Natural Gas Markets in Asia: From Callow Youth to Maturity

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Donald I. Hertzmark
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Residual Fuel Oil ◽  
Oil Markets

In the 1980s, Asian energy markets expanded at a rapid rate to meet the surge in demand from Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. This demand boom coincided with an increase in non-OPEC oil production in the region. As oil production stabilizes, demand looks set to rise sharply, this time in the new Newly Industrialized Countries of Southeast Asia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Natural gas will play a key role in this expansion of energy use and could start to lead rather than follow oil markets. The leading role of natural gas will be especially strong if gas starts to make inroads in the high and middle ends of the barrel with oxygenated gasoline and compressed natural gas for trucks. At the bottom of the barrel, natural gas could increasingly usurp the role of residual fuel oil for environmental reasons. At the same time, regional refiners could find that residual oil is their leading source of additional feed for the new process units currently under discussion or planning. The supply outlook for natural gas is increasingly fraught with uncertainties as more of the region's supplies must come from distant areas. In particular, LNG supplies from Malaysia and Indonesia will need to be replaced by the early part of the next century as rising domestic demand eats into the exportable gas production. New sources include China, Siberia, Sakhalin Island, Papua New Guinea, and Canada. There will be intense competition to supply the Northeast Asian markets as the gas production in Southeast Asia is increasingly used within ASEAN.

scholarly journals Changes in Greek industry and their effect on air pollutant emissions

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-527
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Industrial Equipment ◽  
Residual Fuel Oil ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Gas Penetration

Energy use in Greek Industry, fuel mix changes and contribution of major sectors from 1960 to 2004 are presented and analysed. Energy related air pollutant emissions are estimated and presented too. Energy use in Industry has shown a growing trend. Residual fuel oil was the predominant energy form, but with decreasing share, while electricity had a remarkable and steadily increasing share, reflecting changes in industrial equipment towards more automated production processes. Natural Gas started to contribute to energy mix in late ’90s. Emissions followed energy’s growth but with lower rates, since ‘dirty fuels’ use grew slower than electricity, which is a ‘clean fuel’ in final uses. Sectors with the greater contribution in energy use and air pollutant emissions were ‘Basic Metals’ and ‘Chemical’ from 1960 to 1975, while after 1985 ‘Non-metallic Minerals’ and ‘Energy’ sectors had the greater contribution. More than 50% of the countries industrial units are located close to Athens. In 2003, Attica’s share to total industry’s emissions was lower than the share of industries, while neighbouring prefectures’ share was higher. The share of ‘dirty’ industries is higher in the neighbouring to Attica prefectures, while in Attica the share of industries using mainly electricity (‘clean’ final energy form) is higher. The enlargement of natural gas penetration together with energy saving measures will affect positive any emission reduction policy.

scholarly journals The Role of Enhanced Shale Oil & Gas Recovery in the Us & Development & Pricing of Significant Potential Shale Production in Other Countries Such As South America, Canada, & Europe/Asia2018/2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Environmentally Sound

The Role of Science in Developing Enhanced Oil & Gas Resources, Being Environmentally Sound, & Protecting Water Use • Global transformation with fossil fuel as primary source which have an effect on GDP, export/import changes, and global effects on pricing • History of evolution of oil and gas production in the United States • Global development: European Community, India, China, Brazil, Chile, Argentina and Mexico all have proven reserves • All time high extraction of tight natural gas and oil being environmentally sound and protecting domestic water supplies • Hydraulic fracking below potable water supplies • Drilling Diagrams – Vertical and Horizontal, Proper Casing  Record pace of pipeline construction to supply refineries & terminal ports  Pronounced effect on GDP • Natural gas treatment, delivery, from source to energy deficient countries exported as LNG • Cost subsidies and economic pricing of oil and gas extraction, hydro power, coal, nuclear, wind, and solar. Cost of power by region • There are no “Dry Holes” and more attributes of highly advanced geological technology

Algeria will struggle to halt gas production slide

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Local Opposition ◽  
Limited Scope ◽  
Petrochemical Industries

Significance This drag on the economy stems mainly from the poor performance of the natural gas sector, as investment in new projects has been inadequate to compensate for the decline in output from mature fields. Impacts Natural gas might be a driver of growth, despite limited scope to increase oil production due to depleted reserves. Development of Algeria’s abundant reserves of shale gas may face strong local opposition. Increased gas production could facilitate progress on long-stalled plans to expand fertiliser and petrochemical industries.

