Reliability and Validity of the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy in Diabetes in Measuring Diabetes Knowledge Among Hispanics With Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-474
Author(s):  
Jie Hu ◽  
Karen A. Amirehsani ◽  
Thomas P. McCoy ◽  
Debra C. Wallace ◽  
Sheryl L. Coley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Southeastern Us

Purpose The purpose of the study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy in Diabetes (SKILLD) scale in measuring diabetes knowledge among Hispanics with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods A total of 111 Hispanic participants with T2DM were recruited from clinics and churches in the Southeastern US. The Spanish version of the SKILLD was used. Internal consistency reliability and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were examined for the Spanish SKILLD. Spearman rank correlations of SKILLD scores with the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scores were inspected for evidence of convergent validity along with A1C level and duration of diabetes. Results The average SKILLD score was 35.1% (SD = 23.4%). The correct response for each SKILLD item ranged from 4.5% to 56.8%. The estimated reliability via internal consistency was adequate (Kuder-Richardson 20 = 0.706). EFA of the SKILLD items modestly indicated 1 factor could be retained. Spearman rank correlations of SKILLD scores with diabetes self-care activities were significant and positive for foot self-care. Higher SKILLD scores were significantly correlated with duration of diabetes, using insulin, having a high education level, ever attending a diabetes class, or having a parent with diabetes. Conclusion The Spanish SKILLD showed acceptable reliability and adequate validity in this sample of Hispanics with T2DM. SKILLD scores indicated low diabetes knowledge in this sample. Patient-centered diabetes education tailored to low literacy needs of Hispanics is needed.

The Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy in Diabetes Scale

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell L. Rothman ◽  
Robb Malone ◽  
Betsy Bryant ◽  
Catherine Wolfe ◽  
Penelope Padgett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Literacy Level

Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new knowledge scale for patients with type 2 diabetes and poor literacy: the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy patients with Diabetes (SKILLD). Methods The authors evaluated the 10-item SKILLD among 217 patients with type 2 diabetes and poor glycemic control at an academic general medicine clinic. Internal reliability was measured using the Kuder-Richardson coefficient. Performance on the SKILLD was compared to patient socioeconomic status, literacy level, duration of diabetes, and glycated hemoglobin (A1C). Results Respondents’ mean age was 55 years, and they had diabetes for an average of 8.4 years; 38% had less than a sixth-grade literacy level. The average score on the SKILLD was 49%. Less than one third of patients knew the signs of hypoglycemia or the normal fasting blood glucose range. The internal reliability of the SKILLD was good (0.72). Higher performance on the SKILLD was significantly correlated with higher income (r= 0.22), education level (r= 0.36), literacy status (r= 0.33), duration of diabetes (r= 0.30), and lower A1C (r= –0.16). When dichotomized, patients with low SKILLD scores (= 50%) had significantly higher A1C (11.2% vs 10.3%, P< .01). This difference remained significant when adjusted for covariates. Conclusion The SKILLD demonstrated good internal consistency and validity. It revealed significant knowledge deficits and was associated with glycemic control. The SKILLD represents a practical scale for patients with diabetes and low literacy.

scholarly journals Applicability of the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy Patients with Diabetes in Brazilian elderly

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Gordilho Souza ◽  
◽  
Daniel Apolinario ◽  
José Marcelo Farfel ◽  
Omar Jaluul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Portuguese Version ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

