foundation of social life. Yet we do not have a systematic understanding of resistant roots of institutional diversity across societies. Following an evolutionary framework, we review the literature and discuss how a series of mutually exclusive and sequential “replicators” have come to jointly predispose human behaviors. Through social transmission, these replicators form lineages, which contribute to different levels of societies. We suggest that our review can provide a new research agenda regarding human behaviors in the social sciences.

Cancer and Global Environmental Politics: Proposing a New Research Agenda

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Peter Dauvergne
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Environmental Politics ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Cancer Rates ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

More than six million people die of cancer every year. Over the next two decades, the World Health Organization predicts global cancer rates will rise to 10 million deaths annually. What is the impact of the global political and economic processes of environmental change on cancer rates? Why, given the strong intuitive reasons to worry about the carcinogenic effects of global environmental change, is there so little research on this topic? What is the political role of science, corporations, nongovernmental organizations and international institutions on cancer research and cancer rates? What is the impact of global patterns of trade, financing, production and consumption on research and rates? This article charts the current social science literature on cancer and global environmental change with the hope of encouraging scholars of global environmental politics to pursue a new research agenda around questions like these.

A New Research Agenda for the Social Sciences

2009 ◽  
pp. 251-272
Author(s):  
Douglass C. North ◽  
John Joseph Wallis ◽  
Barry R. Weingast
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Research
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document