Population Diversity and Ancestral Diversity As Distinct Contributors to Outgroup Prejudice

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Shrira
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Heterogeneous Populations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Diverse Groups

Previous research has shown conflicting findings on how population diversity influences outgroup prejudice. In some cases, prejudice is greater when minority groups make up a larger portion of the population, whereas in other cases, prejudice is lower as diversity increases. This article examined how the diversity of a culture’s ancestry—or its historical heterogeneity—would be related to outgroup attitudes. Historically heterogeneous populations descend from ancestors who have migrated from many parts of the world over the past 500 years and, as a result, have a longer legacy of contact with diverse groups of people. The results of two cross-cultural studies found that greater heterogeneity predicted lower levels of outgroup prejudice, and some evidence that diversity in the current population was related to increased prejudice. The findings suggest that intergroup attitudes have deeply entrenched roots that cannot be fully understood by looking at current indicators.

White Skin Privilege: Modern Myth, Forgotten Past

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Peter Frost
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
White Slavery ◽  
White Skin ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Preference ◽  
European Women ◽  
Modern Myth

Abstract European women dominate images of beauty, presumably because Europe has dominated the world for the past few centuries. Yet this presumed cause poorly explains “white slavery”—the commodification of European women for export at a time when their continent was much less dominant. Actually, there has long been a cross-cultural preference for lighter-skinned women, with the notable exception of modern Western culture. This cultural norm mirrors a physical norm: skin sexually differentiates at puberty, becoming fairer in girls, and browner and ruddier in boys. Europeans are also distinguished by a palette of hair and eye colors that likewise differs between the sexes, with women more often having the brighter hues. In general, the European phenotype, especially its brightly colored features, seems to be due to a selection pressure that targeted women, apparently sexual selection. Female beauty is thus a product of social relations, but not solely those of recent times.

scholarly journals Crescent on the Island of Gods, Traces of Islamic Village in Kusamba-Bali

Al-Albab ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Farninda Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Graduate School ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

I Gde Parimartha, Ida Bagus Gde Putra, Luh Pt.Kusuma Ririen. 2012. Bulan Sabit di Pulau Dewata, Jejak Kampung Islam Kusamba-Bali. Yogyakarta: Religious and Cross-cultural Studies (CRCS) Graduate School, Gadjah Mada University YogyakartaBali, a beautiful island well known all over the world, fascinates many visitors from various countries and has a religious identity as its nickname reflects, the Island of the Gods. Although famous as a Hindu land, Bali has an Islamic Village, where Muslims can live side by side with Balinese Hindus. In view of the events of the Bali Bombing, in 2002 in Kuta and 2005 in Jimbaran, of course, there have been social and religious tensions between these two faiths. The tragedy has indeed left a change of attitude that is a strengthening of political identity of the Balinese-ness. This situation is presented in a book entitled, Bulan Sabit di Pulau Dewata, Jejak Kampung Islam Kusamba-Bali (Crescent on the Island of Gods, Traces of Islamic Village in Kusamba-Bali).

The Term “Global” in Cross-Cultural Studies

2014 ◽  
pp. 166-208
Author(s):  
Bice Della Piana ◽  
Mario Monteleone
Keyword(s):  
Computational Linguistic ◽  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
Cross Cultural Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Cultural Management ◽  
Cross Cultural Studies

Globalization in its broadest sense is part of the strongest external environmental forces that affect organisations today (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2011). Despite the “slogan” that globalization is likely to produce homogeneity in various cultures, different civilizations of the world will reassert themselves to preserve their cultural heritages. This means it is necessary to consider the dynamics of the continued interplay between various trends in world cultures and the process of globalization. Moving from these considerations, cross-cultural management research seems to be the natural framework for using the term globalization. Cross-cultural research has received considerable attention by management scholars. The purpose of this study is to understand the connotation of the term “global” used in the context of cross-cultural studies and the enrichment of his meaning in the last four decades. To achieve it, the authors use a computational linguistic tool, namely an automatic textual analysis software, by means of which they locate and extract specific linguistic expressions. This allows retrieval and location of a series of concepts that denote and connote the term “global” over the last four decades.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF FEMALE IN CONTEXT TO DREAM VERSUS REALITY IN BHARATI MUKHERJEE’S JASMINE