ABSTRACT Objective To translate, adapt and evaluate the properties of a Brazilian Portuguese version of the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy Patients with Diabetes, which is a questionnaire that evaluate diabetes knowledge. Methods A cross-sectional study with type 2 diabetes patients aged ≥60 years, seen at a public healthcare organization in the city of Sao Paulo (SP). After the development of the Portuguese version, we evaluated the psychometrics properties and the association with sociodemographic and clinical variables. The regression models were adjusted for sociodemographic data, functional health literacy, duration of disease, use of insulin, and glycemic control. Results We evaluated 129 type 2 diabetic patients, with mean age of 75.9 (±6.2) years, mean scholling of 5.2 (±4.4) years, mean glycosylated hemoglobin of 7.2% (±1.4), and mean score on Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy Patients with Diabetes of 42.1% (±25.8). In the regression model, the variables independently associated to Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy Patients with Diabetes were schooling (B=0.193; p=0.003), use of insulin (B=1.326; p=0.004), duration of diabetes (B=0.053; p=0.022) and health literacy (B=0.108; p=0.021). The determination coefficient was 0.273. The Cronbach a was 0.75, demonstrating appropriate internal consistency. Conclusion This translated version of the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy Patients with Diabetes showed to be adequate to evaluate diabetes knowledge in elderly patients with low schooling levels. It presented normal distribution, adequate internal consistency, with no ceiling or floor effect. The tool is easy to be used, can be quickly applied and does not depend on reading skills.

scholarly journals Influence of social determinants, diabetes knowledge, health behaviors, and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: An analysis from real-world evidence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Silva-Tinoco ◽  
Teresa Cuatecontzi-Xochitiotzi ◽  
Viridiana De la Torre-Saldaña ◽  
Enrique León-García ◽  
Javier Serna-Alvarado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
Care Behavior

Abstract Background Although important achievements have been done in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) treatment and glycemic control, new strategies may take advantage of non-pharmacological approaches and of other potential determinants of health (e.g., socioeconomic status, education, diabetes knowledge, physical activity, and self-care behavior). However, the relationships between these factors are not totally clear and have not been studied in the context of large urban settings. This study aimed to explore the relationship between these determinants of glycemic control (GC) in a low-income urban population from Mexico City, focused in exploring potential the mediation of self-care behaviors in the association between diabetes knowledge and GC.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) from 28 primary care outpatient centers located in Mexico City. Using multivariable-adjusted models, we determined the associations between diabetes knowledge, self-care behaviors, and GC. The mediation analyses to determine the pathways on glycemic control were done using linear regression models, where the significance of indirect effects was calculated with bootstrapping.Results The population (N=513) had a mean age of 53.8 years (standard deviation: 11.3 yrs.), and 65.9% were women. Both socioeconomic status and level of education were directly associated with diabetes knowledge. Using multivariable-adjusted linear models, we found that diabetes knowledge was associated with GC (β: -0.102, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] -0.189, -0.014). Diabetes knowledge was also independently associated with self-care behavior (for physical activity: β: 0.181, 95% CI 0.088, 0.273), and self-care behavior was associated with GC (for physical activity: β: -0.112, 95% CI -0.194, -0.029). The association between diabetes knowledge and GC was not observed after adjustment for self-care behaviors, especially physical activity (β: -0.084, 95% CI -0.182, 0.014, p-value: 0.062). Finally, the mediation models showed that the effect of diabetes knowledge on GC was 17% independently mediated by physical activity (p-value: 0.049). Conclusions Socioeconomic and educational gradients influence diabetes knowledge among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes. Self-care activities, particularly physical activity, mediated the effect of diabetes knowledge on GC. Our results indicate that diabetes knowledge should be reinforced in low-income T2D patients, with an emphasis on the benefits physical activity has on improving GC.

scholarly journals Determinants of Glycemic Control among Urban Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A mediation analysis from real-world evidence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Silva-Tinoco ◽  
Teresa Cuatecontzi-Xochitiotzi ◽  
Viridiana De la Torre-Saldaña ◽  
Enrique León-García ◽  
Javier Serna-Alvarado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Care Behavior