Fuel Oil Reburning Application for NOx Control to Firetube Package Boilers

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Mulholland ◽  
R. E. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Boiler Load ◽  
Residual Fuel Oil ◽  
Nox Control ◽  
Percent Nitrogen

Two pilot-scale (0.73 MW or 2.5 × 106 Btu/hr) firetube package boilers were retrofitted for fuel oil reburning application for NOx emission control. When firing distillate fuel oil (0.01 percent nitrogen content), an overall NOx reduction of 46 percent from an uncontrolled emission of 125 ppm (dry, at zero percent O2) was realized by diverting 20 percent of the total boiler load to a second stage burner; a 51 percent NOx reduction from 265 ppm was achieved in a distillate/residual fuel oil mixture (0.14 percent nitrogen content) reburning application. Nitrogen-free fuel oil reburning was found to be slightly more effective at reducing NOx than was natural gas reburning, although longer fuel-rich zone residence times were required to allow for evaporation and mixing of the fuel oil droplets. Key parameters investigated which impact the reburning process were: primary flame NOx, reburn zone stoichiometry, and reburn zone residence time. Reburning applied to firetube package boilers requires minimal facility modification. Reburning can be coupled with other NOx control techniques (e.g., distributed air low NOx burners) to achieve NOx emissions of less than 100 ppm. However, for very low primary flame NOx conditions (i.e., less than 200 ppm), reburning fuel nitrogen content is a limiting factor, and reburning with a low-nitrogen-content fuel, such as natural gas or nitrogen-free distillate oil, may be necessary to achieve 50 percent NOx reduction.

The Environment and the Role of Gas

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-122
Author(s):  
Sylvie Cornot-Gandolphe
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Consumer Markets ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

The combustion of fossil fuels causes the emission of greenhouse gases such as C02, methane and NOx. The use of natural gas in place of oil and coal can help indeed to reduce greenhouse gases emission because natural gas is the cleanest of fossil fuels. Its non-pollutant character offers it extremely favourable prospects. World consumption is bound to increase rapidly, from 2120 Bern in 1991 to 3100-3500 Bern in 2010. Expanding world output will not raise any problems of resources because natural gas is an abundant energy source. However, gas production and transport costs are going to rise due to increasing distances between main gas reserves and consumer markets. The financial constraints will be the major factor limiting the growth in natural gas trade. And new solutions would have to be found in order to implement today the projects required in the long-term.

scholarly journals Wyoming

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-479
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Pope ◽  
Deanna Sami Falzone
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Natural Gas Production ◽  
Crude Oil Production ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
First Time

In 2019, Wyoming ranked eighth nationally in both crude oil and natural gas production. Sales of crude oil production totaled 101.8 million barrels, up 16% from 2018, while natural gas production totaled 1.456 trillion cubic feet, which was down 8.52% from 2018.1 However, as of August 1, 2020, Wyoming had zero oil and natural rigs in operation for the first time since 1884.

Long-Term Outlook for B.C. Gas Production and Deliverability in Relation to Domestic & Export Markets

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Michael E.J. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Energy Mix

Northeastern B.C. has several trillion cubic feet of established gas reserve and estimates of ultimate potential are as high as 50 tcf. Westcoast's current deliverability of 1.9 bcf/d is expected to rise by 30% over the next five years. Through-put on Westcoast's pipeline system reached 0.5 bcf/d in 1992. The new role of natural gas in the energy mix will lead to greater consumption such as in gas-fired cogeneration. The price will be “right” when supply and demand are evenly balanced.

THE ENERGY BALANCE IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
M. J. W. Lofting ◽  
A. H. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Year 2000

Western Australia's internal energy demand is projected to grow more than six times from 1975 until the year 2000. Demand has been divided into transport and non transport sectors in the context of existing known sources of supply (coal, oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids).Overall, comparing Western Australia's known energy reserves with estimated demand until the end of the century there is a surplus of total energy: natural gas and coal are in excess and there is a critical shortage of liquid fuels, and in particular fuel oil. The shortfall may be reduced by increasing gas production in order to recover the associated liquids.Known small oil reserves with doubtful economics could further reduce the deficit, but the most reliable method of filling the gap is, however, to find new oil reserves. Exploration prospects are thought to be sufficiently good in Western Australia to fill the gap provided incentive is given by government, but a period of shortage in the immediate future cannot be avoided. The crude expected to be discovered will be light and it is predicted that if large reserves are found it will be necessary to export light products to other States, and import heavy products from overseas to supply the necessary distillate for transportation and rising demand for duel oil in sectors where gas will not penetrate.

The Role of Underground Storage in Large Natural Gas Production Operation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merry Hoagie ◽  
Gabriel Amorer ◽  
Xiuli Wang ◽  
Michael J. Economides
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Underground Storage ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Natural Gas Production
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