2017 ◽  
pp. 192-198
Author(s):  
Jagdish Joshi ◽  
Surekha Patil
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Bharati Mukherjee ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
The Past ◽  
Patriarchal Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Protagonist ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
The U.S

Female has been dominated by patriarchal society since ages. Her voice does not have any significance or importance in Indian society. Women have all potentialities and abilities like men; still they are not recognized or appreciated as equal to men. This is the predicament of women who confine women in restricted social codes and norms. Her individual self has no reorganization in the patriarchal society. Women’s duties were confined to the specific areas especially household works. Her dreams never convert into reality due to the rigid mindset of patriarchal. Bharti Mukherjee is one of the eminent female writers who write about women and the problems faced by them and so that we can say women are at the center of her texts. Bharati Mukherjee deals with the themes of Indian Women particularly the problem of cross-cultural predicament and crisis. Her work has helped to break the silence on some women's issues which were not discussed in the past due to the fear of prevailing attitude of patriarchy. To raise people's awareness, she writes particular about what she sees around her. She writes how the female protagonist tries to tackle the problem of loss of endeavors to assume a new identity in the U.S. She leaves her country to fulfill her dreams and wishes but reality was totally different. Mukherjee introduces us to the various changes that her novel’s main protagonist Jasmine goes through, as she journeys from the world of rural Indian Punjab to that of America’s Mid-West, discovering her American dream in the process. At last she realizes that self-independence is not to be an Indian or American but to be at peace with herself.

“Metempsychosis” and “Marvelous Affinities”: Re-Imagining the Past in the Ilyāḏah by Sulaymān al-Bustānī (1904) and in the Divano di ʿOmar ben al-Fared by Pietro Valerga (1874)

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-298
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Benigni
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Poetic Tradition ◽  
Arabic Translation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
The World ◽  
Literary Histories

Abstract This article focuses on the image of the past in two translations produced in the contexts of the Arab Nahḍah and of the Italian Risorgimento. The first translation is the Italian rendering of ʿOmar ibn al-Fāriḍ’s mystical poems, published in 1872 by Pietro Valerga (1821-1903). The second is the Arabic translation of the Iliad, published in 1902 by Sulaymān al-Bustānī (1856-1925). Both translators refer to the past as a translation strategy: Pietro Valerga reads Ibn al-Fāriḍ through the verses of Petrarch and, in his work’s introduction, emphasizes the transmission of medieval Arab poetry to Italy; Sulaymān al-Bustānī reconstructs the world of the Iliad through Arabic poetic tradition and compares Greece to the ǧāhiliyyah (pre-Islamic age). The article sheds light on the potential of translation as a space of re-imagination of the past and invites us to read the works as two distinct, yet akin, attempts to express original interpretations of Italian and Arabic literary histories based on syncretism and cross-cultural translatability.

Microaggression and Moral Cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Campbell ◽  
Jason Manning
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Moral Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conflict Tactics

Campus activists and others might refer to slights of one’s ethnicity or other cultural characteristics as “microaggressions,” and they might use various forums to publicize them. Here we examine this phenomenon by drawing from Donald Black’s theories of conflict and from cross-cultural studies of conflict and morality. We argue that this behavior resembles other conflict tactics in which the aggrieved actively seek the support of third parties as well as those that focus on oppression. We identify the social conditions associated with each feature, and we discuss how the rise of these conditions has led to large-scale moral change such as the emergence of a victimhood culture that is distinct from the honor cultures and dignity cultures of the past.

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