Abstract Aims To explore the determinants of glycemic control (GC) among patients with type 2 diabetes (PwD) to provide insight into the pathways of the effect of diabetes knowledge on GC.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in PwD from 28 primary outpatient centers located in Mexico City. Using the multivariable-adjusted models, we determined the associations between diabetes knowledge, self-care behaviors, and glycemic control. The mediation analyses used linear regression models, where the significance of indirect effects was calculated with bootstrapping.Results The population (N=513) had a mean age of 53.8 years (standard deviation: 11.3 yrs.), and 65.9% were women. Using multivariable-adjusted linear models, we found that diabetes knowledge was associated with glycemic control (β: -0.102, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] -0.189, -0.014). Diabetes knowledge was also independently associated with self-care behavior (for physical activity: β: 0.181, 95% CI 0.088, 0.273), and self-care behavior was associated with glycemic control (for physical activity: β: -0.112, 95% CI -0.194, -0.029).The association between diabetes knowledge and glycemic control was lost after adjustment for self-care behaviors, especially physical activity (β: -0.084, 95% CI -0.182, 0.014, p -value: 0.062). Finally, the mediation models showed that the effect of diabetes knowledge on glycemic control was 17% independently mediated by physical activity ( p -value: 0.049).Conclusions Self-care activities, particularly physical activity, mediated the effect of diabetes knowledge on glycemic control. Our results indicate that diabetes knowledge should be reinforced in low-income PwD, with an emphasis on the benefits physical activity has on improving GC.

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Grinslade ◽  
Bruce Paper ◽  
Hongjuan Jing ◽  
Laurie Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
Reliability Factor ◽  
Diabetes Diet ◽  
Study Test ◽  
Care Activity

Background and Purpose: No scales measure self-efficacy in women with Type 2 diabetes. A scale was developed and tested. Methods: Items generated, content validity index (CVI) assessed by experts, the 2-part Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (DSLF-I and DSLF-II) was piloted with 62 women, administered to 208 women, and then readministered to 30 women to determine initial reliability. Factor analysis was conducted for construct validity. Discriminant, convergent, and predictive validity was examined. Results: The CVI index was 98%. Cronbach’s alphas were 0.88 (DSLF-I) and 0.82 (DSLF-II; pilot) and 0.87 and 0.86, respectively (main study); test–retest correlation was .60 (DSLF-I) and .69 (DSLF-II). There were 3 factors that emerged: diabetes knowledge of self-care activity, diabetes diet self-care, and diabetes medication self-care. Conclusions: The Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale demonstrates good initial reliability and validity.

scholarly journals Association of diabetes knowledge with glycemic control and self-care practices among Pakistani people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 1409-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allah Bukhsh ◽  
Tahir Mehmood Khan ◽  
Muhammad Sarfraz Nawaz ◽  
Hafiz Sajjad Ahmed ◽  
Kok Gan Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
Care Practices

scholarly journals Determinants of Glycemic Control among Urban Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A mediation analysis from real-world evidence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Silva-Tinoco ◽  
Teresa Cuatecontzi-Xochitiotzi ◽  
Viridiana De la Torre-Saldaña ◽  
Enrique León-García ◽  
Javier Serna-Alvarado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Care Behavior

Abstract Aims To explore the determinants of glycemic control (GC) among patients with type 2 diabetes (PwD) to provide insight into the pathways of the effect of diabetes knowledge on GC.Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in PwD from 28 primary outpatient centers located in Mexico City. Using the multivariable-adjusted models, we determined the associations between diabetes knowledge, self-care behaviors, and glycemic control. The mediation analyses used linear regression models, where the significance of indirect effects was calculated with bootstrapping.Results The population (N=513) had a mean age of 53.8 years (standard deviation: 11.3 yrs.), and 65.9% were women. Using multivariable-adjusted linear models, we found that diabetes knowledge was associated with glycemic control (β: -0.102, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] -0.189, -0.014). Diabetes knowledge was also independently associated with self-care behavior (for physical activity: β: 0.181, 95% CI 0.088, 0.273), and self-care behavior was associated with glycemic control (for physical activity: β: -0.112, 95% CI -0.194, -0.029).The association between diabetes knowledge and glycemic control was lost after adjustment for self-care behaviors, especially physical activity (β: -0.084, 95% CI -0.182, 0.014, p -value: 0.062). Finally, the mediation models showed that the effect of diabetes knowledge on glycemic control was 17% independently mediated by physical activity ( p -value: 0.049).Conclusions Self-care activities, particularly physical activity, mediated the effect of diabetes knowledge on glycemic control. Our results indicate that diabetes knowledge should be reinforced in low-income PwD, with an emphasis on the benefits physical activity has on improving GC.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document