scholarly journals Evaluation of offshore wind power in the China sea

2021 ◽  
pp. 014459872199226
Author(s):  
Yu-chi Tian ◽  
Lei kou ◽  
Yun-dong Han ◽  
Xiaodong Yang ◽  
Ting-ting Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Offshore Wind Power ◽  
Business Operation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wind Energy Development ◽  
The Impact

With resource crisis and environmental crisis increasingly grim, many countries turn the focus to pollution-free and renewable wind energy resources, which are mainly used for offshore wind power generation, seawater desalination and heating, etc., on the premise that the characteristics of resources are fully grasped. In this study, the evaluation of offshore wind energy in offshore waters in China, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of existing studies were overviewed from four aspects: the spatial-temporal characteristics of wind energy, wind energy classification, the short-term forecast of wind energy and the long-term projection of wind energy, according to the research content and the future considerations about wind energy evaluation (evaluation of wind energy on islands and reefs, the impact of wind energy development on human health) were envisaged, in the hope of providing a scientific basis for the site selection and business operation ‘or military applications’ here (after business operation), etc. of wind energy development, ‘aritime navigation against environmental construction,’ here and also contributing to the sustainable development and health of human beings.

scholarly journals Analysis of Hong Kong’s Wind Energy: Power Potential, Development Constraints, and Experiences from Other Countries for Local Wind Energy Promotion Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Gao ◽  
Lu Xia ◽  
Lin Lu ◽  
Yonghua Li
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Wind Energy Development

The wind energy utilization in Hong Kong is limited, although its potential has proven to be significant. The lack of effective policy for wind energy development is the main constraint. In this paper, the wind power potential in Hong Kong is analyzed, and the wind power potential assessment is conducted based on one-year field measured wind data using Light Detection & Ranging (LiDAR) technology in a proposed offshore wind farm. Results show that the offshore wind power potential in Hong Kong was 14,449 GWh which occupied 32.20% of electricity consumption in 2017. In addition, the electricity market and power structure in Hong Kong are also reviewed with the existing policies related to renewable energy development. Conclusions can be made that the renewable energy target in Hong Kong is out of date and until now there have been no specific effective policies on wind energy. In order to urge Hong Kong, catch up with other countries/regions on wind energy development, the histories and evolution of wind energy policies in other countries, especially in Denmark, are reviewed and discussed. Suggestions are provided in the aspects of economics, public attitude, and political factors which can stimulate wind power development in Hong Kong.

scholarly journals A Real Options Model to Value Offshore Wind Power Project under Market Linkage Mechanism

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yiqing Li ◽  
Weiguo Yang ◽  
Lixin Tian
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Real Options ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Linkage Mechanism ◽  
Offshore Wind Power ◽  
Market Linkage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Power Project

This study puts forward a real options model and uses it to evaluate the investment value of offshore wind power project under market co-movement effect. The main purpose is to check investment benefit of offshore wind power project, as an investor. Several uncertainties are taken into account, including investment costs, feed-in tariffs, carbon prices and policy subsidy. Moreover, an additional uncertain factor, i.e. the market linkage of investment costs, is considered. As a case study, Jiangsu Xiangshui offshore wind park is used to illustrate the model in scenario analysis. Using a least-squares Monte Carlo simulation method, we obtain that the project value is negative. Therefore investors should abandon or postpone investment until better conditions prevail. Furthermore, this paper shows sensitivity analysis of the impact of uncertain factors on the project value. Especially sensitivity analysis of variable costs, it shows a certain impact on project value in here, which has been ignored in previous real options studies. The research results would be helpful for renewable energy project assessment and the decision-making process associated with it.

scholarly journals Baltic Offshore Wind Energy Development—Poland’s Public Policy Tools Analysis and the Geostrategic Implications

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4883
Author(s):  
Kamila Pronińska ◽  
Krzysztof Księżopolski
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Policy Tools ◽  
Offshore Wind Energy ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Offshore Wind Power ◽  
The Baltic

A key question for European energy transition is which forms of renewable energy technologies will play a central role in this process. The recent dynamic growth in offshore wind power together with the vast wind energy potential of the European seas, including the Baltic Sea, make this technology an increasingly attractive and viable option. Considering the high installation and connection costs, government support is considered essential for the development of offshore wind power. The aim of this article is to analyze Poland’s public policy tools, which govern offshore wind farm development, and to present them from a wider geostrategic perspective. Authors identify, classify, and evaluate individual public policy tools with the use of multi-criteria and multi-dimensional methods while explaining their impact on offshore wind development in Poland. The analysis of the individual tools has shown that the currently applied tools give a high probability of achieving public policy objectives. The characteristics of the applied tools prove that vital decisions on offshore wind energy have been made concerning the need for decarbonization but also regarding wider geostrategic calculations. Given the changing security dynamics in the Baltic Sea region, we highlight potential geostrategic risks to the implementation of offshore wind projects.

scholarly journals Winds of change – Predicting water-based recreationists' support and opposition for offshore wind energy development in the Great Lakes

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Ferguson ◽  
Samantha L. Powers ◽  
Nate Trauntvein ◽  
Jeffrey B. Jacquet ◽  
Alan R. Graefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Energy ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Wind Energy Development

scholarly journals Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9352
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Copping ◽  
Alicia M. Gorton ◽  
Roel May ◽  
Finlay Bennet ◽  
Elise DeGeorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Ecosystem Based Management ◽  
Wind Energy Development

Acceptance of wind energy development is challenged by stakeholders’ concerns about potential effects on the environment, specifically on wildlife, such as birds, bats, and (for offshore wind) marine animals, and the habitats that support them. Communities near wind energy developments are also concerned with social and economic impacts, as well as impacts on aesthetics, historical sites, and recreation and tourism. Lack of a systematic, widely accepted, and balanced approach for measuring the potential damage to wildlife, habitats, and communities continues to leave wind developers, regulators, and other stakeholders in an uncertain position. This paper explores ecological risk-based management (RBM) in wind energy development for land-based and offshore wind installations. This paper provides a framework for the adaptation of ecosystem-based management to wind energy development and examines that framework through a series of case studies and best management practices for applying risk-based principles to wind energy. Ten case studies indicate that wind farm monitoring is often driven by regulatory requirements that may not be underpinned by scientific questions. While each case applies principles of adaptive management, there is room for improvement in applying scientific principles to the data collection and analysis. Challenges and constraints for wind farm development to meet RBM framework criteria include collecting sufficient baseline and monitoring data year-round, engaging stakeholder facilitators, and bringing together large and diverse scientific teams. The RBM framework approach may provide insights for improved siting and consenting/permitting processes for regulators and their advisors, particularly in those nations where wind energy is still in the early development stages on land or at sea.

Guidelines for Wind Power and Wildlife in Washington State, USA

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Ling ◽  
Andy Linehan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Washington State ◽  
The State ◽  
Mitigation Option ◽  
Energy Projects ◽  
Wind Energy Development

The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) adopted wind power guidelines in 2002 to promote standardisation of the agency's responses to proposed wind energy projects in Washington State. While the purpose of the guidelines was to create consistency from the agency, some of the recommendations seemed overly stringent and unjustified to the wind industry. Recognising the implications of the guidelines on wind energy development in the State, the Renewable Northwest Project (RNP), along with industry members and their permitting consultants, successfully engaged the agency in a discussion to reach fair and consistent wind power guidelines. The account and methods of negotiation are detailed as an example for abating possible adverse avian and habitat environmental impact of wind farms. The three key areas of negotiation were: pre-permit environmental studies, wildlife and habitat mitigation, and an alternative fee-based mitigation option.

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